Exhale (Shoop Shoop)

"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" is a song by American recording artist and actress Whitney Houston, featured on the soundtrack for the film Waiting to Exhale. It was released as the lead single from the soundtrack on November 6, 1995, by Arista Records. The song was written and produced by Babyface. A mid-tempo R&B and soul ballad, composed in the key of D-flat major, the song's lyrics speak about growing up and learning to let go. The song garnered mostly positive reviews from critics, many of whom noted Houston's vocal maturity in the song.

This article is about the Whitney Houston single. For other uses, see Exhale (disambiguation).

"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)"
The face of a woman smiling. She has a brunette hair and is wearing dark-colored lip color. To the right of the image, the words "Whitney Houston" are printed, below which are the words "Exhale" and "Shoop Shoop".
Single by Whitney Houston
from the album Waiting to Exhale: Original Soundtrack Album
B-side"Dancin' on the Smooth Edge"
ReleasedNovember 6, 1995 (1995-11-06)
RecordedOctober 3, 1995
Genre
Length3:25
LabelArista
Songwriter(s)Babyface
Producer(s)Babyface
Whitney Houston singles chronology
"Something in Common"
(1993)		 "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)"
(1995)		 "Count On Me"
(1996)
Music video
"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" on YouTube

In the United States, it became the third single to debut on top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart in Billboard's history, and Houston's eleventh (and final) number one single. It was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), for shipments of one million copies. The song also reached number one in Canada and Spain, and the top 10 in Finland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Sweden. Additionally, it peaked within the top 20 in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Ireland, Norway, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. At the 39th Annual Grammy Awards, held on February 26, 1997, "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" received four nominations, including the Grammy Award for Song of the Year, and won in the category of Best R&B Song. The song also won four other awards, including a Soul Train Music Award.

The music video for the song, directed by Forest Whitaker, shows close-up scenes of Houston inter-cut with scenes from the film Waiting to Exhale. Houston performed the song at the 39th Grammy Awards ceremony, and on the HBO special Classic Whitney Live from Washington, D.C. in October 1997. It was included in the set-list of Houston's three tours and select dates of various concerts.

Background and release

In 1994, Houston signed with 20th Century Fox to play the role of Savannah Jackson in the film Waiting to Exhale, which was adapted from the novel of the same name by Terry McMillan.[1] Initially, she had no interest in recording songs for the film's soundtrack, as she wanted to concentrate on her acting. The film's director, Forest Whitaker, hired Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds to compose the film score and the accompanying soundtrack.[1] Though Babyface visited the set of the film and tried to convince her, Houston was determined not to record songs for the soundtrack. She finally agreed after hearing Babyface play one of the songs she liked.[1] In an interview with Fred Bronson, Babyface explained the development of the song:

"When Whitney first heard the song, she figured I'd lost it—I couldn't come up with words anymore. And, actually she's right. I couldn't think of anything for that particular part. It felt like it should groove there. But I knew it couldn't groove without any vocals, so I started humming along with it and that's what happened. The 'shoops' came. But they felt so good, I thought 'Why not?' It doesn't have to mean anything."[1]

Babyface produced the song,[1] and it was released as the lead single from the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack in the United Kingdom on November 6, 1995, through Arista Records;[2] in the United States, it was released the following day.[3] The B-side of the single includes four songs:[4] "Dancin' on the Smooth Edge", which was initially included as the B-side to "All the Man That I Need" (1991), "Moment of Truth", which was initially included as the B-side to "I Wanna Dance With Somebody" (1987), "Do You Hear What I Hear", which Houston recorded for the compilation A Very Special Christmas (1987), and her duet with Aretha Franklin, "It Isn't, It Wasn't, It Ain't Never Gonna Be" (1989).[4] "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" is also featured on Houston's compilation albums Whitney: The Greatest Hits (2000), Love, Whitney (2001), The Ultimate Collection (2007), The Essential Whitney Houston (2011), and I Will Always Love You: The Best of Whitney Houston (2012).[5][6]

