Humboldt Bay Nuclear Power Plant

The Humboldt Bay Power Plant, Unit 3 was a 63 MWe nuclear boiling water reactor, owned by Pacific Gas and Electric Company that operated from August 1963 to July 1976 just south of Eureka, California.

Humboldt Bay Nuclear Power Plant
Humboldt Bay Nuclear Power Plant as seen from Humboldt Hill
CountryUnited States
LocationHumboldt County, near Eureka, California
Coordinates40°44′28.76″N 124°12′32.56″W
StatusDecommissioned
Construction beganUnit 3: November 10, 1960 (1960-11-10)
Commission dateUnit 3: August 1963
Decommission dateUnit 3: September 30, 2020 (2020-09-30)
Owner(s)Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Operator(s)Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Nuclear power station
Reactors1
Reactor typeBWR
Reactor supplierGeneral Electric
Cooling sourcePacific Ocean
Thermal capacity220 MWth[1]
Power generation
Units decommissioned1 x 65 MW
External links
CommonsRelated media on Commons

History

On Monday, January 23, 1961, Pacific Gas and Electric held a luncheon to invite the community to observe the start of the major construction of the nuclear unit.[2]

It was shut down for refueling and seismic upgrades in July 1976, which dragged on due to changing requirements. Concern about previously undiscovered seismic faults combined with more stringent requirements required after the Three Mile Island accident rendered the small plant unprofitable if restarted.

Missing fuel rods

In 2004 Pacific Gas and Electric announced that three nuclear fuel rods were unaccounted for due to conflicting records of their location. The fuel rods were never accounted for, though PG&E investigators believed at the time that they were still onsite in the spent fuel storage pool. The investigation is believed to have cost one million dollars.[3]

Decommissioning

Unit 3 was permanently shutdown on 2 July 1976.[1] PG&E announced plans to shutter the plant in 1983, and it was then placed in SAFSTOR inactive status in 1988.

In December 2003, PG&E submitted a license application for a spent fuel storage facility, which was issued in November 2005. In December 2008, PG&E finished moving the spent nuclear fuel into dry cask storage on site.[4] The dismantlement of the nuclear unit began in 2010 along with the two original fossil-fuel-powered steam-turbine generators on site. The plant's power was replaced by an array of modern, multi-fuel Wärtsilä reciprocating engine-generators in late 2010. The complete dismantlement of Humboldt Bay Power Plant is expected to finish in 2018.

Humboldt Bay Nuclear Reactors During Operation

In the 2012 Nuclear Decommissioning Cost Triennial Proceeding (NDCTP) of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC), PG&E requested approval to expend additional funds to remove more of the subterranean unit. As of 2009, PG&E planned to leave in place all HBPP3 structures three feet or more below grade (except for the Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) pool), including the concrete caisson surrounding the reactor vessel. In 2012, PG&E concluded that complete removal of the reactor caisson, and containment by a cement slurry wall, is the only appropriate alternative to meet NRC standards for remediating C-14 contamination. Currently, used fuel rods are being stored 44 feet above sea level in containers with very heavy lids. These containers are filled with helium, an inert gas, and will remain onsite so long as Congress and the Department of Energy does not comply with its agreement under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. According to the NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission), the dry casks are safe for at least 60 years beyond their licensing agreement.[5]

Based on PG&E's schedule of planned decommissioning activities, which incorporates various assumptions, including approval of its proposed new scope, decommissioning of the Unit 3 site was expected to conclude in 2019.[6]

Between 2010 and about 2018, the facility was completely decontaminated and dismantled after being some 20 year in SAFSTOR.[4] A license termination was issued in October 2021 and the site released for unrestricted use. A new license was issued for an on-site storage facility for the spent fuel. PG&E remains responsible for safely decommissioning the storage facility site after disposal of the fuel.[7]

References
  1. https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=599 Humboldt Bay Permanent Shutdown]. IAEA PRIS
  2. "Invitation to Opening Ceremony". Humboldt County Collection, Humboldt Bay Power Plant-1960s
  3. "EUREKA / PG&E suspects 'missing' nuclear fuel rods never left". 24 February 2005.
  4. https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/humboldt-bay-nuclear-power-plant-unit-3.html Humboldt Bay]. U.S.NRC, update 24 March 2022
  5. Evans, Barry. "Nuke News". North Coast Journal. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  6. http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M088/K640/88640387.PDF Decision D1402024 - Adopts Phase 1 of the Triennial Review of Nuclear Decommissioning Costs and Activities as related to Huboldt Bay Power Plant Unit 3
  7. NRC Terminates Humboldt Bay Nuclear Power Plant License. NRC, 18 Nov 2021


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