Eola-Amity Hills AVA

The Eola-Amity Hills AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Polk County and Yamhill County, Oregon. It is entirely contained within the Willamette Valley AVA, and stretches from the city of Amity in the north to Salem in the south. The Eola and Amity[4] hills cover an area west of the Willamette River approximately 15 miles (24 km) long by 6 miles (10 km) wide. The Eola-Amity Hills area benefits from steady winds off the Pacific Ocean that reach the Willamette Valley through the Van Duzer Corridor, a gap in the Oregon Coast Range, moderating the summer temperatures. The Eola Hills were named after the community of Eola, whose name was derived from Aeolus, the Greek god of the winds.[5]

Eola-Amity Hills AVA
Wine region
Eola Hills north of Dallas in Polk County
TypeAmerican Viticultural Area
Year established2006[1]
CountryUnited States
Part ofOregon, Willamette Valley AVA
Other regions in Oregon, Willamette Valley AVAChehalem Mountains AVA, Dundee Hills AVA, Laurelwood District AVA, Lower Long Tom AVA, McMinnville AVA, Ribbon Ridge AVA, Tualatin Hills AVA, Van Duzer Corridor AVA, Yamhill-Carlton District AVA
Climate regionMaritime[2]
Total area37,900 acres (15,338 ha)[3]
Size of planted vineyards1,244 acres (503 ha)[3]
No. of vineyards95
No. of wineries25[2]

Climate and geography
Pinot noir from the Zena Crown vineyard in the Eola-Amity Hills.

The Eola-Amity Hills has around 2,400 acres (971 ha) of the area's 39,045 acres (15,801 ha) planted to grape vines.[6] Like most of the Willamette Valley, the Eola-Amity Hills experiences a maritime climate that includes mild winters but summers that are cooler and wetter than the continental climate experienced by Washington State's wine regions to the north and the Mediterranean climate experienced by many of California's wine regions to the south. The climate is influenced by the Pacific currents that escape through the Van Duzer corridor gap between the Oregon Coastal Range and the Cascade range to the east which keeps many weather currents from going much further east.[7] Through the Van Duzer, cool Pacific air comes more than 30 miles from the west in the afternoon to cool down the region, allowing the grapes to retain higher levels of acidity.[8]

The majority of the year's rainfall comes between October and April with the peak months of growing season being relatively dry. However, harvest time in late September and October can bring the hazard of rain, grape rot and dilution caused by the vines absorbing too much water from the wet soils and funneling that into the grape berries. Additionally, migrating birds heading south for the winter will often prey upon ripening grape clusters as a food source.[7]

A vineyard block at Bethel Heights in the Eola-Amity Hills AVA.

The vineyard soils of the Eola-Amity hills include volcanic soils and shallow nekia series over ancient basalt beds.[8] Throughout the AVA are soil deposits left over from the Missoula floods.[9]

Vineyards

First registered as an independent AVA in 2006, the Eola-Amity Hills AVAs include several notable vineyards that have been provided grapes to wineries in other Oregon AVAs for years. One of the first vineyards planted in the region was Bethel Heights Vineyard, northwest of Salem, planted by pioneer grape grower, Victor Winquist, in 1977.[10] Among the Eola-Amity Hills vineyards that will appear on vineyard designated wines include Temperance Hill Vineyard with 100 acres located northwest of Salem, Zenith Vineyard that was first planted in 1982; Zena Crown located centrally in the Eola-Amity Hills with 83.5 acres that were first planted in 2003.

There are 95 vineyards and 26 wineries with 20 tasting rooms in the Eola-Amity Hills AVA. Pinot noir is the most widely planted variety with over 1,721 acres; there are 66.4 acres of Chardonnay; 48 acres of Pinot gris and platings of Riesling, Muscat, Syrah, Dolcetto, Tempranillo, Auxerrois, Viognier, Pinot blanc, Gewürztraminer and Carmine - each less than 10 planted acres.[6]

In 2013, Jackson Family Wines announced it had purchased the Zena East and Zena Middle vineyards, consisting of 42.5 acres (17.2 ha) of Pinot noir grapes; the purchase was part of the "first large-scale acquisition of Oregon vineyard lands by a California winemaker."[11][12]

References
  1. "§ 9.202 Eola-Amity Hills" (Title 27: Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms; Part 9 — American Viticultural Areas; Subpart C — Approved American Viticultural Areas). Code of Federal Regulations. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  2. "Eola-Amity Hills Wine". Wine Searcher.
  3. "Establishment of the Eola-Amity Hills Viticultural Area (2002R-216P)" (27 CFR 9 71 FR 40400). Federal Register. Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. July 17, 2006. pp. 40400–40404. Retrieved May 20, 2020.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Amity Hills
  5. McArthur, Lewis A.; Lewis L. McArthur (2003) [1928]. Oregon Geographic Names (7th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 333. ISBN 0-87595-277-1.
  6. "Eola - Amity Hills". EveryVine.com. April 29, 2013. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015.
  7. Robinson, J., ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 495–496. ISBN 0-19-860990-6.
  8. Wine Press Northwest "Oregon: Eola-Amity Hills Archived July 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine" March 14th, 2009
  9. H. Johnson & J. Robinson The World Atlas of Wine pg 292 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 ISBN 1-84000-332-4
  10. Haeger, John Winthrop (2008). Pacific Pinot noir. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. pp. 51–53. ISBN 978-0-520-25317-9.
  11. Tims, Dana (March 15, 2013). "California wine giant confirms purchase of prime Oregon vineyard lands". The Oregonian. Retrieved March 16, 2013. The company, based in Napa, announced it has paid an undisclosed amount of money for a total of 392 acres. Three parcels are involved, the company said. The Zena East and Zena Middle vineyards total 42.5 acres planted with Pinot noir grapes. They are located in the Eola-Amity Hills growing area. Maple Grove, a third, far larger parcel of 350 acres, is farther south in the foothills near Dallas. It is developed and fully trellised, but not yet planted.
  12. Cole, Katherine (March 13, 2013). "Jackson Family Wines Deal in Oregon Is Imminent". Wine Spectator. Retrieved March 16, 2013. According to a source close to the negotiations, two of the properties in the deal are Zena Middle and Zena East, which together account for 164 acres of the Zena Crown vineyard in the Eola-Amity Hills. Surrounded by the estates of Bethel Heights Vineyard, Cristom and Zenith Vineyard, Zena Crown supplies fruit to wineries such as Penner-Ash Wine Cellars and is considered a highly promising site for Pinot noir....The third property, according to this source, is Maple Grove Vineyard, a 655-acre former Christmas-tree farm southwest of Monmouth, Ore.... Sources say that 50 acres of the property have been trellised but not planted with vines, with an additional 300 acres suitable for planting.

45.056°N 123.116°W / 45.056; -123.116

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