Composition

"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" is an R&B ballad[3][4] written in the key of C-sharp major.[7] The song is set in common time with a tempo of 69 beats per minute.[7] It has the sequence of F(add9)–C/E–Dm7–C as its chord progression throughout the track, and Houston's vocals span an octave and a perfect fifth, from G3 to D5.[7] The song's instrumentation includes quiet bells and strings, and the whole arrangement is mellow.[4] According to Steve Knopper of Newsday, the bells resemble electronic Christmas bells, and Houston ad-libs "shoo-pay" over the chorus.[8] The chorus repeats the phrase "shoop de shoop".[8]

According to Bronson, the song summarizes the movie's philosophy.[1] His opinion was somewhat echoed by Ted Cox, author of the book Whitney Houston, who noted that the soothing quality of the song fitted perfectly with the mood and texture of the movie.[9] He described that the song has a "slow groove" that features the most relaxed singing of Houston's career.[9] The Miami Herald described the song as a model of "refined, easy-going soul",[10] and Kyle Anderson of MTV described it as a "smooth jam" with a "crazy-catchy groove".[11] Describing the instrumentation as "silky", Larry Flick of Billboard wrote that Houston's performance was more soulful than before, with far more "vocal colors".[12] Stephen Holden of The New York Times commented that the song is reminiscent of 1960s girl group records, and the verses speak about growing up and learning to let go.[13]

Critical reception

"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" received mostly positive reviews from music critics; most of which were positive about Houston's 'soulful' performance and vocal maturity.[9] The Atlanta Journal-Constitution viewed the song as "easy and understated".[14] Larry Flick of Billboard called it "a surprisingly understated shuffle-ballad with soul and far more interesting vocal colors than all the shrieking can provide."[12] However, Patricia Smith of The Boston Globe wrote that the "Shoop Shoop"s were "annoying".[15] Anthony Violenti of The Buffalo News gave the song a positive review, commenting that Houston's vocals were intoxicating.[16] Steve Baltin from Cash Box said it "has SMASH written all over it." He added that the song "has a soothing, gentle feel refreshingly free of Houston’s normal vocal melodramatics."[17] James Masterton for Dotmusic deemed it as "a gorgeous piece of very, very hardcore soul with Whitney adopting a breathy, understated vocal style."[18] Mike Wood from Idolator described it as a "slow-jamming gem", noting "the soothing lyrics about learning how to let go and move on: “Sometimes you laugh, sometimes you cry / Life never tells us the whens or whys.” If only we all could keep that calm in light of life's calamities."[19] Jean Rosenbluth of Los Angeles Times praised the song, saying "Houston's elegant 'Exhale (Shoop Shoop)' [...] exude[s] maturity without resorting to the relentlessly big vocals that characterize so many R&B records aiming for adult audiences."[20]

Robert Hilburn, pop music critic of Los Angeles Times, noted Babyface's achievement in the song, saying "he [Babyface] brings Houston down to earth, trading her normal vocal exuberance for convincing warmth."[21] Pan-European magazine Music & Media stated that it is "fitting Houston like a glove".[22] Alan Jones from Music Week commented that it "is one of her more insidious, gradually getting under your skin. It's a very low-key affair, with Babyface keeping Whitney's "why sing one note when you can sing 10?" and delivering a charming, sweet and effective ballad destined for a long and high chart career."[23] Steve Knopper of Newsday said that the song was "irresistibly catchy" and irritating at the same time.[8] While reviewing Houston's compilation Whitney: The Greatest Hits (2000), Christine Galera of Orlando Sentinel expressed her dislike for the song, stating the songs from Waiting to Exhale, including "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" and "Why Does It Hurt So Bad", were too mellow.[24] Rome News-Tribune noted that "'Exhale' has an easygoing, infectious charm", and that Houston "delivers a soulfully relaxed vocal."[25] Geoffrey Himes of The Washington Post wrote, "Sounding like someone who has just emptied her lungs after holding her breath a long time, Houston brings a surprisingly mature, world-weary tone to the song."[26]

"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" was voted number twenty-three on The Village Voice's 1996 Pazz & Jop critics' poll, tied with five other songs, Eels' "Novocaine for the Soul", Everything but the Girl's "Missing", Garbage's "Only Happy When It Rains", Rage Against the Machine's "Bulls on Parade", and Underworld's "Born Slippy".[27]

