Ethoxzolamide

Ethoxzolamide (alternatively known as ethoxyzolamide) is a sulfonamide medication that functions as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.[1] It is used in the treatment of glaucoma and duodenal ulcers, and as a diuretic. It may also be used in the treatment of some forms of epilepsy.

Ethoxzolamide
Clinical data
ATC code
  • None
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding~89%
Elimination half-life2.5–5.5 hours
Identifiers
  • 6-Ethoxy-1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.006.546
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H10N2O3S2
Molar mass258.31 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=S(=O)(c1nc2ccc(OCC)cc2s1)N
  • InChI=1S/C9H10N2O3S2/c1-2-14-6-3-4-7-8(5-6)15-9(11-7)16(10,12)13/h3-5H,2H2,1H3,(H2,10,12,13) checkY
  • Key:OUZWUKMCLIBBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Pharmacology

Ethoxzolamide, a sulfonamide, inhibits carbonic anhydrase activity in proximal renal tubules to decrease reabsorption of water, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate. It also decreases carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, increasing the seizure threshold. This reduction in carbonic anhydrase also reduces the intraocular pressure in the eye by decreasing aqueous humor.

Mechanism of action

Ethoxzolamide binds and inhibits carbonic anhydrase I. Carbonic anhydrase plays an essential role in facilitating the transport of carbon dioxide and protons in the intracellular space, across biological membranes and in the layers of the extracellular space. The inhibition of this enzyme effects the balance of applicable membrane equilibrium systems.

Synthesis
Ethoxzolamide synthesis: GB 795174; J. Korman, U.S. Patent 2,868,800 (1958, 1959 both to Upjohn).

See also

References
  1. Gordon DM (July 1958). "Ethoxzolamide; a new carbonic anhydrase inhibitor". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 46 (1 Pt 1): 41–4. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(14)78070-5. PMID 13545308.
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