Ammonium iodate

Ammonium iodate is an inorganic salt which is sparingly soluble in cold, and moderately soluble in hot water, like all iodate salts, it is a strong oxidizer.

Ammonium Iodate
Ammonium iodate
Ammonium cation
Ammonium cation
Iodate anion
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium iodate
Other names
Iodic acid, ammonium salt
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.252
EC Number
  • 236-592-4
  • InChI=1S/HIO3.H3N/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);1H3
    Key: ZRDJERPXCFOFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [NH4+].[O-]I(=O)=O
Properties
NH4IO3
Molar mass 192.94 g/mol
Appearance white crystalline powder
Density 3.309 g/cm3
Melting point decomposes at 150°C
29.883 g/L (25°C) [1]
-62.3·10−6 cm3/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Preparation

Ammonium iodate can be obtained by neutralising a solution of iodic acid with ammonia.[2]

HIO3 + NH3 → NH4IO3

Using its low solubility in water, it can also be precipitated from an iodate solution with an ammonium salt.

2 KIO3 + (NH4)2SO4 → 2 NH4IO3 + K2SO4

Unlike other iodates, ammonium iodate can't be prepared by dissolving iodine in an ammonium hydroxide solution, instead the highly explosive nitrogen triiodide is formed.

3 I2 + 5 NH3 → 3 NH4I + NH3·NI3

Chemical properties

Because ammonium iodate consists of the reducing ammonium ion and the oxidizing iodate ion, it already starts to decompose at 150 °C into nitrogen, oxygen, iodine and water.

NH4IO3 → ½N2 + ½O2 + ½I2 + 2H2O

Below 60 °C this reaction cannot sustain itself, but with catalysts like potassium dichromate or copper(II) chloride it can also combust at room temperature.[2]

Safety

Like all iodates, ammonium iodate is a strong oxidizer and should therefore be kept away from flammable materials like sulfur, phosphorus and metals powders [3]

References
  1. "Eigenschaften von Ammoniumiodat - Das Periodensystem online".
  2. "Combustion of the Inorganic Salts Ammonium Iodate And Hydroxylamine Sulfate" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-28. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
  3. "Safety Data Sheet Ammonium iodate" (PDF). Alpha Aesar. 1 June 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-29. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
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