List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita

This is a list of countries by total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per capita by year. It provides data based on a production-based accounting of emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, and sulfur hexafluoride (meaning emissions within the territory of the given country), compiled by the World Resources Institute and divided by the population estimate by the United Nations (for July 1) of the same year.[2] The emissions data do not include land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), nor emissions from the consumption of imported goods. All countries which are party to the Paris Agreement report their greenhouse gas inventories at least biennially from 2024.[3] World total emissions are estimated to be about 50 billion tonnes a year (including LULUCF),[4] which divided by world population is about 6 and a half tonnes per person per year. In order to meet the Paris Agreement goal of under 1.5°C rise by 2050, average per person emissions would need to be around 2 tonnes per person by 2030.[5] It has been suggested that countries over the averaged be carbon taxed and the funds raised given to countries under the average.[6]

Worldwide CO2 Emissions in 2021, by region, per capita, growth. Visualization in a variwide diagram.
Greenhouse gas emissions per capita for the largest emitting countries[1]

List of countries by production-based emissions
Metric tons of CO2e per capita
Country 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2013 2018 [7] 2020 [8]
 Kuwait 37.32 73.13 65.64 76.41 62.47 54.41 27.31 31.82
 Brunei 48.33 46.38 46.49 44.83 46.88 46.84 38.75 27.23
 Niue 16.4 16.8 19.05 24.3 28.65 45.6
 Qatar 29.75 37.3 41.58 52.1 39.13 36.82 35.89 41.51
 Belize 29.05 29.84 28.55 28.11 28.29 28.15 4.08 3.96
 Oman 22.0 22.92 27.97 25.84 27.82 27.43 17.04 18.62
 Bahrain 27.27 29.64 29.19 27.78 24.4 25.4 31.19 31.82
 Australia (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by Australia) 28.06 27.28 30.84 27.6 25.39 25.06 24.63 22.26
 United Arab Emirates 40.13 38.81 34.89 32.13 23.73 24.59 27.33 25.27
 Libya 21.16 19.43 18.66 20.91 22.63 21.47 15.43 10.97
 Canada (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by Canada) 20.22 20.69 22.12 21.94 20.47 20.94 19.56 17.82
 Turkmenistan 13.39 14.51 18.13 19.44 20.93 21.38 32.18
 Luxembourg 21.14 27.86 23.82 20.72 16.81 13.98
 United States (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States) 23.23 23.26 23.86 22.92 20.97 19.9 18.44 16.61
 Equatorial Guinea 0.52 2.7 13.89 25.83 21.33 19.15 14.72 6.8
