Fluoroiodate

A fluorooxoiodate or fluoroiodate is a chemical compound or ion derived from iodate, by substituting some of the oxygen by fluorine. They have iodine in the +5 oxidation state. The iodine atoms have a stereochemically active lone-pair of electrons. Many are non-centrosymmetric, and are second harmonic generators (SHG) of intense light shining through them. They are under investigation as materials for non-linear optics, such as for generating ultraviolet light from visible or infrared lasers.[1]

Different ions include [IOF4]−, [IO2F2]−, [IO3F]2−, and [I2O5F2]2−.

They are distinct from the fluoride iodates which are mixed anion compounds that do not have fluorine-iodine bonds.[1]

Properties

Fluoroiodates are transparent in visible, longer wave ultraviolet and some of the infrared electromagnetic bands.[1]

Compared to iodate, the I-O bonds are shorter, and I-F bonds are longer in fluoroiodates. The I-F bond is about 0.2 Å longer than the I-O bond. The fluorine atoms repel each other in [IO2F2]− and are almost opposite each other. The ∠OIF angle is close to 90° and the oxygen atoms ∠OFO are at about 102°,[2] so they resemble an octahedral arrangement, with two adjacent positions deleted.[1]

List
formula crystal space group unit cell volume density band

gap eV

 SHG

× KDP

1064 nm

 comment reference
NH4IO2F2 orthorhombic Pca21 a=8.639 b=6.166 c=8.629 Z=4 459.7 4.53 1.2 [2]
(NH4)3(IO2F2)3·H2O orthorhombic Pnma a=15.102 b=12.685 c=7.369 Z=4 1411.8 4.55 no [2]
[C(NH2)3]+[IF2O2]– triclinic P1 a = 6.6890 b = 10.2880 c = 10.30.92 α = 105.447 β = 108.568 γ = 91.051° 644.08 2.650 explosive; [3]
NaIO2F2 orthorhombic Cmcm a=6.929 b=7.274 c=7.350 Z=4 370.42 0 [4]
KIO2F2 orthorhombic Pca21 a=8.3943 b=5.9792 c=8.4468 Z=4 423.95 0 ferroelastic; when compressed on 001 axis IO2F2 units rotate with abc transforming to cba; [4][5][6]
CoIO3F monoclinic P21/n a=4.9954 b=5.2110 c=12.5179 β=95.347° [7]
NiIO3F monoclinic P21/n [7]
ZnIO3F monoclinic P21/m 4.2 0.00 birefringence 0.219 at 546 nm [1]
[GaF(H2O)][IO3F] orthorhombic Pca21 a=13.954 b=6.9261 c=4.7629 4.34 10 laser damage threshold 298.40 MW cm−2; decompose 300 °C; dipole moment density: 0.0908 D Å−3 [8]
NaGaI3O9F monoclinic P21/c _a=14.120 b=4.9149 c=13.63 β=112.968° Z=4 871.0 4.853 4.27 0 ∞[Ga2(IO3F)2(IO3)4]2− layers sandwiching Na+; birefringence Δnexp ~ 0.203 at 1064 nm [9]
RbIO2F2 orthorhombic Pca21 a=8.567 b=6.151 c=8.652 Z=4 455.92 4.2 4 [4]
SrI2O5F2 monoclinic P21/c a=10.462 b=7.272 c=8.306 β=109.699° Z=4 594.9 3.68 0 [10]
Sr4O(IO3)3(I3O7F3)BF4 R3c a=9.7216 c=38.759 absorption band at 250 nm; decompose 380 °C [11]
CdIO3F P212121 4.22 6.2 [1]
Rb2MoO2F3(IO2F2) orthorhombic Cmc21 a 11.806 b 10.128 c 7.6661 3.77 5 [1][12]
CsIO2F2 orthorhombic Pca21 a=8.781 b=6.377 c=8.868 Z=4 496.58 4.5 3 [4]
Cs3(IO2F2)3•H2O Pnma 3.37 0 [1]
Cs(IO2F2)2•H2O•H3O monoclinic P21/c 2.77 0 [1]
CsIO4 Pnma 0 [1]
Cs2VOF4(IO2F2) orthorhombic Cmc21 a=12.188 b=10.349 c=7.779 Z=4 981.2 4.100 2.88 5 yellow at 1064 nm [13]
Cs2MoO2F3(IO2F2) orthorhombic Cmc21 a =12.2153 b =10.4656 c =7.8560 3.43 4.5 [1][12]
BaIO3F monoclinic P21/c 4.32 0 [14]
Ba(IO2F2)2 monoclinic P21/c a=10.747 b=7.161 c=9.086 β=93.748° Z=4 697.7 3.99 0 UV cut off 230 nm [10]
BaI2O5F2 monoclinic P21/c a=10.750 b=7.599 c=8.598 β=109.753° birefringence Δn= 0.174 at 1064 nm [15]
BaIO2F3 orthorhombic Cmca a=6.334 b=6.343 c=23.300 4.27 0 birefringence Δn=0.133 at 1064 nm [15]
Ba2[GaF5(IO3F)] monoclinic P21/c a=7.5065 b=7.4160 c=14.5932 β=100.363° birefringence Δn=0.068 at 550 nm; UV edge 230 nm; transparent 0.34–11.9 μm [16]
CaCe(IO3)3(IO3F)F orthorhombic Pna21 a=11.068 b=18.15 c=6.0301 Z=4 1211.3 5.033 2,72 5 pale-yellow; birefringence 0.071 at 1064 nm SHG 5×KDP at 1064 nm [17]
Rb2WO2F3(IO2F2) orthorhombic Cmc21 a=11.726 b=10.188 c=7.666 4.42 [18]
Cs2WO2F3(IO2F2) orthorhombic Cmc21 a=12.1122 b=10.6192 c =7.8333 4.29 [18]
Pb4O(IO3)3(I3O7F3)BF4 R3c a =9.8184 c =38.867 absorption band at 283 nm; decompose 300 °C [11]
KBi2(IO3)2F5 monoclinic P21 a=5.687 b = 5.864 c = 14.815 β=100.095º Z = 2 486.5 6.157 colourless [19]
RbBi2(IO3)2F5 monoclinic P21 a=5.7347 b = 5.9095 c = 15.117 β=100.263º Z = 2 506.20 6.221 colourless [19]
CsBi2(IO3)2F5 monoclinic P21 a=5.750 b = 5.864 c = 15.640 β=100.509º Z = 2 523.8 6.313 colourless [19]

References
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