List of countries by external debt

This is a list of countries by external debt: it is the total public and private debt owed to nonresidents repayable in internationally accepted currencies, goods or services, where the public debt is the money or credit owed by any level of government, from central to local, and the private debt the money or credit owed by private households or private corporations based on the country under consideration.

For information purposes, several non-sovereign entities are also included in this list.

Note that while a country may have a relatively large external debt (either in absolute or per capita terms) it could actually be a "net international creditor" if its external debt is less than the total of external debt of other countries held by it.

List of countries by debt

Country/Region Per capita
US dollars
External debt
US dollars
% of GDP Date
 United States98,09432.9 trillion122.56August 2023 [1][2]
 United Kingdom130,0348.7 trillion287.08October 2023[3]
 Japan34,8324.34 trillion98.44June 2023[3]
 Netherlands215,5693.79 trillion381.62December 2022[3]
 France49,7673.28 trillion112.06March 2023[1]
 Ireland628,505 3.26 trillion548.53June 2023[3]
 Italy52,6743.1 trillion143.09June 2023[1]
 Germany33,5662.81 trillion65.33March 2023[1]
 Canada66,9292.65 trillion126.94March 2023[3]
 China1,7362.45 trillion13.55December 2022[3]
  Switzerland262,8632.3 trillion284.57December 2022[3]
 Australia72,2231.9 trillion111.17June 2023[3]
 India449.28625 billion16.83March 2023[1]
 Hong Kong248,1531.82 trillion504.10December 2022[3]
 Spain34,9201.67 trillion111.84March 2023[1]
 Brazil6,9251.49 trillion71.59April 2023[1]
 Sweden95,1781.03 trillion171.81June 2023[3]
 Mexico6,707880 billion52.92July 2023[1]
 Singapore144,061815 billion158.13June 2023[1]
 Norway134,602738 billion133.14June 2023[3]
 South Korea12,897665 billion38.62June 2023[3]
 Belgium55,738652 billion104.42March 2023[1]
 Indonesia1,417395 billion29.10August 2023[1]
 Turkey5,514476 billion46.21March 2023[3]
 Portugal42,785440 billion164.48June 2023[3]
 Austria44,168401 billion77.76March 2023[1]
 Poland9,500385 billion49.30June 2023[1]
 Greece32,880350 billion322.85September 2022[1]
 Russia1,969282 billion13.67July 2023[1]
 Thailand4,016282 billion49.09July 2023[1]
 Argentina5,883275 billion42.91March 2023[3]
 Saudi Arabia7,588264 billion23.832022[1]
 South Africa4,268263 billion65.81June 2023[1]
 Malaysia7,785260 billion58.17June 2023[3]
 Philippines2,300260 billion58.90July 2023[1]
 Chile11,603233 billion65.09July 2023[3]
 United Arab Emirates24,164220 billion59.6931 December 2016 est.[4]
 Finland38,756215 billion71.30March 2023[1]
 New Zealand39,924206 billion81.76March 2023[3]
 Czech Republic19,282203 billion61.47March 2023[3]
 Mauritius157,951199 billion1,368March 2023[3]
 Qatar70,471195 billion106.092018[3]
 Taiwan8,275193 billion24.40March 2023[3]
 Colombia3,596188 billion56.03June 2023[3]
 Puerto Rico (United States)48,187167 billion161.9331 January 2015 est.
 Egypt1,557165 billion42.72March 2023[3]
 Kazakhstan8,087161 billion65.71March 2023[3]
 Romania8,414158 billion45.40June 2023[1]
 Israel16,019153 billion29.28December 2022[3]
 Hungary15,000147 billion160.00June 2023[1]
 Vietnam500.00142 billion39.102021[1]
 Pakistan554.00124 billion43.00June 2023[3]
 Ukraine2,200124 billion81.00July 2023[1]
 Denmark81,965123 billion119.00March 2023[1]
 Slovakia15,900121 billion112.00December 2022[3]
 Venezuela3,500110 billion23.00March 2019[3]
 Malta223,000104 billion691.00March 2023[3]
 Algeria89.0098.7 billion2.002021[1]
 Nigeria60.0096.4 billion2.00March 2023[1]
 Bangladesh460.0096.2 billion22.00December 2022[3]
 Morocco1,40091.1 billion46.00December 2022[1]
 Peru2,30086.3 billion44.00June 2023[1]
 Sri Lanka2,20083.1 billion68.00March 2023[1]
 Iraq1,80068 billion44.0031 December 2016 est.[5]
 Sudan1,10062.4 billion121.002021[3]
