Lebesby

Lebesby (Northern Sami: Davvesiida and Kven: Lebespyy) is a municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kjøllefjord. Other villages in the municipality include Ifjord, Kunes, Lebesby, and Veidnes.

This article is about the municipality in Finnmark, Norway. For the village with the same name, see Lebesby (village).
Lebesby kommune
Davvesiidda gielda
Lebespyyn komuuni
Municipality
View of the Ifjordfjellet in Lebesby
View of the Ifjordfjellet in Lebesby
Flag of Lebesby kommune
Flag
Coat of arms of Lebesby kommune
Coat of arms
Official logo of Lebesby kommune
Troms og Finnmark within
Norway
Lebesby within Troms og Finnmark
Lebesby within Troms og Finnmark
Coordinates: 70°56′43″N 27°21′04″E
CountryNorway
CountyTroms og Finnmark
DistrictØst-Finnmark
Established1 Jan 1838
 • Created asFormannskapsdistrikt
Administrative centreKjøllefjord
Government
 • Mayor (2019)Sigurd Rafaelsen (Ap)
Area
 • Total3,459.41 km2 (1,335.69 sq mi)
 • Land3,231.80 km2 (1,247.80 sq mi)
 • Water227.61 km2 (87.88 sq mi)  6.6%
 • Rank#8 in Norway
Population
 (2022)
 • Total1,221
 • Rank#316 in Norway
 • Density0.4/km2 (1/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Decrease −10%
DemonymLebesbyværing[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formBokmål
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-5438
WebsiteOfficial website
Data from Statistics Norway

The 3,459-square-kilometre (1,336 sq mi) municipality is the 8th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Lebesby is the 316th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,221. The municipality's population density is 0.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.0/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 10% over the previous 10-year period.[3][4]

The municipality consists of the western half of the Nordkinn Peninsula, along with areas around the Laksefjorden. Most people live in the village of Kjøllefjord. This municipality is dominated by ethnic Norwegians, whereas the areas around the Laksefjorden are predominantly Sami. Fishing is the mainstay of the population.

The world's northernmost melkebruk (or small farm that produces milk), is in Bekkarfjord.[5]

History

The parish of Lebesby was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). In 1864, the eastern part of Lebesby that surrounds the Tanafjorden (population: 1,388) was separated to become the new municipality of Tana. Tana was later separated into Tana, Gamvik, and Berlevåg. The borders of Lebesby have remained unchanged since that time.[6]

On 1 January 2020, the municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county. Previously, it had been part of the old Finnmark county.[7]

Name

Lebesby is may be a Norwegianized form of a Northern Sami name Leaibbessiida. The first element is then derived from leaibi which means "alder" and the last element is siida which means "dwelling place" (Norwegian: by). The other possible option is that Lebesby is a corruption of the Old Norse Liðvarðsbýr. That name is made up of Liðvarð, a man's name, and býr which also means "dwelling place" (Norwegian: by).[8][9]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 22 July 1988. The official blazon is "Per fess embattled grady with three steps and two peaks Or and Sable" (Norwegian: Delt av gult og svart ved tredobbelt tindesnitt med to tinder). This means the arms have a field (background) that is divided by a line that is "embattled grady". A line embattled grady consists of series of two or three steps, as if each merlon has a smaller merlon atop it. The field below the line has a tincture of sable and the field above the line has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. The idea is that the arms represent the Finnkirka ("the Finn Church"), a cliff by the sea in the municipality. This cliff formation has the appearance of a church, and in former times was used by Sami people as a place of sacrifice. The arms were designed by Arvid Sveen.[10][11][12]

Geography
View of the Finnkirka mountain

The municipality consists of the areas around the Laksefjorden, including the eastern part of the Sværholt Peninsula and the western half of the Nordkinn Peninsula. At the entrance to the Kjøllefjorden at the northwestern tip of the Nordkinn Peninsula, one finds the spectacular Finnkirka sea cliff, so named because of its soaring spires that look like a church. On the other side of the Oksefjorden on the northern end of the peninsula, the Kinnarodden cape (shared with the municipality of Gamvik) is the northernmost point on the European mainland. There are several large lakes in the municipality including Kjæsvannet, Store Måsvannet, and Suolojávri.

Birdlife

The same seacliffs mentioned above hold large numbers of breeding seabirds. In fact Norway's third largest seabird colony can be found in the municipality. Experiencing a seabird colony is one of nature's great experiences, here you can see and listen to thousands of birds with such species as fulmar and Atlantic puffin being a part of a fascinating ecosystem.