 Trinidad and Tobago 12.31 11.22 12.42 16.4 19.11 19.15 16.48 18.92
 Grenada 16.29 16.63 17.28 17.82 18.39 18.89 21.14 21.31
 Saudi Arabia 11.49 13.29 13.39 14.67 17.69 18.26 18.94 20.47
 Kazakhstan 14.43 10.37 13.73 17.28 18.23 15 15.72
 Estonia 14.4 13.53 15.77 17.3 17.66 14.07 7.67
 Palau 6.98 6.74 10.3 11.64 17.03 17.93 10.82
 New Zealand 19.01 18.27 18.4 18.77 16.86 16.62 16.60 15.75
 Russia (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by Russia) 14.45 13.92 14.7 15.21 15.31 17.60 16.18
 Mongolia 12.81 11.28 11.48 10.13 10.91 13.47 16.60 16.45
 South Korea 6.77 9.45 10.77 11.24 13.02 13.43 13.93 12.72
 Ireland 15.04 15.76 17.39 16.77 13.57 12.65 13.37 11.93
 Barbados 11.01 10.38 11.69 12.17 12.64 12.53 13.22 12.72
 Finland 14.75 14.62 13.9 13.26 14.2 11.69 9.88 8.63
 Israel 9.4 10.9 11.82 11.34 11.74 11.46 9.89 9.08
 Czech Republic 14.05 13.76 13.47 12.39 11.42 11.56 10.12
 Antigua and Barbuda 6.31 6.53 7.08 8.77 10.69 11.22 12.59 12.29
 Netherlands 13.18 13.93 12.85 12.4 12.01 11.09 10.37 8.94
 Germany 14.59 12.9 11.89 11.36 11.03 11.0 9.72 8.33
 Central African Republic 12.21 11.98 11.8 11.28 10.78 10.94 11.93 4.35
 Japan (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by Japan) 9.4 9.91 10.04 10.16 9.54 10.55 9.38 8.67
 Malaysia 5.72 6.79 7.91 9.33 9.94 10.2 9.73 9.33
 Belgium 13.26 12.16 11.44 10.17 9.52 8.67
 Uruguay 8.38 9.15 8.83 9.6 9.71 9.98 10.48 10.36
 Singapore 10.28 11.82 11.88 9.48 9.84 9.88 11.82 11.3
 Belarus 8.23 7.84 8.63 9.66 9.55 9.29 9.37
 South Africa 8.18 7.77 7.71 9.23 9.5 9.49 8.88 8.46
 Poland 11.23 10.7 9.4 9.6 9.82 9.43 10.26 8.93
 Denmark 12.97 14.24 12.48 11.59 11.03 9.38 7.92 7.05
 Iran 4.46 5.9 6.69 8.08 9.03 9.26 10.13 10.06
 Norway 10.69 10.59 10.48 10.41 10.09 9.18 8.91 8.57
 Austria 9.71 9.55 9.59 10.79 9.85 9.15 8.48 7.96
 Bahamas 8.31 6.69 6.32 6.03 7.58 9.04 6.85 7.12
 Iceland 12.06 10.27 11.15 10.43 8.9 8.96 9.74 7.24
 Venezuela 8.62 8.73 8.7 8.85 9.08 8.85 8.10 6.83
 Slovenia 8.92 9.01 9.67 9.3 8.72 8.28 7.27
 China (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by China) 2.69 3.39 3.49 5.5 7.43 8.49 8.87 9.17
 United Kingdom (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by the United Kingdom) 12.9 11.63 11.0 10.53 9.03 8.45 6.80 5.94
 Iraq 8.92 6.48 7.87 6.42 7.52 8.4 5.61 6.5
 Ukraine 10.41 8.25 8.54 8.13 8.33 6.15 5.15
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.77 5.47 5.95 6.57 7.01 8.04 7.03 6.29
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.81 5.34 6.0 7.36 7.89 8.18 7.94
 Argentina 7.12 7.25 7.49 7.73 7.77 7.86 8.22 7.97
 Greece 9.39 9.71 10.53 10.73 9.0 7.68 7.90 6.47
