Castle Tioram
Castle Tioram (/ˈtʃiːrəm/; Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Tioram, meaning "dry castle") is a ruined castle that sits on the tidal island Eilean Tioram in Loch Moidart, Lochaber, Highland, Scotland. It is located west of Acharacle, approximately 80 km (50 mi) from Fort William. Though hidden from the sea, the castle controls access to Loch Shiel. It is also known to the locals as "Dorlin Castle". The castle is a scheduled monument.[3]
| Scottish Gaelic name | Eilean Tioram |
|---|---|
| Meaning of name | dry island[1] |
.jpg.webp) | |
| Location | |
  Castle Tioram Eilean Tioram shown within Lochaber | |
| OS grid reference | NM662724 |
| Coordinates | 56.78°N 5.8°W |
| Physical geography | |
| Area | <2 ha |
| Highest elevation | 10 metres (33 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Country | Scotland |
| Council area | Highland |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |
 | |
| References | [2] |
History
Castle Tioram was one of Somerled's castles in his time (the twelfth century),[4] though some may date it from the thirteenth or fourteenth century.[5] It appears to have originally been a principal stronghold of Clann Ruaidhrí.[6] Eilean Tioram, the island the fortress sits upon, is first recorded in a charter of Cairistíona Nic Ruaidhrí, daughter of Ailéan mac Ruaidhrí.[7] According to early modern tradition, preserved by the seventeenth-century Sleat History, the castle was erected by Ailéan's granddaughter, Áine Nic Ruaidhrí.[8] The castle certainly served as the seat of the latter's Clann Raghnaill descendants for centuries.[9]
As such, Castle Tioram is the traditional seat of the Clanranald (Clann Raghnaill) branch of Clan Donald. The castle was seized by Government forces in around 1692 when the clan chief Allan Macdonald of Clanranald joined the Jacobite Court in France, despite having sworn allegiance to William III of England (II of Scotland) and Mary II of England (and Scotland). A small garrison was stationed in the castle until the Jacobite rising of 1715 when Allan recaptured and torched it, purportedly to keep it out of the hands of Hanoverian forces. It has been unoccupied since that time, although there are some accounts suggesting it was partially inhabited thereafter including for the storage of firearms from the De Tuillay in the 1745 Jacobite Uprising and Lady Grange's account of her kidnapping.
Restoration proposals
The castle is now in extremely poor condition and in 1998 was closed to the public at the insistence of the present owner despite the objections of the Highland Council's archaeologist; the walls were in surprisingly good condition, requiring only minor repairs. However, a major structural collapse occurred at the northwest curtain wall in 2000.
Proposals to restore the castle by the new owners, Anta Estates, were announced in 1997 and received planning consent from Highland Council. This included the creation of a clan centre/museum, domestic apartments, and some public access. However, Historic Scotland refused Scheduled Monument Consent, a decision upheld after a local public inquiry.[10]
The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, now part of Historic Environment Scotland, holds a substantial archive of research information, drawings, and photographs lodged by the current owners.
Eilean Tioram
The castle can be reached on foot across the tidal causeway, but there is no access to the interior because of the risk of falling masonry. Eilean Tioram is one of 17 tidal islands that can be walked to from the Scottish mainland.[11]
In popular culture
The castle can be seen in an opening aerial montage of the Highlander: The Series fourth season episode, "Homeland."
Notes
- Evans, Sandra "Eilean Tioram (The Dry Island) and Castle Tioram" Moidart.org.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
- Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
- Historic Environment Scotland. "Castle Tioram & Eilean Tirim (SM955)". Retrieved 24 February 2019.
- MacPhee, Kathleen, Somerled, Hammer of the Norse, at p.62
- Petre (2014) p. 266.
- Tabraham (2005) pp. 29, 111.
- Stell (2014) p. 273; Boardman, S (2006) p. 46; Stell (2006) p. 26 § 2.2; Fisher (2005) p. 91; Raven (2005) p. 63; Murray, A (1998) p. 5; McDonald (1997) pp. 189–190 n. 120, 238 n. 11; PoMS, H3/0/0 (n.d.); PoMS Transaction Factoid, No. 79436 (n.d.).
- Stell (2014) pp. 273–274; Stell (2006) pp. 46 § 3.1, 65 3.2; Raven (2005) pp. 265, 326; Murray, A (1998) pp. 4–5; Munro; Munro (1986) p. xxix; Macphail (1914) p. 26.
- Stell (2014) pp. 273–278, 295–296; Stell (2006) pp. 46–49 § 3.1, 70 § 3.2; Fisher (2005) p. 94; Castle Tioram (1999) p. 19; Murray; Ballin-Smith (1999) p. 5.
- "Castle Tioram: Our statement on bringing Castle Tioram back into residential use". Historic Environment Scotland. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
- Caton, Peter (2011) No Boat Required - Exploring Tidal Islands. Matador.
References
- Boardman, S (2006). The Campbells, 1250–1513. Edinburgh: John Donald. ISBN 978-0-85976-631-9.
- Castle Tioram: Statement of Cultural Significance. ARP Lorimer and Associates. 1999 – via Highland Historic Environment Record.
- Fisher, I (2005). "The Heirs of Somerled". In Oram, RD; Stell, GP (eds.). Lordship and Architecture in Medieval and Renaissance Scotland. Edinburgh: John Donald. pp. 85–95. ISBN 978-0-85976-628-9.
- Macphail, JRN, ed. (1914). Highland Papers. Publications of the Scottish History Society, Second Series (series vol. 5). Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Scottish History Society. OL 23303390M – via Internet Archive.
- McDonald, RA (1997). The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100–c. 1336. Scottish Historical Monographs (series vol. 4). East Linton: Tuckwell Press. ISBN 978-1-898410-85-0.
- Munro, J; Munro, RW (1986). The Acts of the Lords of the Isles, 1336–1493. Scottish History Society. Edinburgh: Scottish History Society. ISBN 0-906245-07-9.
- Murray, A (1998). Castle Tioram: The Historical Background. Glasgow: Cruithne Press – via Highland Historic Environment Record.
- Murray, A; Ballin-Smith, B (1999). Landscape Around Castle Tioram: The Historical Evidence. Glasgow: University of Glasgow – via Highland Historic Environment Record.
- Petre, JS (2014). "Mingary in Ardnamurchan: A Review of who Could Have Built the Castle" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 144: 265–276. eISSN 2056-743X. ISSN 0081-1564 – via Archaeology Data Service.
- "PoMS, H3/0/0". People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1314. n.d. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- "PoMS Transaction Factoid, No. 79436". People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1314. n.d. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- Raven, JA (2005). Medieval Landscapes and Lordship in South Uist (PhD thesis). Vol. 1. University of Glasgow – via Glasgow Theses Service.
- Stell, G (2006). "Castle Tioram: A Statement of Cultural Significance". Historic Scotland. Archived from the original on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
- Stell, G (2014). "Castle Tioram and the MacDonalds of Clanranald: A Western Seaboard Castle in Context". In Oram, RD (ed.). The Lordship of the Isles. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 68). Leiden: Brill. pp. 271–296. doi:10.1163/9789004280359_014. ISBN 978-90-04-28035-9. ISSN 1569-1462.
- Tabraham, C (2005) [1997]. Scotland's Castles. London: BT Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-8943-X.
External links
- Panorama of Castle Tioram (QuickTime required)
- Photographs and Information from Strolling Guides
- Moidart Local History Group
- Caisteal Tioram Trust
- Castle Tioram - Cur Doirlinn, Moidart, Highland Historic Environment Record