Awards and nominations

"Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" won Best R&B/Soul Single, Female award and was nominated for Best R&B/Soul or Rap Song of the Year at the 10th Annual Soul Train Music Awards on March 29, 1996.[28][29][30] Houston won two National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Image Awards for Outstanding Song and Outstanding Female Artist at the 27th annual ceremony, broadcast live on April 23, 1996.[31][32] The song was nominated for Best Song from a Movie at the 5th MTV Movie Awards on June 8,[33] and for Best R&B/Soul Single – Solo at the Second Annual Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards on September 9, 1996.[34] The song received four Grammy nominations―Song of the Year (Babyface), Best R&B Song (Babyface), Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media (Babyface), and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance (Houston), and won in the category of Best R&B Song, at the 39th Grammy Awards, held on February 26, 1997.[35][36] Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds won a Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI) Pop Music Award for the song at the 45th annual ceremony, held on May 13, 1997.[37]

Chart performance

In the United States, "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" debuted at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and the Hot R&B Singles chart, the issue dated November 25, 1995, with 125,000 copies sold in its first week. It became the third number-one single to do so in Billboard's history, following Michael Jackson's "You Are Not Alone" (1995) and Mariah Carey's "Fantasy" (1995).[38][39] In addition, it became Houston's 11th and seventh number one single on the Hot 100 and the Hot R&B Singles charts respectively, and was Houston's final number one hit on the Hot 100 chart.[40] The single stayed at the top of the Hot 100 for just one week, and was replaced by "One Sweet Day" by Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men. It descended to the number two position and spent 11 consecutive weeks there, from December 2, 1995, to February 10, 1996, setting the record for the longest stay in the runner-up position.[41][42][43] (That record has since been equalled by Olivia Rodrigo's "Good 4 U", in 2021,[44] and surpassed by the Kid Laroi and Justin Bieber's "Stay", in 2022.[45]) However, it had as few as 21 weeks in the Top 50. On the Hot R&B Singles chart, the single remained at the summit for eight consecutive weeks from its debut week, making it Houston's second-longest stay on the top position since "I Will Always Love You" (1992), which remained atop the chart for 11 weeks.[46] The song peaked at number five on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart, spending a total of 26 weeks on the chart.[47] The song placed at number 14 and number 18 on the 1996 Billboard year-end Hot 100 and Hot R&B Singles charts respectively.[48][49] It has sold over 1,500,000 copies in the US and was certified platinum for shipments exceeding 1,000,000 copies by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on January 3, 1996.[50][51][52] In Canada, the single entered the RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart at number 90, on November 13, 1995.[53] Eight weeks later it topped the chart and spent two weeks at the top spot, becoming Houston's eighth number-one single in Canada.[54] The song was ranked at number 20 on the RPM Year-end Top 100 Hit Tracks chart for 1996.[55]

In other countries, the single performed moderately on the chart. In the United Kingdom, it debuted at number 11 on the UK Singles Chart for the week dated November 18, 1995.[56] The next week it dropped to number sixteen before descending the charts steadily.[57] According to MTV, the single has sold about 100,000 copies in the UK.[58] In the Netherlands, "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" peaked at number seven and stayed on the chart for a total of 11 weeks.[59] It made number 79 on the Dutch Singles year-end charts.[60] In Australia, the song entered the ARIA Charts at number 30, the week dated December 10, 1995.[61] The following week, it ascended to its peak position of number 18, before descending the charts.[61] In Switzerland, "Exhale" debuted at number 16, the week dated December 10, 1995.[62] Three weeks later, it peaked at number 13.[62] The song fell to number 16 the next week, and exited the chart at number 49, the week dated March 24, 1996.[62] The song also reached number six in Finland[63] and number four in New Zealand,[64] and number 10 in Sweden.[65] It peaked within the top 20 of the singles charts in a few other countries: number 15 in Austria,[66] 16 in Belgium (Wallonia)[67] and Ireland,[68] 14 in Norway,[69] and 13 in Switzerland. However, in few other countries, the song managed to reach only the top 40; it peaked at number 22 in Belgium (Flanders), 23 in France, and 26 in Germany.[70][71][72]

Music video
Forest Whitaker at the premiere of Two Men in Town (La voie de l'ennemi)
Houston personally asked Forest Whitaker (pictured) to direct the video.

