State Council of South Korea

As of August 2020, the Executive Branch of the government operates 23 ministries, 18 administrative authorities, 2 boards, 4 offices, and 7 committees.[2] The State Council includes 18 ministers, the prime minister and the president. Ministers must be appointed into the State Council before confirmation by the National Assembly. The president is the chairperson of the State Council, and the prime minister is the vice-chairperson.[3]

Although not the official members of the State Council the following individuals, and other officials designated by law or deemed necessary by the Chairperson of the State Council, can also attend State Council meetings and speak in front of the State Council without the right to vote on the matters discussed in the meetings of the SC-ROK.[4] The individuals are:

• Presidential Chief of Staff
  (대통령비서실장)
• Director of the National Security Office
  (국가안보실장)
• Chief Presidential Secretary for Policy
  (대통령정책실장)
• Minister of Government Policy Coordination
  (국무조정실장)
• Minister of Personnel Management
  (인사혁신처장)
• Minister of Government Legislation
  (법제처장)
• Minister of Food and Drug Safety
  (식품의약품안전처장)
• Chairperson of Korea Fair Trade Commission
  (공정거래위원회위원장)
• Chairperson of Financial Services Commission
  (금융위원회위원장)
• Vice Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation
  (과학기술혁신본부장)
• Minister of Trade
  (통상교섭본부장)
• Mayor of Seoul
  (서울특별시장)

The Mayor of Seoul, although being the head of a local autonomous region in South Korea and not directly related to the central executive branch, has been allowed to attend State Council meetings considering the special status of Seoul as a Special City and its mayor as the only cabinet-level mayor in Korea.

Current members

Portfolio	Minister	Portrait	Tenure		Party
			Took office	Time in office
Cabinet Ministers
President	Yoon Suk-yeol		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		People Power
Prime Minister	Han Duck-soo		21 May 2022	1 year, 160 days		Independent
Deputy Prime Minister Minister of Economy and Finance	Choo Kyung-ho		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		People Power
Deputy Prime Minister Minister of Education	Lee Ju-ho		7 November 2022	355 days		Independent
Minister of Science and ICT	Lee Jong-ho		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		Independent
Minister of Foreign Affairs	Park Jin		12 May 2022	1 year, 169 days		People Power
Minister of Unification	Kim Yung-ho		31 July 2023	89 days		Independent
Minister of Justice	Han Dong-hoon		17 May 2022	1 year, 164 days		Independent
Minister of National Defense	Shin Won-sik		7 October 2023	21 days		People Power
Minister of the Interior and Safety	Lee Sang-min		12 May 2022	1 year, 169 days		Independent
Minister of Patriots and Veterans Affairs	Park Min-shik		5 June 2023	135 days		People Power
Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism	Yu In-chon		7 October 2023	21 days		Independent
Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs	Chung Hwang-keun		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		Independent
Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy	Bang Moon-kyu		20 September 2023	38 days		Independent
Minister of Health and Welfare	Cho Kyoo-hong		5 October 2022	1 year, 23 days		Independent
Minister of Environment	Han Wha-jin		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		Independent
Minister of Employment and Labor	Lee Jeong-sik		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		Independent
Minister of Gender Equality and Family	Kim Hyun-sook		17 May 2022	1 year, 164 days		Independent
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport	Won Hee-ryong		13 May 2022	1 year, 168 days		People Power
Minister of Oceans and Fisheries	Cho Seung-hwan		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		Independent
Minister of SMEs and Startups	Lee Young		12 May 2022	1 year, 169 days		People Power
Other Attendees
Presidential Chief of Staff	Kim Dae-ki		10 May 2022	1 year, 171 days		Independent
Director of the National Security Office	Cho Tae-yong		30 March 2023	212 days		Independent
Minister of Government Policy Coordination	Bang Moon-kyu		8 June 2022	1 year, 142 days		Independent
Minister of Personnel Management	Kim Seung-ho		13 May 2022	1 year, 168 days		Independent
Minister of Government Legislation	Lee Wan-kyu		13 May 2022	1 year, 168 days		Independent
Minister of Food and Drug Safety	Oh Yu-kyoung		27 May 2022	1 year, 154 days		Independent
Chairperson of Korea Fair Trade Commission	Han Ki-jeong		16 September 2022	1 year, 42 days		Independent
Chairperson of Financial Services Commission	Kim Joo-hyun		11 July 2022	1 year, 109 days		Independent
Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation	Joo Young-chang		13 May 2022	1 year, 168 days		Independent
Minister for Trade	Ahn Deok-geun		12 May 2022	1 year, 169 days		Independent
Mayor of Seoul	Oh Se-hoon		8 April 2021	2 years, 203 days		People Power

The State Council is the highest body for policy deliberation and resolution in the executive branch of the Republic of Korea. Article 89 of the South Korean constitution specifies what "important policies that fall within the power of the Executive" the State Council has to deliver:[5]

1. Basic plans for state affairs, and general policies of the Executive;
2. Declaration of war, conclusion of peace and other important matters pertaining to foreign policy;
3. Draft amendments to the Constitution, proposals for national referenda, proposed treaties, legislative bills, and proposed presidential decrees;
4. Budgets, settlement of accounts, basic plans for disposal of state properties, contracts incurring financial burden on the State, and other important financial matters;
5. Emergency orders and emergency financial and economic actions or orders by the President, and declaration and termination of martial law;
6. Important military affairs;
7. Requests for convening an extraordinary session of the National Assembly;
8. Awarding of honors;
9. Granting of amnesty, commutation and restoration of rights;
10. Demarcation of jurisdiction among the Ministries of the Executive;
11. Basic plans concerning delegation or allocation of powers within the Executive;
12. Evaluation and analysis of the administration of state affairs;
13. Formulation and coordination of important policies of each Executive Ministry;
14. Action for the dissolution of a political party;
15. Examination of petitions pertaining to executive policies submitted or referred to the Executive;
16. Appointment of the Prosecutor General, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Chief of Staff of each armed service, the presidents of national universities, ambassadors, and such other public officials and managers of important state-run enterprises as designated by Act; and
17. Other matters presented by the President, the Prime Minister or a member of the State Council.

It has to be noted that the State Council of the Republic of Korea performs somewhat different roles than those of many other nations with similar forms. As the Korean political system is basically a presidential system yet with certain aspects of the parliamentary system combined, the State Council of the Republic of Korea also is a combination of both systems. More specifically, the Korean State Council performs policy resolutions as well as policy consultations to the President. Reflecting that the Republic of Korea is basically a presidential republic the State Council resolutions cannot bind the president's decision, and in this regard the Korean State Council is similar to those advisory counsels in strict presidential republics. At the same time, however, the Constitution of the Republic of Korea specifies in details 17 categories including budgetary and military matters, which necessitates the resolution of the State Council in addition to the President's approval, and in this regard the Korean State Council is similar to those State Councils in strict parliamentary systems.[5]

Although the president is the chairman of the council, the Prime Minister nevertheless frequently holds the meetings without the presence of the President as the meeting can be lawfully held as long as the majority of the State Council members are present at the meeting. Also, as many government agencies have recently been moved out of Seoul into other parts of the country, the need to hold State Council meetings without having to convene in one place at the same time has been growing, and therefore the law has been amended to allow State Council meetings in a visual teleconference format.[6]

• Cabinet of North Korea