Coryell County, Texas

Coryell County (/ˈkɔːrjɛl/ KOR-yel)[1] is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 83,093.[2][3] The county seat is Gatesville.[4] The county is named for James Coryell, a frontiersman and Texas Ranger who was killed by Caddo Indians.

Coryell County
County
The Coryell County Courthouse in Gatesville, Texas. The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 18, 1977.
The Coryell County Courthouse in Gatesville, Texas. The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 18, 1977.
Map of Texas highlighting Coryell County
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 31°23′N 97°48′W
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1854
SeatGatesville
Largest cityCopperas Cove
Area
 • Total1,057 sq mi (2,740 km2)
 • Land1,052 sq mi (2,720 km2)
 • Water4.7 sq mi (12 km2)  0.4%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total83,093
 • Density79/sq mi (30/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district31st
Websitewww.coryellcounty.org

Coryell County is part of the Killeen–Temple metropolitan statistical area.

History

Habitation of Coryell County dates as far back as 4500 BC. The Tonkawa, Lipan Apache, Kiowa, and Comanche were among the tribes who migrated through the area at various periods.[5] When the General Colonization Law went into effect in 1824, followed by the 1825 State Colonization Law of Coahuila y Tejas, Robert Leftwich obtained a grant to settle 800 families in Texas.[6][7] The grant went through several legal challenges, and later became Robertson's Colony, named for Sterling C. Robertson. The grant encompassed all or parts of 30 present-day Texas counties.[8] Settlers began moving into the area after Fort Gates was established at Gatesville. The Texas state legislature created the county in 1854, naming it after Texas Ranger James Coryell.[5][9] Originally, Coryell was to be named Pierce County, but the name was changed after James Coryell's death at the hands of Caddo Indians.[9]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,057 square miles (2,740 km2), of which 4.7 sq mi (12 km2) (0.4%) are covered by water.[10]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870412—
188010,9242,551.5%
189016,87354.5%
190021,30826.3%
191021,7031.9%
192020,601−5.1%
193019,999−2.9%
194020,2261.1%
195016,284−19.5%
196023,96147.1%
197035,31147.4%
198056,76760.8%
199064,21313.1%
200074,97816.8%
201075,3880.5%
202083,09310.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1850–2010[12] 2010[13] 2020[14]
Coryell County, Texas - Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race / Ethnicity Pop 2010[13] Pop 2020[14] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 46,776 46,213 62.05% 55.62%
Black or African American alone (NH) 11,450 11,760 15.19% 14.15%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 439 414 0.58% 0.50%
Asian alone (NH) 1,332 1,816 1.77% 2.19%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 632 1,041 0.84% 1.25%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 191 389 0.25% 0.47%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) 2,595 4,978 3.44% 5.99%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 11,973 16,482 15.88% 19.84%
Total 75,388 83,093 100.00% 100.00%

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

As of the census[15] of 2000, 74,978 people, 19,950 households, and 15,780 families were residing in the county. The population density was 71 people per square mile (27 people/km2). The 21,776 housing units averaged 21 per square mile (8.1/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 65.28% White, 21.80% African American, 0.88% Native American, 1.75% Asian, 0.49% Pacific Islander, 6.26% from other races, and 3.54% from two or more races. About 12.57% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.

Of the 19,950 households, 47.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.80% were married couples living together, 11.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.90% were not families. About 16.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.91, and the average family size was 3.27.

In the county, the age distribution was 26.20% under 18, 17.90% from 18 to 24, 36.30% from 25 to 44, 13.80% from 45 to 64, and 5.70% who were 65 or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,999, and for a family was $38,307. Males had a median income of $24,236 versus $21,186 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,410. About 7.80% of families and 9.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.30% of those under age 18 and 9.00% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure

Of the eight Texas Department of Criminal Justice general correctional facilities for women, which include five prisons and three state jails,[16] five of the units,[17] including four prisons and one state jail,[16] are in the City of Gatesville.[17][18]