The accompanying music video for "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" was directed by Forest Whitaker, who also directed Waiting to Exhale.[73] The video focuses mainly on close-ups of Houston, sporting a short and mature coif, as she sings.[74] Scenes of the movie are inter-cut between her scenes. In a Making of the Video segment of "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)", which aired on Japanese satellite television channel NHK-BS2, Houston explained:

"I wanted him [Whitaker] to do it. And he said 'yeah'. I said 'are you sure you can? Because you've got so much to do.' He said 'I think I can do this.' I kinda got afraid because I knew he was working so hard."[75]

According to Houston, the song was direct, so she wanted the video to be direct and concentrate on her face and on the lyrics.[75] Whitaker also expressed a same opinion of the song. He said, "I've seen the video [...] It's like a thing she has, you know, that I guess people would say is like a charisma kinda thing that it zooms, you know, comes up. It's beautiful [...] It's magic, it's spirit."[75] The video aired on MTV on October 10, 1995.[76] According to Marla Shelton, a writer for Camera Obscura, a journal of feminism and film theory, "the video concept's originality stops with Houston's hair style as its stark simplicity underscores the 'straight and narrow' politics of the film."[74] When the film was released, the video was shown as a trailer prior to the beginning of films on 450 General Cinema screens in some major US media markets.[77]

The video for "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" was later published on Houston's official YouTube channel in November 2009. It has amassed more than 40 million views as of April 2023.[78]

Live performances and covers
Houston performing on stage. Behind her is a screen where she is shown wearing a white outfit with a black overcoat and performing.
Whitney Houston performing in Milan during her Nothing but Love World Tour, in 2010

Houston performed "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" live a number of times, between 1996 and 2009. In February 1997, Houston performed it as the third song of her 'Waiting to Exhale Medley'―"Sittin' Up in My Room" by Brandy, "Not Gon' Cry" by Mary J. Blige, "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" by Houston, and "Count On Me" by Houston, CeCe Winans, Brandy, Blige, Chaka Khan, and Aretha Franklin―at the 39th Grammy Awards.[79][80] Houston sang the song live on the HBO special "Classic Whitney Live from Washington, D.C." on both October 3 and 5, 1997. Houston's solo performance was followed by ad-libs of its chorus. She was joined by BeBe Winans, Monica, and Shirley Caesar, who was seated in the audience and invited onstage by Houston.[81] Houston used the song throughout the entire run of her The Pacific Rim Tour (1997). She performed it again during the entire run of her My Love Is Your Love World Tour (1999), as a part of the promotion for her fourth studio album, My Love Is Your Love (1998). In April 2000, Houston performed the song on the 25th Anniversary Celebration of Arista Records. Houston started by saying "We all need to exhale sometimes", and proceeded to sing the song.[82] The song was included in the set list of her Nothing but Love World Tour (2010) promoting her seventh studio album, I Look to You (2009).

Babyface performed the song with Beverly Crowder on MTV Unplugged on October 18, 1997.[83] The performance was released on CD in November 1997, and on DVD and VHS in August 2001, titled Babyface MTV Unplugged NYC 1997.[84][85] In April 2012, possibly as a tribute to Houston following her death, R&B singer Robin Thicke covered the song and released his rendition as a single.[86][87]

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" single liner notes.[96]

Charts

Certifications
Region CertificationCertified units/sales
New Zealand (RMNZ)[128] Gold 5,000*
United States (RIAA)[52] Platinum 1,500,000[50][51]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.

