Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant

Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant is a nuclear power plant located just north of the city of Bridgman, Michigan which is part of Berrien County, on a 650-acre (260 ha) site 11 miles south of St. Joseph, Michigan, United States. The plant is owned by American Electric Power (AEP) and operated by Indiana Michigan Power, an AEP subsidiary. It has two nuclear reactors and is currently the company's only nuclear power plant.

Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant
Plant as seen from visitors section looking towards Unit 1 and the steam turbine building.
CountryUnited States
LocationLake Township, Berrien County, near Bridgman, Michigan
Coordinates41°58′32″N 86°33′55″W
StatusOperational
Construction beganMarch 25, 1969 (1969-03-25)
Commission dateUnit 1: August 28, 1975
Unit 2: July 1, 1978
Construction cost$3.352 billion (2007 USD)[1]
Owner(s)American Electric Power
Operator(s)Indiana Michigan Power
Nuclear power station
Reactor typePWR
Reactor supplierWestinghouse
Cooling sourceLake Michigan
Thermal capacity1 × 3304 MWth
1 × 3468 MWth
Power generation
Units operational1 × 1045 MW
1 × 1168 MW
Make and modelWH 4-loop (ICECDN)
Nameplate capacity2213 MW
Capacity factor90.75% (2017)
69.90% (lifetime)
Annual net output17,953 GWh (2021)
External links
WebsiteCook Nuclear Plant (plant website)
Cook Nuclear Plant (IMP page)
CommonsRelated media on Commons

The construction cost of the power plant was $3.352 billion (2007 USD).[2] The plant is capable of producing 2.2 GW of electricity, enough to meet the needs of a city with 1.25 million people. Actual production averages about 1.6 GW

The plant is connected to the power grid via one 765 kV line that goes from the plant to AEP's DuMont substation near Lakeville, Indiana and by numerous 345 kV lines, two of which interconnect with METC, connecting with the Palisades Nuclear Generating Station, owned by Entergy.

License expiration and renewal

The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission renewed the operating licenses of both reactors on August 30, 2005. With the renewal, Unit One's operating license will expire in 2034 while Unit Two's will expire in 2037.[3] The units were initially licensed for forty years from their operational date.

Electricity Generation

Donald C. Cook generated 17,953 GWh in 2021.