 Slovenia25,00060.7 billion104.00April 2023[3]
 Ecuador2,10057.5 billion57.00July 2023[3]
 Uruguay7,60057.2 billion50.00March 2023[3]
 Oman4,40054 billion35.002021[1]
 Croatia10,70052.9 billion74.00December 2022[3]
 Panama4,40046.7 billion157.00July 2023[1]
 Jordan3,40044.1 billion83.00June 2023[1]
 Latvia21,20043.6 billion126.00June 2023[3]
 Bahrain14,90039.4 billion66.00July 2023[1]
 Serbia37,84538.6 billion56.50July 2023[1]
 Tunisia2,20037.7 billion97.00March 2023[1]
 Angola1,40037.7 billion41.0031 December 2016 est.[6]
 Belarus4,00037.6 billion66.00March 2023[3]
 Lebanon6,00034.5 billion220.00March 2023[3]
 Estonia15,70034.2 billion89.00March 2023[3]
 Mongolia7,80033.8 billion245.00June 2023[3]
 Uzbekistan500.0033.3 billion24.00December 2020[3]
 Ivory Coast420.0029.8 billion24.002021[3]
 Ghana700.0029.2 billion30.00November 2022[3]
 Lithuania12,70028.5 billion74.00March 2023[1]
 Cuba2,30026.3 billion34.0031 December 2016 est.[7]
 Dominican Republic2,40026.1 billion36.0031 December 2016 est.[8]
 Cyprus97,20025.4 billion849.00July 2023[1]
 Costa Rica5,10024.9 billion43.0031 December 2016 est.[9]
 Luxembourg114,70424.2 billion22.10March 2023[1]
 Ethiopia220.0022.5 billion32.0031 December 2016 est.[10]
 Cambodia600.0022.4 billion57.00December 2022[3]
 Papua New Guinea2,80022 billion111.0031 December 2016 est.[11]
 Iceland72,70021.8 billion81.00March 2023[3]
 Paraguay2,40021.8 billion54.00September2022[3]
 Trinidad & Tobago15,70021.5 billion76.0031 December 2016[12]
 Bulgaria5,70021 billion63.00July 2023[1]
 Guatemala1,10019.1 billion28.0031 December 2016 est.[13]
 Palau846,00018.4 billion62.1031 December 2014 est.[14]
 Bahamas44,20017.6 billion194.0031 December 2013 est.[15]
 Jamaica6,00016.8 billion122.0031 December 2016 est.[16]
 Monaco434,00016.5 billion240.0030 June 2010 est.
 Tanzania280.0015.9 billion34.0031 December 2016 est.[17]
 Bolivia600.0015.5 billion33.00March 2023[3]
 El Salvador2,40014.9 billion56.0031 December 2016 est.[18]
 Albania3,63414 billion66.00June 2023[1]
 Myanmar120.0013.9 billion17.002021[3]
 Nicaragua1,80011.1 billion83.0031 December 2016 est.[19]
 Georgia3,90011.1 billion128.00June 2023[1]
 Zimbabwe670.0010.9 billion77.0031 December 2016 est.[20]
 Laos1,70010.2 billion53.002022[3]
 Mozambique320.0010.2 billion72.002020[3]
   Nepal120.009.13 billion16.00December 2022[3]
 Zambia540.008.92 billion45.00March 2023[3]
 Iran90.008.67 billion2.002022[3]
 Azerbaijan1,3008.14 billion22.00December2021[3]
 Honduras1,0008.04 billion38.0031 December 2016 est.[21]
 North Macedonia3,7007.92 billion73.00June 2023[1]
 Cameroon300.007.38 billion24.0031 December 2016 est.[22]
 Yemen260.007.19 billion21.0031 January 2015[23]
 Armenia2,0436.66 billion102.00July 2023[3]
 Tajikistan260.006.66 billion38.00December 2021[3]
 Namibia2,5006.52 billion64.0031 December 2016 est.[24]
 Uganda150.006.24 billion24.0031 December 2016 est.[25]
 Senegal390.006.19 billion42.0031 December 2016 est.[26]
 Syria300.005.92 billion24.0031 December 2016 est.[27]
 Kyrgyzstan1,3005.74 billion112.00June 2023[1]
 Moldova1,6005.65 billion70.00July 2023[1]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo70.005.33 billion13.0031 December 2016 est.[28]
 Gabon2,9005.16 billion35.0031 December 2016 est.[29]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina1,3005.04 billion23.00December 2022[3]
 North Korea200.005 billion18.002013 est.[30]
 Republic of the Congo1,0004.82 billion55.0031 December 2016 est.[31]
 Barbados15,7004.49 billion100.002010 est.[32]
 Montenegro6,7424.39 billion151.00June 2023[1]
 Madagascar160.004.01 billion41.0031 December 2016 est.[33]
 Kosovo1,2003.66 billion37.00December 2022[3]
 Mali200.003.63 billion26.0031 December 2016 est.[34]
 Mauritania840.003.59 billion76.0031 December 2016 est.[35]
 Libya550.003.53 billion9.0031 December 2016 est.[36]
 Botswana720.003.5 billion8.002023[1]
