Caesium nitrate

Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula Cs N O3. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant and an oxidizer, e.g. in decoys and illumination flares. The caesium emissions are chiefly due to two powerful spectral lines at 852.113 nm and 894.347 nm.

Caesium nitrate[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.224
EC Number
  • 232-146-8
RTECS number
  • FL0700000
UNII
UN number 1451
  • InChI=1S/Cs.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1 checkY
    Key: NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/Cs.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
    Key: NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYAE
  • [Cs+].[O-] [N+]([O-])=O
Properties
CsNO3
Molar mass 194.91 g/mol
Appearance white solid
Density 3.685 g/cm3
Melting point 414 °C (777 °F; 687 K)
Boiling point decomposes, see text
9.16 g/100 ml (0 °C)
196.8 g/100 ml (100 °C)
Solubility in acetone soluble
Solubility in ethanol slightly soluble
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Ox. Sol. 3
Warning
H272, H315, H319, H335
P210, P220, P221, P280, P370+P378, P501
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2390 mg/kg (oral, rat)[2]
Related compounds
Other anions
 Caesium nitrite
Other cations
 Lithium nitrate
Sodium nitrate
Potassium nitrate
Rubidium nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Caesium nitrate prisms are used in infrared spectroscopy, in x-ray phosphors, and in scintillation counters.[3] It is also used in making optical glasses and lenses.

As with other alkali metal nitrates, caesium nitrate decomposes on gentle heating to give caesium nitrite:

2 CsNO3 → 2 CsNO2 + O2

Caesium also forms two unusual acid nitrates, which can be described as CsNO3·HNO3 and CsNO3·2HNO3 (melting points 100 °C and 36–38 °C respectively).[1]

References
  1. Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-92. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
  2. "ChemIDplus - 7789-18-6 - NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Cesium nitrate - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information".
  3. Budavari, Susan, ed. (2001), The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals (13th ed.), Merck, p. 345, ISBN 0911910131.


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