The Christina Crain Unit prison (formerly Gatesville Unit),[19] the Hilltop Unit prison,[20] the Dr. Lane Murray Unit prison,[21] and the Linda Woodman Unit state jail are co-located among one another.[22] In addition the Mountain View Unit, a prison with the State of Texas female death row, is in Gatesville.[23] One male prison, the Alfred D. Hughes Unit, is in Gatesville.[24]

Mountain View opened in July 1975,[23] Crain opened in August 1980,[19] Hilltop opened in November 1981,[20] and Hughes opened in January 1990.[24] Murray opened in November 1995,[21] and Woodman opened in June 1997.[22] In 1995, of the counties in Texas, Coryell had the third-highest number of state prisons and jails, after Walker and Brazoria.[25]

Politics
United States presidential election results for Coryell County, Texas[26]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No. %No. %No. %
2020 15,438 65.71% 7,565 32.20% 490 2.09%
2016 12,225 66.98% 5,064 27.74% 964 5.28%
2012 11,220 67.57% 5,158 31.06% 226 1.36%
2008 11,550 63.00% 6,619 36.11% 163 0.89%
2004 12,421 70.47% 5,122 29.06% 82 0.47%
2000 10,321 68.41% 4,493 29.78% 273 1.81%
1996 7,143 51.23% 5,300 38.01% 1,501 10.76%
1992 6,144 42.93% 4,157 29.05% 4,011 28.03%
1988 7,461 64.17% 4,026 34.63% 140 1.20%
1984 9,056 74.24% 3,113 25.52% 30 0.25%
1980 5,494 55.38% 4,097 41.30% 329 3.32%
1976 4,140 46.37% 4,710 52.75% 79 0.88%
1972 5,077 79.75% 1,235 19.40% 54 0.85%
1968 1,698 28.99% 2,987 51.00% 1,172 20.01%
1964 877 19.22% 3,679 80.61% 8 0.18%
1960 1,477 35.23% 2,700 64.41% 15 0.36%
1956 1,509 38.86% 2,372 61.09% 2 0.05%
1952 1,658 40.52% 2,432 59.43% 2 0.05%
1948 310 11.23% 2,350 85.11% 101 3.66%
1944 413 13.07% 2,518 79.71% 228 7.22%
1940 549 14.82% 3,155 85.16% 1 0.03%
1936 150 6.75% 2,064 92.85% 9 0.40%
1932 191 5.39% 3,347 94.52% 3 0.08%
1928 1,123 46.21% 1,306 53.74% 1 0.04%
1924 429 12.66% 2,890 85.28% 70 2.07%
1920 444 16.31% 1,542 56.65% 736 27.04%
1916 188 9.10% 1,802 87.26% 75 3.63%
1912 67 4.73% 1,271 89.76% 78 5.51%

Communities

Cities

Towns

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

See also

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on August 18, 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Coryell County, Texas". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2022.
  3. "Coryell County, Texas". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  4. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 9, 2015. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  5. Smyrl, Vivian Elizabeth. "Coryell County". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  6. Barker, Eugene C. "Mexican Colonization Laws". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  7. Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1891). Spanish institutions of the Southwest. The Johns Hopkins Press. pp. 312, 313.
  8. McLean, Malcolm D. "Robertson's Colony". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  9. Hyman, Carolyn. "James Coryell". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  10. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
  11. "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". US Census Bureau.
  12. "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
  13. "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Coryell County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  14. "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Coryell County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  15. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  16. "Unit Directory Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  17. Gately, Paul "Former Downtown Waco Executive Director Moved to Gatesville Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine." KWTX-TV. November 22, 2008. Retrieved on May 20, 2010.
  18. "Gatesville city, Texas Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  19. "Crain Unit Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  20. "Hilltop Unit Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  21. "Murray Unit Archived July 25, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  22. "Woodman Unit Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  23. "Mountain View Unit Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  24. "Hughes Unit Archived 2011-02-19 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
  25. Horswell, Cindy. "For hard-hit economy of Liberty County, crime officially pays." Houston Chronicle. Thursday June 29, 1995. A30. Retrieved on July 23, 2010.
  26. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved July 20, 2018.

31.39°N 97.80°W / 31.39; -97.80

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