 Seychelles 2.94 3.38 7.86 8.45 8.28 7.65 8.02 7.82
 Bulgaria 11.24 8.28 7.16 8.03 8.0 7.55 7.59 6.71
 Uzbekistan 7.9 8.4 7.85 7.55 7.52 7.15 5.48
 Slovakia 9.36 8.48 8.68 7.9 7.43 7.33 6.59
 Azerbaijan 7.5 6.79 6.61 6.36 7.43 8.07 5.48
 Italy 8.6 8.69 9.17 9.49 8.02 7.05 6.61 5.92
 Malta 7.0 7.01 6.24 7.77 7.48 7.04 4.20 4.04
 France 8.65 8.39 8.37 8.13 7.34 6.9 6.32 5.58
 Serbia 6.54 6.62 8.96 9.11
 Spain 6.91 7.54 8.99 9.62 7.27 6.57 6.99 5.71
 Lithuania 6.07 5.55 6.51 6.65 6.45 6.73 7.08
 Saint Lucia 5.74 6.85 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.44 4.05 4.63
  Switzerland 7.77 7.33 7.16 7.21 6.77 6.34 5.41 5.09
World 5.62 5.4 5.41 5.85 6.15 6.27
 Latvia 5.43 4.66 5.47 6.29 6.2 6.05 6.02
 Suriname 7.27 7.75 5.67 5.63 5.9 6.18 6.57 7.35
 Botswana 9.12 8.45 8.25 5.58 9.32 6.07 7.15 5.26
 Cook Islands 3.91 4.02 4.57 5.33 5.81 6.07
 Cyprus 6.59 7.3 8.19 8.53 7.92 6.06 7.23 6.72
 Angola 4.29 4.43 4.2 5.06 6.32 5.99 2.59 2.15
 Mexico 5.0 5.1 5.74 6.28 6.19 5.98 5.39 4.59
 Chile 3.53 3.95 4.47 4.69 5.35 5.93 5.85 5.58
 Portugal 5.67 6.61 7.6 7.76 6.14 5.89 6.50 5.4
 Paraguay 5.25 5.71 5.08 4.92 5.56 5.81 7.07 7.12
 Hungary 8.5 7.05 7.02 7.28 6.36 5.78 6.23 6.11
 Croatia 4.64 5.41 6.4 5.99 5.49 5.52 5.28
 Romania 10.12 7.31 5.84 6.29 5.67 5.46 5.60 4.97
 Thailand 2.69 3.8 3.85 4.67 5.1 5.42 6.01 6.21
 Montenegro 5.81 5.4 6.11 6.06
 Turkey (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by Turkey) 3.71 4.18 4.8 4.66 5.18 5.39 6.10 5.99
 Guyana 3.29 4.37 4.4 4.11 4.79 5.35 6.46 6.72
 Sweden 7.9 8.18 7.53 7.0 6.25 5.29 4.56 4.39
 Lebanon 2.75 5.39 5.53 4.86 5.5 5.11 5.02 4.24
 Brazil 3.73 3.92 4.12 4.43 4.73 5.03 4.93 5.01
 Algeria 3.5 3.42 3.75 4.04 4.58 4.88 5.18 6.08
 Namibia 5.17 5.41 5.31 5.05 5.21 4.87 4.87 5.34
 Nauru 14.23 11.02 8.86 6.71 4.94 4.53 6.03 4.37
 Mauritius 2.02 2.29 3.31 3.71 4.33 4.52 5.33 5.08
 Bolivia 3.04 3.49 3.38 3.78 4.38 4.5 5.01 4.73
 Panama 2.93 3.37 3.37 3.83 4.24 4.45 4.31 3.99
 Sudan 3.83 3.9 4.38 4.57 4.27 2.62 2.44
 Cuba 5.02 3.43 3.89 3.54 4.33 4.08 3.69 3.4
 Gabon 6.99 6.67 4.77 4.21 3.74 4.05 3.52 6.67
 Gambia 4.08 4.13 4.14 4.13 4.26 4.02 1.22 1.02
 Tonga 2.4 2.56 2.62 2.85 3.07 3.92 3.36 2.54
 Cameroon 6.43 5.91 5.4 4.77 4.13 3.85 3.53 3.52
 Ecuador 2.85 3.12 2.89 3.21 3.6 3.72 3.84 3.86
 Jordan 4.87 4.85 3.82 4.28 3.66 3.66 3.60 3.25
 Georgia 2.88 2.78 2.61 2.91 3.66 4.54 4.75
 Colombia 3.4 3.5 3.27 3.21 3.3 3.37 3.71 3.68
 Dominica 2.44 2.66 3.01 3.13 3.45 3.33 3.39 3.2
 Jamaica 3.67 4.04 4.4 4.53 3.17 3.33 3.41 2.51
 Syria 4.35 4.64 4.46 4.87 4.31 3.32 2.74 2.69
 Zambia 5.18 4.2 3.36 3.58 3.31 3.31 2.34 1.96
 Tunisia 2.36 2.52 2.89 3.04 3.36 3.24 3.55 3.46