See also

References
  1. Bronson 2003, p. 842
  2. "New Releases: Singles". Music Week. November 4, 1995. p. 43.
  3. Vigoda, Arlene (October 18, 1995). "Don't Buy Boardwalk". USA Today. Archived from the original (Payment needed to view the whole article) on January 31, 2013. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  4. "Exhale > Whitney Houston". Allmusic. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  5. "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Allmusic. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
  6. "The Essential Whitney Houston > Whitney Houston". Allmusic. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
  7. "Whitney Houston – Exhale Sheet Music (Digital Download)". Musicnotes.com. Sony/ATV Music Publishing. 2006-11-14. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  8. Knopper, Steve (December 24, 1995). "Sweet and Sour Whitney". Newsday. Archived from the original (Payment needed to view the whole article) on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  9. Cox 1998, pp. 79–80
  10. "Brooks on right track with fresh horses" (Payment needed to view the whole article). The Miami Herald. November 29, 1995. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  11. Anderson, Kyle (May 13, 2010). "Eminem makes History, Joins Chart Giants Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey". MTV. MTV Networks (Viacom). Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
  12. Flick, Larry (October 28, 1995). "Reviews and Previews [Exhale (Shoop Shoop)]". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 43. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
  13. Holden, Stephen (December 3, 1995). "Recordings View: Holding Nothing In on Love". The New York Times. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  14. "Whitney Houston held out on singing 'Exhale' title cut" (Payment needed to view the whole article). The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. November 12, 1995. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  15. Smith, Patricia (December 24, 1995). "Breathing Lessons: A lot of us are in 'Waiting to Exhale'". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original (Payment needed to view the whole article) on November 5, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  16. Violanti, Anthony (December 8, 1995). "Production number 'Exhale' Soundtrack is masterfully crafted". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original (Payment needed to view the whole article) on November 5, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  17. Baltin, Steve (November 4, 1995). "Pop Singles" (PDF). Cash Box. p. 7. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  18. Masterton, James (November 12, 1995). "Week Ending November 18th 1995". Chart Watch UK. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  19. Wood, Mike (December 9, 2015). "The 50 Best Pop Singles Of 1995 (Featuring New Interviews With Alanis Morissette, Garbage, Kylie Minogue, Monica, Ace Of Base & More!)". Idolator. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  20. Rosenbluth, Jean (November 11, 1995). "'Exhale' Brings Big Picture Into Focus". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  21. Hilburn, Robert (February 18, 1996). "Sure-Footed Tracks : Pop Music". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  22. "New Releases: Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. November 18, 1995. p. 14. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  23. Jones, Alan (November 11, 1995). "Talking Music" (PDF). Music Week. p. 10. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  24. Galera, Christine (June 30, 2000). "Whitney Houston: The Greatest Hits". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original (Payment needed to view the whole article) on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
  25. "Babyface master of smooth". Rome News-Tribune. November 24, 1995. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  26. Himes, Geoffrey (December 27, 1995). "CD Plus (and Minus)". The Washington Post. Archived from the original (Payment needed to view the whole article) on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  27. "The 1996 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll – Singles". Robert Christgau. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
  28. "TLC, Jackson, D'Angelo, Monica top noms for Soul Train Music Awards". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 10. March 9, 1996. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  29. Reynolds, J.R. (April 13, 1996). "Despite Violence, Soul Train Awards Upbeat; TLC, D'Angelo Big Winners". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 15. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  30. Snow, Shauna (February 23, 1996). "Pop/Rock". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 30, 2010.
  31. "'Waiting to Exhale' wins big at Image Awards". Jet. 89 (24). April 29, 1996. ISSN 0021-5996. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
  32. King, Susan (April 8, 1996). "'Waiting' Pays Off Big at NAACP Image Awards". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  33. "1996 MTV Movie Awards Nominees & Winners". MTV. MTV Networks (Viacom). June 8, 1996. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
  34. Reynolds, J.R. (September 21, 1996). "Faith Tops Nomiees For Second Soul Train Lady Of Soul Awards". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 34. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
  35. Errico, Marcus (January 7, 1997). "Babyface, Celine Dion Dominate Grammy Nominations". E!. NBCUniversal. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
  36. "Past Winners Search". Grammy.com. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
  37. Gina Van Der Vliet (May 24, 1997). "BMI Honors Leading Writers, Composers: For 6th Year Babyface wins top pop trophy". Billboard. Vol. 109, no. 21. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