Generation (MWh) of Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant[4]
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual (Total)
2001 1,393,943 1,303,796 1,534,739 1,490,105 1,560,999 1,463,499 1,417,982 1,330,691 6,821 1,235,222 1,488,958 1,597,552 15,824,307
2002 1,167,290 695,071 1,522,222 1,469,190 596,703 1,066,701 1,354,047 1,447,552 1,474,853 1,554,710 1,517,887 1,562,297 15,428,523
2003 1,069,728 1,055,888 1,590,347 1,179,481 61,859 943,960 1,556,300 1,114,527 1,523,405 1,237,973 833,018 1,516,770 13,683,256
2004 1,503,522 1,500,821 1,487,251 1,136,748 1,586,127 1,514,819 1,535,744 1,544,700 1,510,810 777,901 1,061,924 1,609,559 16,769,926
2005 1,552,286 1,454,410 1,443,672 860,613 1,583,840 1,464,620 1,535,292 1,535,658 1,414,533 1,581,049 1,441,522 1,603,888 17,471,383
2006 1,604,110 1,445,388 1,380,587 743,842 1,387,073 1,520,382 1,496,692 1,453,352 1,006,586 822,079 1,183,827 1,641,000 15,684,918
2007 1,641,706 1,480,252 1,637,337 1,572,364 1,600,872 1,524,334 1,542,872 1,504,545 1,071,913 780,852 1,375,467 1,644,642 17,377,156
2008 1,624,620 1,426,242 1,446,495 800,379 1,576,397 1,524,392 1,545,774 1,399,867 1,260,149 811,883 797,760 822,328 15,036,286
2009 818,864 744,726 615,838 0 635,802 791,142 660,359 580,326 770,762 817,172 799,674 1,091,726 8,326,391
2010 1,596,276 1,439,754 849,774 1,294,540 1,412,456 1,495,430 1,525,132 1,532,604 1,502,274 874,108 728,352 1,395,355 15,646,055
2011 1,598,138 1,425,218 1,428,185 1,544,848 1,591,060 1,523,302 1,552,328 1,540,854 1,160,312 920,396 1,500,922 1,572,674 17,358,237
2012 1,647,396 1,535,264 1,319,849 816,273 1,562,809 1,541,860 1,528,340 1,536,096 1,509,394 1,574,498 1,508,656 1,638,774 17,719,209
2013 1,652,982 1,492,610 1,489,442 811,197 1,097,356 1,556,374 1,500,903 1,566,534 1,499,799 794,732 1,201,696 1,616,540 16,280,165
2014 1,648,704 1,479,874 1,630,482 1,568,924 1,613,245 1,532,622 1,519,112 1,558,137 1,288,774 984,776 1,156,949 1,649,193 17,630,792
2015 1,644,083 1,491,480 1,428,961 824,804 1,600,116 797,019 855,871 1,536,900 1,516,418 1,624,130 1,553,464 811,474 15,684,720
2016 1,654,236 1,547,486 1,382,822 842,300 1,618,722 1,538,035 1,280,391 1,531,445 1,520,332 861,068 771,196 811,730 15,359,763
2017 1,574,389 1,550,962 1,714,802 1,645,244 1,695,698 1,587,398 1,614,184 1,596,469 1,110,420 888,669 904,760 1,709,006 17,592,001
2018 1,716,898 1,514,348 812,208 786,418 1,312,259 1,595,861 1,625,484 1,609,133 1,596,604 1,670,464 1,651,264 1,719,871 17,610,812
2019 1,722,532 1,513,258 988,168 870,461 1,304,989 1,613,692 1,495,641 1,629,686 1,468,506 774,982 1,071,999 1,703,934 16,157,848
2020 1,704,552 1,587,462 1,646,092 1,576,920 1,388,766 1,602,890 1,615,226 1,608,818 1,126,461 1,056,684 1,649,916 1,702,858 18,266,645
2021 1,708,554 1,541,300 1,689,100 1,185,663 1,063,159 1,370,410 1,245,009 1,579,102 1,582,426 1,653,862 1,633,797 1,701,602 17,953,984
2022 1,710,596 1,541,022 1,680,776 879,010 907,276 1,588,186 1,597,776 1,521,632 1,420,682 792,885 13,639,841
2023

Surrounding population

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines two emergency planning zones around nuclear power plants: a plume exposure pathway zone with a radius of 10 miles (16 km), concerned primarily with exposure to, and inhalation of, airborne radioactive contamination, and an ingestion pathway zone of about 50 miles (80 km), concerned primarily with ingestion of food and liquid contaminated by radioactivity.[5]

The 2010 U.S. population within 10 miles (16 km) of D.C. Cook was 54,638, an increase of 3.4 percent in a decade, according to an analysis of U.S. Census data for msnbc.com. The 2010 U.S. population within 50 miles (80 km) was 1,225,096, an increase of 2.8 percent since 2000. Cities within 50 miles include South Bend, IN (26 miles to city center), Michigan City, IN, St. Joseph, MI, and Kalamazoo, MI.[6]

Visitors center

The plant has a visitors center that was open to the public six days a week on a drop in basis. Since the attacks of September 11, however, the plant is open only to school groups by reservation. The visitors center features a 26-foot (7.9 m) animated model demonstrating how the plant operates. The visitors center closed permanently in 2020.

Ownership

The plant is operated by the Indiana Michigan Power Company and owned by American Electric Power.

