First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground

The First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground (also known as Center Church: First Church of Christ in Hartford or First Church in Hartford) is a historic church and cemetery at 60 Gold Street in Hartford, Connecticut, United States. It is the oldest church congregation in Hartford, founded in 1636 by Thomas Hooker. The present building, the congregation's fourth, was built in 1807, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.[1] The adjacent cemetery, formally set apart in 1640, was the city's sole cemetery until 1803.

First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground
First Church of Christ
First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground is located in Connecticut
First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground
First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground is located in the United States
First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground
Location60 Gold St., Hartford, Connecticut
Coordinates41°45′52″N 72°40′26″W
Area3 acres (1.2 ha)
Built1807 (1807)
ArchitectWadsworth, Daniel
NRHP reference No.72001324[1]
Added to NRHPDecember 05, 1972

Description
Main Street view

The First Church of Christ, located in downtown Hartford at the corner of Main and Gold Streets, is a prominent local example of Classical Revival architecture. Daniel Wadsworth probably designed it, loosely following the example of architect James Gibbs's church of Saint Martin in the Fields in London. A monumental two-story temple portico with modified Ionic columns forms the entrance to the brick structure, and is surmounted by a three-stage tower that repeats the columns at an increasingly diminished scale at each major level. There are three entrances on the main facade, each topped by a half-round fanlight window. The Ancient Burying Ground extends west and north of the church and features a variety of stones made from many different carvers out of different materials such as brownstone, schist, slate and marble.[2]

History

The Hartford congregation was founded as a Reformed congregation in 1636 with Thomas Hooker serving as the first pastor.[3] The members of the congregation had previously migrated from England to Massachusetts and spent four years there before leaving Massachusetts after a dispute with the Puritan leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The old burial ground adjacent to the building in Hartford dates to around 1640 with the oldest surviving tombstone in the yard dating from 1648. The current church meeting house dates to 1807 and is the fourth meeting house to serve as a place of worship for the congregation. The church meeting house and cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The congregation is currently affiliated with the United Church of Christ (UCC).

Notable members and persons buried in the burying ground
  • Angled frontal view of the church.
    Angled frontal view of the church.
  • Gateway to the Ancient Burying Ground
    Gateway to the Ancient Burying Ground
  • Mix of brownstone graves in the cemetery.
    Mix of brownstone graves in the cemetery.
  • Center Church House
    Center Church House
  • The Stone of Timothy Stanley, the oldest tombstone in the yard dating to 1648, carved by George Griswold of Windsor CT
    The Stone of Timothy Stanley, the oldest tombstone in the yard dating to 1648, carved by George Griswold of Windsor CT
  • Schist tombstones carved (left to right) by Gershom Bartlett and Aaron Haskins.
    Schist tombstones carved (left to right) by Gershom Bartlett and Aaron Haskins.
  • Group of Tabletop Grave Markers from the 1700s in the Ancient Burying Ground
    Group of Tabletop Grave Markers from the 1700s in the Ancient Burying Ground
  • Slate Tombstone from 1740 with deaths head imagery, carved in Boston
    Slate Tombstone from 1740 with deaths head imagery, carved in Boston

See also

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. "NRHP nomination for First Church of Christ and Ancient Burying Ground". National Park Service. Retrieved 2017-05-23.
  3. Historical catalogue of the First Church in Hartford. 1633-1885 (Pub. by the Church, Hartford: 1885)
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