 Dominican Republic 2.12 2.63 3.21 3.03 3.28 3.23 3.68 3.42
 Fiji 2.38 2.53 2.32 2.9 3.04 3.13 3.20 1.97
 Egypt 2.15 2.13 2.41 2.96 3.18 3.03 3.34 2.93
 Armenia 1.94 1.82 2.3 2.46 2.97 3.17 3.92
 Indonesia 2.1 2.43 2.55 2.69 2.87 2.95 3.62 3.57
 Costa Rica 2.68 2.77 2.52 2.71 2.83 2.93 3.16 2.83
 Maldives 0.84 1.19 1.83 2.1 2.69 2.86 4.61 3.69
 Albania 3.56 2.15 2.36 2.68 2.83 2.85 3.52 2.93
 Mauritania 3.08 2.81 3.06 2.94 2.9 2.84 3.20 3.02
 Peru 1.94 2.07 2.27 2.34 2.77 2.82 3.01 2.73
 Moldova 4.12 2.6 2.91 3.02 2.82 4.87 4.96
 Vietnam 1.03 1.25 1.63 2.16 2.8 2.81 3.94 4.83
 Kyrgyzstan 2.06 1.85 1.97 2.16 2.73 2.87 2.45
 Samoa 2.17 2.13 2.28 2.39 2.54 2.67 3.52 2.72
 Vanuatu 3.04 3.07 2.85 2.5 2.79 2.66 2.96 1.92
 North Korea 7.68 4.92 4.12 4.27 3.83 2.55 1.64 2.95
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.41 1.9 2.09 2.64 2.65 2.53 3.32 2.73
 Honduras 2.12 2.15 2.13 2.49 2.36 2.44 2.34 2.14
 Nicaragua 2.26 1.94 2.33 2.43 2.42 2.37 2.95 2.78
 Morocco 1.53 1.64 1.76 2.07 2.23 2.33 2.62 2.38
 India (see: Greenhouse gas emissions by India) 1.37 1.48 1.59 1.72 2.11 2.28 2.50 2.32
 Eswatini 2.31 2.07 2.63 2.39 2.3 2.25 2.75 2.59
 Chad 2.6 2.37 2.43 2.87 2.28 2.17 5.21 5.45
 Papua New Guinea 2.09 2.68 2.31 2.22 2.08 2.16 2.67 2.06
 Lesotho 1.18 1.11 1.16 1.74 2.04 1.99 2.77 1.87
 Myanmar 1.37 1.52 1.6 1.78 1.84 1.92 2.23 2.37
 Bhutan 1.36 1.68 1.72 1.55 1.46 1.91 3.27 2.11
 Sri Lanka 1.3 1.38 1.64 1.8 1.79 1.87 1.63 1.6
 El Salvador 1.28 1.68 1.76 2.02 1.96 1.85 1.92 1.71
 Zimbabwe 3.25 2.62 2.47 1.93 1.81 1.82 2.17 1.75
 Senegal 1.75 1.69 1.84 1.88 1.89 1.8 1.89 1.81
 Cambodia 1.74 1.67 1.49 1.63 1.83 1.8 2.31 2.53
 Pakistan 1.43 1.54 1.6 1.72 1.8 1.8 2.03 1.98
 Mali 1.81 1.67 1.72 1.79 1.82 1.77 2.29 2.15
 Nigeria 2.11 2.04 1.94 2.05 1.79 1.77 1.59 1.56
 Laos 1.44 1.41 1.44 1.54 1.66 1.77 4.14 4.19
 Philippines 1.45 1.68 1.73 1.67 1.65 1.74 2.18 2.05
 Guatemala 1.23 1.41 1.63 1.71 1.64 1.71 2.17 1.97
 Djibouti 1.52 1.52 1.51 1.49 1.51 1.55 1.55 1.41
 Tanzania 1.64 1.56 1.39 1.55 1.46 1.54 1.87 1.49
 Republic of the Congo 1.07 1.69 1.41 1.88 1.67 1.46 1.79 3.52
 Ivory Coast 1.91 1.84 1.44 1.44 1.37 1.46 0.91 1
 Niger 1.35 1.4 1.43 1.44 1.49 1.44 2.01 1.85
 Eritrea 1.96 1.95 1.63 1.44 1.44
 Guinea 1.25 1.19 1.21 1.27 1.41 1.43 2.33 2.26
 Afghanistan 1.24 0.84 0.82 0.76 1.06 1.4 2.66 0.8
 Yemen 0.99 1.0 1.15 1.33 1.41 1.39 0.76 0.82
 Burkina Faso 1.25 1.29 1.27 1.42 1.38 1.38 1.56 1.54
 Kenya 1.54 1.29 1.14 1.13 1.41 1.34 1.53 1.49
 Ethiopia 1.11 1.09 1.16 1.31 1.3 1.58 1.46
   Nepal 1.07 1.11 1.16 1.12 1.22 1.29 1.82 1.57
 Tajikistan 1.28 0.98 1.04 1.1 1.25 1.67 1.85