Incidents
  • In 1976 two workers were killed in a recirculation pit (sump) by asphyxiation from argon inerting gas used to support welding on stainless steel piping.[7]
  • July 13, 1990 one person was killed by electrocution and three others suffered severe burn injuries from a 4kv switchgear explosion.
  • In September, 1997, both units were shut down for approximately three years when, as a result of NRC inspections in the engineering area, it became unclear whether emergency core cooling systems could perform their intended functions in the event of a design basis accident.[8]
  • In 1998 the NRC imposed a $500,000 civil penalty for 37 regulatory violations, mostly concerning the containment ice condenser used in responding to some loss-of-coolant accidents.[9]
  • On May 12, 2002, Unit 2 was automatically shut down due to the failure of both redundant DC power supplies in the Reactor Control & Instrumentation System. Due to inadequate corrective actions, the same event occurred on February 5, 2003.[10]
  • A transformer fire caused an automatic shutdown of Unit 1 in 2003 and release of cooling oil to Lake Michigan.[11]
  • A massive intrusion of fish caused both units to be manually shut down for several weeks on April 24, 2003. Due to the degradation in Essential Service Water flow to the plants' Emergency Diesel Generators, the site entered the Emergency Plan at the Alert level. The Alert was exited approximately 25 hours later.[12]
  • On September 20, 2008 unit 1's main turbine and generator were damaged by severe turbine vibrations caused by broken low-pressure turbine blades.[13] A fire also broke out in the generator of Unit 1. No radiation was released and Unit 2 continued to operate at full power.[14][15]
  • The plant's Unit 2 reactor was shut on October 12, 2020. American Electric Power Company Inc. said service was suspended from the 1,168 megawatt (MW) unit when it tripped due to lowering water level in one of the plant’s four steam generators.
  • In the late night hours of June 22, 2021, operators discovered a leak in a high pressure steam line providing non-radioactive steam to the low pressure turbines of unit 2. The leak appeared to grow larger as it was monitored, leading to a manual shutdown of unit 2. A plant spokesman stated that an assessment is underway to determine the cause of the steam leak and develop a repair timeline, however, I&M does not release return-to-service projection information for generation units for competitive reasons. Meanwhile, unit 1 continued to operate at full capacity with no interruption of power to customers.[16][17]
  • An "unusual event" was detected at 10:44 A.M on January 6, 2022. According to an alert from the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, a potential fire was detected, but there was no fire.[18]

Seismic risk

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission's estimate of the risk each year of an earthquake intense enough to cause core damage to the reactor at D.C. Cook was 1 in 83,333, according to an NRC study updated in June 2018.[19]<[20]

Additional information
 Unit 1Unit 2
Reactor typePressurized water
Reactor manufacturerWestinghouse
Turbine manufacturerGeneral ElectricBrown Boveri
Generation capacity1,020 megawatts1,090 megawatts
Transmission system connection345,000 volts765,000 volts
Construction beganMarch 1, 1969
Grid connectionFebruary 10, 1975March 22, 1978
Operational dateAugust 27, 1975July 1, 1978
Expiration of original licenseOctober 25, 2014December 23, 2017
Expiration of renewed license20342037

See also

References
  1. "EIA - State Nuclear Profiles". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  2. "State Nuclear Profiles archive". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  3. "Releases". www.aep.com. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  4. "Electricity Data Browser". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
  5. NRC: Backgrounder on Emergency Preparedness at Nuclear Power Plants Archived October 2, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  6. Bill Dedman, Nuclear neighbors: Population rises near US reactors, NBC News, April 14, 2011 http://www.nbcnews.com/id/42555888 Accessed May 1, 2011.
  7. "Information Notice No. 85-87: Hazards of Inerting Atmospheres". NRC Web. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  8. NRC doc: Tran-M119830: Briefing on D.C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant Public Meeting, November 30, 1998
  9. Dave Lochbaum (23 August 2016). "UCS Causes Meltdowns at US Nuclear Reactors (no, really)". Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  10. "Reactor Oversight Process (ROP)". NRC Web. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  11. "Releases". www.aep.com. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  12. "Archived copy" (PDF). www.nuclear.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. "World Nuclear Association - World Nuclear News". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  14. staff, 24 Hour News 8 web (25 September 2015). "ArtPrize Adventures: Heartside pub art crawl".
  15. "Kalamazoo News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News". WWMT. 25 June 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  16. "Cook Plant Unit 2 Taken Offline Overnight, Triggered by Steam Line Leak Discovery".
  17. "Cook Plant Unit 2 Taken Offline For Repairs | News/Talk/Sports 94.9 WSJM".
  18. "Southwest Michigan nuclear plant on Lake Michigan shoreline has 'unusual event'". mlive. 2022-01-07. Archived from the original on 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
  19. Bill Dedman, "What are the odds? US nuke plants ranked by quake risk," NBC News, March 17, 2011 http://www.nbcnews.com/id/42103936/ns/world_news-asia_pacific/t/what-are-odds-us-nuke-plants-ranked-quake-risk/ Retrieved February 21, 2019.
  20. "Seismic Reviews at U.S. Nuclear Power Plants" (PDF). nrc.gov. Retrieved 25 June 2023.

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