  38. McKenna, Jerry (November 25, 1995). "Hot 100 Singles Spotlight". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 47. p. 107. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  39. Baptiste (November 25, 1995). "Suzanne Baptiste's Rhythm Section". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 47. p. 27. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  40. Bronson, Fred (November 25, 1995). "Chart Beat: Whitney Shoop Shoops to No. 1 Debut". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 47. p. 114. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  41. Bronson, Fred (February 3, 1996). "Chart Beat: In the Top 30, 'Exhale' Three Times". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 5. p. 94. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  42. "Billboard Hot 100 Singles". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 6. February 10, 1996. p. 82. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  43. Bronson, Fred. "Chart Beat Chat". Billboard. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
  44. Trust, Gary (2021-08-16). "The Kid LAROI & Justin Bieber Extend 'Stay' Atop Hot 100, The Weeknd's 'Take My Breath' Debuts in Top 10". Billboard. Retrieved 2021-08-16.
  45. Trust, Gary (April 1, 2022). "Ask Billboard: The Kid LAROI & Justin Bieber's 'Stay' Makes History on the Hot 100". Billboard. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  46. "Billboard Hot R&B Singles". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 2. January 13, 1996. p. 20. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  47. "Billboard Adult Contemporary". Billboard. March 16, 1996. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  48. "Billboard 1996 The Year in Music, Year-end chart listing of Hot 100 Singles". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 52. December 28, 1996. p. 7. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  49. "Billboard 1996 The Year in Music, Year-end chart listing of Hot R&B Singles". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 52. December 28, 1996. p. 15. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  50. "Best-Selling Records of 1995". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 3. January 20, 1996. p. 56. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  51. "Best-Selling Records of 1996". Billboard. Vol. 109, no. 3. January 18, 1997. p. 61. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved May 8, 2015.
  52. "American single certifications – Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Recording Industry Association of America.
  53. "The RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart listing for the week of November 13, 1995". RPM. 62 (13). November 13, 1995. ISSN 0315-5994. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  54. "The RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart listing for the week of January 8, 1996". RPM. 62 (21). January 8, 1996. ISSN 0315-5994. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  55. "The 1996 RPM Year-end, Top 100 Hit Tracks chart". RPM. 64 (18). December 16, 1996. ISSN 0315-5994. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  56. "The UK Singles Chart listing for the week ending of November 18, 1995". Official Charts Company. November 18, 1995. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  57. "The Official Charts Company – Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 20, 2011.
  58. "Whitney Houston | Official Top 20". MTV UK and Ireland. MTV Networks (Viacom). Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  59. "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 49, 1995" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved May 4, 2011.
  60. "Single Top 100 van 1995" (PDF). Dutch Top 40. Stichting Nederlandse Top 40. Retrieved May 4, 2011.
  61. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  62. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  63. "Whitney Houston: Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  64. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  65. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Singles Top 100. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  66. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  67. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  68. "The Irish Singles Chart searchable database". Irish Recorded Music Association. Archived from the original on June 2, 2009. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  69. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". VG-lista. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  70. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  71. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  72. "Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved May 22, 2019.
  73. "Whitney Houston's Exhale (Shoop Shoop) Music Video". MTV Music. MTV Networks (Viacom). Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  74. Shelton, Marla (September 1, 1995). "Whitney is Every Woman? Cultural Politics and the Pop Star". Camera Obscura. Sfumato Press, LLC. 12 (3): 134–153. doi:10.1215/02705346-12-3_36-134.
  75. Whitney Houston, Forest Whitaker (cast) (1997). "Exhale (Shoop Shoop): Making of the Video". 4大スーパースター特集 (Four Superstars Special). Shibuya, Tokyo. NHK-BS2.
  76. "Exhale (Shoop Shoop) | Whitney Houston". MTV. MTV Networks (Viacom). Retrieved March 16, 2011.
  77. Kaplan, Don (1995-12-16). "Soundtrack on Sale at Cinemas: 'Exhale' Used for Marketing Experiment". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 50. p. 87. ISSN 0006-2510.
  78. "Whitney Houston - Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (Official HD Video)". YouTube. November 23, 2009. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  79. Varga, George (February 27, 1997). "Beatles, Babyface top Grammys | They pocket three each; Hillary Clinton wins one". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Platinum Equity.
  80. Bego 2001, p. 324
  81. Whitney Houston (performer) (October 5, 1997). "Classic Whitney Live from Washington, D.C.". 1. Washington, D.C. HBO.
  82. vanHorn, Teri (April 11, 2000). "Whitney Houston Returns to Stage, with Husband's help". MTV. MTV Networks (Viacom). Retrieved March 9, 2014.