 Benin 1.01 0.88 1.01 1.16 1.21 1.22 1.51 1.34
 Guinea-Bissau 1.22 1.18 1.13 1.04 1.18 1.17 1.49 1.29
 Ghana 0.85 0.85 0.96 1.03 1.04 1.17 1.49 1.26
 Cape Verde 0.63 0.73 0.79 1.1 1.43 1.15 1.52 1.42
 Madagascar 1.99 1.77 1.53 1.36 1.24 1.15 1.16 1.1
 Mozambique 1.38 1.23 1.03 1.09 1.09 1.04 1.19 1.08
 Bangladesh 0.8 0.81 0.81 0.85 1.0 1.04 1.23 1.25
 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.83 0.85 0.77 0.9 0.96 1.01 0.92 0.82
 Solomon Islands 1.11 1.03 0.99 0.98 1.01 0.99 1.44 1.22
 Sierra Leone 0.89 0.87 0.73 0.8 0.83 0.97 0.94 0.75
 Togo 0.93 0.75 0.94 0.97 1.01 0.93 1.07 1.01
 Uganda 0.82 0.78 0.73 0.8 0.92 0.89 1.28 0.86
 Kiribati 0.49 0.47 0.59 0.88 0.81 0.77 0.95 0.74
 Haiti 0.66 0.65 0.76 0.81 0.78 0.77 0.89 0.9
 Malawi 0.95 0.64 0.58 0.53 0.59 0.61 1.01 0.63
 Rwanda 0.52 0.63 0.54 0.56 0.61 0.6 0.50 0.49
 Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.98 0.78 0.65 0.65 0.59 0.55 0.70 0.63
 Comoros 0.56 0.53 0.52 0.47 0.5 0.54 0.71 0.71
 Liberia 0.57 0.45 0.41 0.48 0.48 0.5 1.91 0.43
 Burundi 0.42 0.42 0.35 0.26 0.29 0.32 0.49 0.35


See also

References
  1. ● "Territorial (MtCO2)". GlobalCarbonAtlas.org. Retrieved 30 December 2021. (choose "Chart view"; use download link)
    ● Data for 2020 is also presented in Popovich, Nadja; Plumer, Brad (November 12, 2021). "Who Has The Most Historical Responsibility for Climate Change?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 29, 2021.
    ● Source for country populations: "List of the populations of the world's countries, dependencies, and territories". britannica.com. Encyclopedia Britannica.
  2. "Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) Version 2.0. (Washington, DC: World Resources Institute, 2014)". World Resources Institute. Archived from the original on 2016-05-26. Retrieved 2017-06-12.
  3. "NDC reporting: making the Paris Agreement Transparency Framework work". Energy Post. 2019-07-19.
  4. "Greenhouse gas emissions". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
  5. Bhalla, Jag (2021-02-24). "What's your "fair share" of carbon emissions? You're probably blowing way past it". Vox. Retrieved 2021-03-17.
  6. Russell-Jones, Robin (2020-09-07). "Will the Cop26 climate conference be a national embarrassment for Britain?". the Guardian.
  7. "Historical GHG Emissions". Climate Watch, GHG Emissions per Capita Excluding LUCF, CAIT Data. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
  8. "Greenhouse gas emissions per capita 2020". Climate Watch, GHG Emissions per Capita Excluding LUCF, CAIT Data. Retrieved 2023-10-28.
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