 Burkina Faso160.003.09 billion26.0031 December 2016 est.[37]
 Somalia270.003.05 billion52.0031 December 2013 est.[38]
 Niger130.002.73 billion36.0031 December 2016 est.[39]
 Seychelles26,2002.55 billion180.0031 December 2016 est.[40]
 Rwanda200.002.44 billion29.0031 December 2016 est.[41]
 Bermuda (UK)39,7002.44 billion47.002015 est.[42]
 Benin200.002.34 billion26.0031 December 2016 est.[43]
 Bhutan2,9002.26 billion108.0031 December 2016 est.[44]
 Haiti180.002.02 billion24.0031 December 2016 est.[45]
 Malawi100.001.92 billion39.0031 December 2016 est.[46]
 South Sudan167.001.92 billion62.702017[47]
 Chad130.001.88 billion18.0031 December 2016 est.[48]
 Cape Verde3,1001.66 billion99.0031 December 2016 est.[49]
 Sierra Leone230.001.56 billion36.0031 December 2016 est.[50]
 Palestine340.001.54 billion35.00December 2018[3]
 Equatorial Guinea1,5001.36 billion12.0031 December 2016 est.[51]
 Djibouti1,5001.34 billion71.0031 December 2016 est.[52]
 Guinea100.001.33 billion20.0031 December 2016 est.[41]
 Belize3,5001.33 billion75.0031 December 2016 est.[51]
 Afghanistan40.001.28 billion7.002011[53]
 Suriname2,2001.24 billion30.0031 December 2016 est.[54]
 Togo150.001.17 billion26.0031 December 2016 est.[55]
 Guyana1,5001.14 billion36.0031 December 2015[56]
 Andorra14,3451.11 billion41.002014 est.[57]
 Liberia230.001.11 billion51.0031 December 2016 est.[58]
 Guinea-Bissau570.001.1 billion94.0031 December 2010 est.[59]
 Lesotho430.00949 million53.0031 December 2016 est.[60]
 Faroe Islands (Denmark)18,400889 million38.002010[61]
 Fiji900.00833 million18.0031 December 2016 est.[62]
 Eritrea150.00820 million15.0031 December 2016 est.[63]
 Maldives2,000742 million23.002014 est.[64]
 Burundi60.00705 million26.0031 December 2016 est.[65]
 Aruba6,600693 million28.0031 December 2014 est.[66]
 Central African Republic130.00687 million39.0031 December 2016 est.[67]
 Kuwait140.00685 million0.42July 2023[1]
 Grenada6,300679 million66.002013 est.[68]
 Gambia260.00542 million61.0031 December 2016 est.[69]
 Saint Lucia2,700513 million36.0031 December 2016 est.[70]
 Turkmenistan90.00503 million1.0031 December 2016 est.[71]
 Solomon Islands800.00492 million40.0031 December 2013 est.[72]
 Eswatini360.00471 million14.0031 December 2016 est.[73]
 Samoa2,300447 million51.0031 December 2013 est.[74]
 Antigua and Barbuda4,700441 million34.0031 December 2012[75]
 San Marino10,604352 million 23.00 2016[76]
 Brunei27,200340 million2.802017[77]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines2,900321 million42.0031 December 2016 est.[78]
 Timor-Leste250.00312 million12.0031 December 2014 est.[79]
 Dominica3,900289 million55.0031 December 2016 est.[80]
 Cook Islands13,400281 million23.0031 December 2011[81]
 Sao Tome and Principe1,200237 million67.0031 December 2016 est.[82]
 Tonga2,200233 million54.0031 December 2016 est.[83]
 Vanuatu750.00208 million27.0031 December 2016 est.[84]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis3,300188 million20.0031 December 2016 est.[85]
 Comoros160.00133 million21.0031 December 2016 est.[86]
 New Caledonia (France)420.00112 million1.0031 December 2013 est.[87]
 Marshall Islands1,80098 million52.002013 est.[88]
 Micronesia900.0093.6 million29.002013 est.[89]
 Cayman Islands (UK)2,10079 million7.001998 est.
 Kenya370.0069.9 million26.00May 2023[1]
 Greenland (Denmark)650.0036.4 million2.00 2010[90]
 Nauru3,20033.3 million22.002004 est.[91]
 British Virgin Islands (UK)570.0017.7 million2.0031 December 2016[92]
 Tuvalu1,22414.8 million37.002017 est.[93]
 Kiribati120.0013.6 million8.002013 est.[94]
 Anguilla (UK)590.008.8 million5.001998[95]
 Wallis and Futuna (France)280.003.67 million6.002004[96]
 Montserrat (UK)200.001.04 million2.0031 December 2011[97]
 Liechtenstein0.000.000.002001[98]
 Niue (New Zealand)0.000.000.0027 October 2016[99]

See also

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