  83. Considine, J.D. (November 27, 1997). "Babyface MTV Unplugged NYC 1997". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  84. "Babyface MTV Unplugged NYC 1997 (Audio CD)". Amazon.com. November 25, 1997. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  85. "Babyface MTV Unplugged NYC 1997 (DVD)". Amazon.com. August 21, 2001. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  86. ""Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" by Robin Thicke on Interscope Records". Interscope Records. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  87. ""Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" by Robin Thicke on iTunes". Apple. January 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  88. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (US 12" Vinyl Single). Whitney Houston. United States: Arista. 1995. 07822-12916-1.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  89. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (US CD Single (Version 1)). Whitney Houston. United States: Arista Records. 1995. 07822-12916-2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  90. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (Japanese Maxi-CD Single). Whitney Houston. Japan: Arista Records. 1995. BCA 8814.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  91. "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". iTunes. Arista Records. November 6, 1995.
  92. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (US CD Single (Version 2, Cardboard Sleeve)). Whitney Houston. United States: Arista Records. 1995. 07822 12917-2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  93. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (Japanese 3" CD Single). Whitney Houston. Japan: BMG (Japan). 1995. BVDA-501.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  94. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (EU CD Single). Whitney Houston. Europe: Arista Records. 1995. 74321 33247 2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  95. Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (EU Maxi-CD Single). Whitney Houston. Europe: Arista Records. 1995. 74321 32754 2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  96. "Exhale (Shoop Shoop) single notes". Exhale (Shoop Shoop) (CD maxi). Whitney Houston. United States: Arista. 1995. 07822-12916-1.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  97. "Discos populares en Latinoamérica". El Siglo de Torreón (in Spanish). 16 March 1996. Retrieved August 6, 2022.
  98. Lwin, Nanda (2000). Top 40 Hits: The Essential Chart Guide. Music Data Canada. p. 135. ISBN 1-896594-13-1.
  99. "Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 2808." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  100. "Top National Sellers" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 12, no. 48. December 2, 1995. p. 13. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
  101. "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 12, no. 48. December 2, 1995. p. 11. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
  102. "Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (25.11.1995 – 1.12.1995)" (PDF) (in Icelandic). Dagblaðið Vísir – Tónlist. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
  103. "Top National Sellers" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 12, no. 48. December 2, 1995. p. 13. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
  104. "ホイットニー・ヒューストンのCDシングルランキング、ホイットニー・ヒューストンのプロフィールならオリコン芸能人事典-ORICON STYLE". Oricon Style (in Japanese). Oricon Inc. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  105. "Whitney Houston – Exhale" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  106. "Discos populares en Latinoamérica". El Siglo de Torreón (in Spanish). 20 January 1996. Retrieved August 6, 2022.
  107. "Major Market Airplay: Poland" (PDF). Music & Media. November 25, 1995. p. 31. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  108. "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
  109. Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. p. 871. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  110. "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  111. "Official Hip Hop and R&B Singles Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company.
  112. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  113. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  114. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  115. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  116. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  117. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  118. "Whitney Houston Chart History (Rhythmic)". Billboard. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  119. "Rapports Annuels 1995". Ultratop (in Dutch). Ultratop & Hung Medien / hitparade.ch. Archived from the original on 2014-04-14. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
  120. "JAAROVERZICHTEN - Single 1995". dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved 2019-12-04.
  121. "Årslista Singlar - År 1995". hitlistan.se (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
  122. "RPM YEAR END Top 100 Adult Contemporary Tracks". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. December 16, 1996. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  123. "1996 Year-End Sales Charts: Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 13, no. 51/52. December 21, 1996. p. 12. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  124. "Most Played Adult Top 40 Songs of 1996" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 4, no. 53. December 27, 1996. p. 33. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  125. "Billboard 1996 The Year in Music, Year-end chart listing of Hot Adult Contemporary Singles & Tracks". Billboard. December 28, 1996. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  126. "Most Played Mainstream Top 40 Songs Of 1996" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 4, no. 53. December 27, 1996. p. 30. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  127. "Most Played Rhythmic Top 40 Songs Of 1996" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 4, no. 53. December 27, 1996. p. 32. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  128. "New Zealand single certifications – Whitney Houston – Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". Recorded Music NZ.

Bibliography
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.