Garanhuns

Garanhuns is a city in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. Located in the Borborema Plateau, the town is known as the "Suíça Pernambucana" (Pernambucan Switzerland) due to its elevation and relatively cool climate. It is also known as "Cidade das Flores" ("City of Flowers") or "Cidade da Garoa" ("City of Drizzle").

Garanhuns
Municipality
Municipality of Garanhuns
Flag of Garanhuns
Flag
Official seal of Garanhuns
Seal
Nicknames: 
"Suíça pernambucana" ("Switzerland in Pernambuco"), "Cidade das flores" ("City of Flowers")
Location in Pernambuco
Location in Pernambuco
Garanhuns is located in Brazil
Garanhuns
Garanhuns
Location in Brazil
Coordinates: 08°53′25″S 36°29′34″W
Country Brazil
RegionNortheast
State Pernambuco
Founded1879
Government
 • MayorIzaías Régis Neto (PTB)
Area
 • Total472.462 km2 (182.419 sq mi)
Elevation
896 m (2,940 ft)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total140,577
 • Density300/km2 (770/sq mi)
Demonymgaranhuense
Time zoneUTC−3 (BRT)
HDI (2010)0.664 – medium[2]
Portico

Garanhuns is most famous for the Festival de Inverno, or The Winter Festival, which it holds every year in July. During the winter, temperatures in Garanhuns can drop to 7 degrees Celsius (45 degrees Fahrenheit). This is quite cold for a city that is only a few degrees south of the equator.

Garañun (Garanhun) was an extinct, undocumented language once spoken by an indigenous tribe in the Serra dos Garanhuns.[3]

Geography

Climate

The climate of Garanhuns is classified as tropical wet and dry, Köppen climate classification type As, with a dry summer and humid winter. Temperatures are mild for a tropical climate due to the altitude. The annual mean temperature is 21.1 °C (70.0 °F) and annual precipitation is 918 mm (36.1 in), with high humidity throughout the year. Annual sunshine averages 2330 hours.

Since 1961, the lowest temperature recorded was 10.0 °C (50.0 °F) in September 1978 and the highest was 34.5 °C (94.1 °F) in January 1995 and December 2002.

Climate data for Garanhuns, Pernambuco, 1981-2010 normals, extremes 1961-present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 34.5
(94.1)		 33.9
(93.0)		 33.1
(91.6)		 33.1
(91.6)		 31.5
(88.7)		 29.0
(84.2)		 29.5
(85.1)		 29.7
(85.5)		 31.9
(89.4)		 33.3
(91.9)		 33.3
(91.9)		 34.5
(94.1)		 34.5
(94.1)
Average high °C (°F) 29.0
(84.2)		 28.7
(83.7)		 28.5
(83.3)		 26.8
(80.2)		 25.2
(77.4)		 23.4
(74.1)		 22.6
(72.7)		 23.1
(73.6)		 24.9
(76.8)		 27.2
(81.0)		 28.7
(83.7)		 29.1
(84.4)		 26.4
(79.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 22.5
(72.5)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.7
(72.9)		 21.9
(71.4)		 21.1
(70.0)		 19.6
(67.3)		 18.7
(65.7)		 18.7
(65.7)		 19.6
(67.3)		 21.1
(70.0)		 22.0
(71.6)		 22.5
(72.5)		 21.1
(70.0)
Average low °C (°F) 18.4
(65.1)		 18.6
(65.5)		 19.0
(66.2)		 18.8
(65.8)		 18.1
(64.6)		 17.2
(63.0)		 16.4
(61.5)		 16.1
(61.0)		 16.5
(61.7)		 17.2
(63.0)		 17.8
(64.0)		 18.2
(64.8)		 17.7
(63.9)
Record low °C (°F) 15.4
(59.7)		 15.4
(59.7)		 11.8
(53.2)		 15.0
(59.0)		 14.8
(58.6)		 10.5
(50.9)		 11.7
(53.1)		 10.9
(51.6)		 10.0
(50.0)		 11.4
(52.5)		 12.8
(55.0)		 14.9
(58.8)		 10.0
(50.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 40.1
(1.58)		 46.1
(1.81)		 92.2
(3.63)		 101.4
(3.99)		 113.2
(4.46)		 161.7
(6.37)		 141.1
(5.56)		 102.2
(4.02)		 50.0
(1.97)		 20.1
(0.79)		 17.1
(0.67)		 33.1
(1.30)		 918.3
(36.15)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 5 5 7 11 14 18 20 16 9 3 2 3 113
Average relative humidity (%) 75.3 77.7 78.8 83.8 87.9 90.7 91.4 89.6 85.8 78.7 74.3 73.6 82.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 221.5 201.1 209.5 185.5 162.0 124.6 125.9 152.6 193.9 239.5 258.3 255.6 2,330
Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET)[4]

Tourism

It's the weather, cold for the locals and mild for foreigners, and the mountains which attract many tourists to the region during Summer and Winter. Garanhuns, Gravatá and Triunfo are the most visited mountainous (cold) cities of the state. The city is served by Garanhuns Airport.

Tourist attractions

Floral clock
  • Winter musical festival (July)
  • Flowers clock Relógio das flores
  • Celso Galvao Palace
  • Park Euclides Dourado and Park Ruben Van Der Linden
  • João Capão Castle
  • São Bento Monastery
  • Ipiranga Monument
  • The seven Hills.

Economy
See also: Largest Cities of Northeast Region, Brazil

The main economic activities in Garanhuns are based in mountain tourism (winter tourism), general commerce and primary sector especially flowers, tomatoes, manioc, cows, chickens and milk.

Economic indicators
Population [5] GDP x(1000 R$).[6] GDP pc (R$) PE
131.313 742.593 5.941 1.20%

Economy by Sector 2006

Primary sector Secondary sector Service sector
3.75% 21.50% 74.75%

Health indicators

[7]

HDI (2000) Hospitals (2007) Hospital beds (2007) Children's Mortality per 1000 (2005)
0.693 5 488 23.1

Notable people

Garanhuns is notable for being the hometown of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, born in Caetés, which was a district of Garanhuns until 1963. The film Lula, o filho do Brasil, about his life, was shot in the town.

The composer and musician Dominguinhos was also born in the city, as well as the actress Lívia Falcão, well known for her work in both TV and stage.

See also
Further information: Pernambuco museums

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Garanhuns.
  1. IBGE 2020
  2. "Archived copy" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2014. Retrieved 13 March 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
  4. "Normais Climatológicas do Brasil". Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
  5. http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/estimativa2009/POP2009_DOU.pdf IBGE Population 2009 Garanhuns, page 33
  6. Garanhuns 2006 GDP IBGE pág 30 Archived October 3, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  7. PE State site - City by city profile
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