Flora

The world's northernmost birch forest is located in this municipality, near Oksefjorden, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) east of Kjøllefjord (70°58′N 27°34′E).[13]

Climate
Climate data for Lebesby
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.8
(19.8)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 −4.5
(23.9)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 3.5
(38.3)		 8.0
(46.4)		 11.0
(51.8)		 10.2
(50.4)		 6.5
(43.7)		 1.7
(35.1)		 −2.3
(27.9)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 1.2
(34.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 44
(1.7)		 36
(1.4)		 30
(1.2)		 29
(1.1)		 28
(1.1)		 38
(1.5)		 57
(2.2)		 54
(2.1)		 58
(2.3)		 59
(2.3)		 45
(1.8)		 42
(1.7)		 520
(20.5)
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[14]

Government

All municipalities in Norway, including Lebesby, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor.[15] The municipality falls under the Øst-Finnmark District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Lebesby is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the council is as follows:

Lebesby kommunestyre 2020–2023 [16]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
 Lebesby Cross-Party List (Lebesby Tverrpolitiske liste)2
Total number of members:17
Lebesby kommunestyre 2016–2019 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
 Lebesby Cross-Party List (Lebesby Tverrpolitiske liste)5
Total number of members:17
Lebesby kommunestyre 2012–2015 [18]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
 Non-Socialist Common List (Borgerlig Fellesliste)6
Total number of members:17
Lebesby kommunestyre 2008–2011 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
Total number of members:17
Lebesby kommunestyre 2004–2007 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 4
Total number of members:17
Lebesby kommunestyre 2000–2003 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 9
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
Total number of members:17
Lebesby kommunestyre 1996–1999 [19]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 10
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 5
 Dyfjord Village List (Dyfjord Bygdeliste)1
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1992–1995 [20]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 5
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1988–1991 [21]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1984–1987 [22]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1980–1983 [23]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 1
  Joint list of the Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) and the Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1976–1979 [24]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 1
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1972–1975 [25]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 17
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1968–1971 [26]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 4
Total number of members:21
Lebesby kommunestyre 1964–1967 [27]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 3
Total number of members:21
Lebesby herredsstyre 1960–1963 [28]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 4
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 3
Total number of members:21
Lebesby herredsstyre 1956–1959 [29]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 1
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 4
Total number of members:19
Lebesby herredsstyre 1952–1955 [30]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 1
Total number of members:16
Lebesby herredsstyre 1948–1951 [31]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 2
Total number of members:16
Lebesby herredsstyre 1945–1947 [32]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 5
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 8
Total number of members:16
Lebesby herredsstyre 1938–1941* [33]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 1
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 6
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 1
Total number of members:16
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

The mayors of Lebesby (incomplete list):

  • 2019–present: Sigurd Rafaelsen (Ap)
  • 2010-2019: Stine Akselsen (Ap)

Culture

Churches

The Church of Norway has two parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Lebesby. It is part of the Hammerfest prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.

Churches in Lebesby
Parish (sokn)Church nameLocation of the churchYear built
KjøllefjordKjøllefjord ChurchKjøllefjord1951
LebesbyLebesby ChurchLebesby1962
Kunes ChapelKunes1982

Notable people

References
  1. "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  4. Statistisk sentralbyrå. "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  5. Helga Pedersen. "Samvirke virker". 17 November 2020. Klassekampen. P. 2. "verdens nordligste melkebruk"
  6. Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  7. Mæhlum, Lars, ed. (24 December 2019). "Troms og Finnmark". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  8. Rygh, Oluf (1924). Norske gaardnavne: Finmarkens amt (in Norwegian) (18 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 214.
  9. Store norske leksikon. "Lebesby" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 22 February 2013.
  10. "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  11. "Lebesby, Finmark". Flags of the World. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  12. "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 22 July 1988. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  13. "Verdens nordligste skog" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  14. "eKlima Web Portal". Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original on 14 June 2004.
  15. Hansen, Tore, ed. (12 May 2016). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  16. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Troms og Finnmark". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  17. "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  18. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Finnmark". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  19. "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  20. "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  21. "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  22. "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  23. "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  24. "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  25. "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  26. "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  27. "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  28. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  29. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  30. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  31. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  32. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  33. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  34. IMDb Database retrieved 17 August 2020

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