Esmond Knight

Esmond Penington Knight (4 May 1906 – 23 February 1987) was an English actor.[1] He had a successful stage and film career before World War II. For much of his later career Knight was half-blind. He had been badly wounded in 1941 while on active service on board HMS Prince of Wales when she fought the Bismarck at the Battle of the Denmark Strait, and remained totally blind for two years, though he later regained some sight in his right eye.[2]

Esmond Knight
Esmond Knight as Fluellen in Henry V (1944)
Born
Esmond Penington Knight

(1906-05-04)4 May 1906
East Sheen, Surrey, England
Died23 February 1987(1987-02-23) (aged 80)
London, England
Occupation(s)Actor, dialogue coach
Years active1925-1987
Spouses
Frances Clare
​
​
(m. 1929; div. 1946)​
    ​
    (m. 1946)​
    ChildrenRosalind Knight
    Military career
    Allegiance United Kingdom
    Service/branchRoyal Navy
    Years of service1940–41
    Rank Lieutenant, RNVR
    Websitehttp://www.esmondknight.org.uk/

    Childhood

    Knight was born on 4 May 1906 in East Sheen Surrey, the third son of Francis and Bertha Knight. His father was involved in the family cigar import business. He was educated at Willington Preparatory School in Putney and then Westminster School.[3]

    Early career

    He was an accomplished actor with a career spanning over half a century. He established himself in the 1920s on stage. In John Gielgud's 1930 production of Hamlet he played Rosencrantz.[4] He also appeared in films. In Romany Love (1931) he played "a swaggering gypsy who never stopped singing". For The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933), Knight and his uncle C. W. R. Knight trained the falcons used in the hunting scenes.[5] In Alfred Hitchcock's Waltzes from Vienna (1934), he played the lead role as Johann Strauss.[6] Following this, he landed a number of roles in Hollywood films. He travelled to Germany to star in Black Roses (originally Schwarze Rosen, 1935), a film about a Finnish anti-communist.[7] The film was shot in three versions, in English (as Did I Betray?), German, and French.[8] Julius Streicher visited the set during filming.[8] Thereafter Knight appeared in various film and theatre productions in Britain.[8]

    Military service

    After war was declared, Knight continued to act, appearing in Powell and Pressburger's film Contraband (1940).[9] He sought a naval commission, but after the evacuation of Dunkirk he became involved in training Local Defence Volunteers. In late 1940, he was accepted for naval training. In 1941, Knight was asked to play the lead role of fanatical Nazi Lieutenant Hirth in another Powell and Pressburger propaganda film 49th Parallel (1941), but Eric Portman took the role as Knight was required for military training. He did appear in This England (also 1941), another propaganda film.

    After completing his Naval training, Knight was appointed, with the rank of Sub-lieutenant, RNVR, to the battleship HMS Prince of Wales.[3] In 1941, the ship received orders to pursue the German battleship Bismarck and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen. In the Battle of the Denmark Strait, Knight witnessed the sinking of HMS Hood before being blinded by shrapnel. A shell fired by Bismarck either passed through the bridge of the Prince of Wales and did not explode or it exploded near the ship. Either way fragments from the ship's superstructure hit Knight in the face causing him to lose an eye and leaving the other severely damaged.

    Recuperation

    Though blind, Knight insisted that he would continue his acting career. During this period, he dictated an early autobiography to his secretary, Annabella Cloudsley, Seeking the Bubble (Hutchinson & Co. 1943).[10] Knight continued to act in radio productions. Though still totally blind, he also appeared on film, once more as a Nazi villain, in Powell and Pressburger's The Silver Fleet (1943).[11]

    During 1943, Knight received a series of treatments from Dr Vincent Nesfield designed to restore sight to his remaining eye. The treatment was a great success, restoring much of Knight's sight. The partial return of his sight made a major difference to his career. He appeared briefly in another Powell and Pressburger film, playing the roles of the village idiot and the "Seven Sisters Soldier" in A Canterbury Tale (1944), also adding the voice-over reading of Chaucer.[12] His major breakthrough back into the mainstream came when he was cast as Fluellen, the brave but eccentric Welsh officer in Laurence Olivier's version of Henry V (1944).

    Later career

    Knight continued to work with Olivier and with Powell and Pressburger, appearing in the former's Shakespearean films Hamlet (1948) and Richard III (1955). For the latter, he appeared in Black Narcissus (1947) and The Red Shoes (1948).[12] He also starred in Jean Renoir's The River (1951).[13]

    Knight was the subject of a This Is Your Life episode in 1957 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at the King's Theatre in Hammersmith, London.

    In the film Sink the Bismarck! (1960), he played John Leach, the captain of HMS Prince of Wales, the ship in which he had been serving when he was blinded (though the captain is not named in the film).[14] In the same year he played Jack Cade in the BBC Shakespeare series An Age of Kings.

    He starred as Professor Ernest Reinhart in the British science fiction television series A for Andromeda (1961), alongside Patricia Kneale and Peter Halliday.[15]

    In Robin and Marian (1976), a film directed by Richard Lester, he played a blind old man who defies Richard I of England. For the role, Knight removed his glass eye.[16]

    Personal life

    Knight was married twice. He married actress Frances Clare in 1929. The couple had a daughter, actress Rosalind Knight.[17]

    During the 1930s, he had a long-running affair with Nora Swinburne, of which his wife was aware. She was also an actress who appeared with him in several stage plays. After a short-lived attempt to end the affair, Knight left Frances for Nora. The couple married in 1946 and remained together until his death.

    Death

    Knight died of a heart attack in London on 23 February 1987.

    Work

    Stage

    Filmography

    Television

    References
    1. "Esmond Knight". BFI. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012.
    2. "Defeatism Defeated – Esmond Knight Will Tread The Boards Again". powell-pressburger.org.
    3. Who Was Who 1981–1990. A & C Black Ltd, London. 1991. ISBN 0-7136-3336-0.
    4. "his life 02". esmondknight.org.uk.
    5. "his life 03". esmondknight.org.uk.
    6. "Waltzes from Vienna (1934)". BFI. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012.
    7. "Did I Betray? (1937)". BFI. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012.
    8. "his life 05". esmondknight.org.uk.
    9. BFI
    10. "His life 10".
    11. "The Silver Fleet Picturegoer March 20th, 1943". powell-pressburger.org.
    12. "BFI Screenonline: Knight, Esmond (1906–1987) Biography". screenonline.org.uk.
    13. "The River (1951)". BFI. Archived from the original on 3 August 2012.
    14. Erickson, Hal. "Esmond Knight – Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos – AllMovie". AllMovie.
    15. "'A for Andromeda': from left, Esmond Knight, Mary Morris, Julie Christie an". The Independent. 19 April 2013.
    16. "his life 18". esmondknight.org.uk.
    17. "Family for Esmond Knight". Turner Classic Movies.
    18. "Film Credits".
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