Greater Cairo

The Greater Cairo Region (GCR; Arabic: القاهرة الكبرى, romanized: Al-Qāhira al-Kubrā) is a metropolitan area centered around Cairo, Egypt. It comprises the entirety of the Cairo Governorate, the cities of Imbaba[lower-alpha 1] and Giza in the Giza Governorate, and the city Shubra El Kheima in Qalyubia Governorate.[2][3] Its definition can be expanded to include peri-urban areas and a number of new planned towns founded in the desert areas east and west of Cairo.[3] The Greater Cairo Region is also officially defined as an economic region consisting of the Cairo, Giza, and Qalyubia Governorates.[4][5] Within Greater Cairo lies the largest metropolitan area in Egypt,[6] the largest urban area in Africa, the Middle East, and the Arab world, and the 6th largest metropolitan area in the world.[7]

Greater Cairo Area
القاهرة الكبرى
Metropolitan area
Coordinates: 30°03′N 31°22′E
Country Egypt
Core citiesCairo
Giza
Satellite citiesOct 6
Sheikh Zayed
Shubra El Kheima
Obour
Population
 • Estimate 
(2023)[1]
22,183,000
Time zoneUTC+2 (EGY)

In its larger definition, the area includes all cities in the Cairo Governorate (Cairo, New Cairo, Badr, Shorouk, 15th of May, the New Administrative Capital, and Capital Gardens) as well as the main cities of the Giza Governorate (Giza, 6th of October, New 6th of October, October Gardens, Sheikh Zayed, and New Sphinx) and Shubra El Kheima and Obour in the Qalyubia Governorate.[3] According to an estimate based on United Nations projections, the area had a population of 22,183,000 in 2023.[1] In 2012, when the area's population was estimated at 20.5 million, the population density within Cairo Governorate was estimated at 45,000 per square kilometer (117,00 per square mile).[8]

Climate

The Greater Cairo Area and its surrounding region is classified as hot desert climate (BWh) in Köppen-Geiger classification, as all of Egypt. Cairo and its surrounding region have very similar day to day temperatures; however, the less populated parts at the east and the west do not have the urban heat, which makes them more prone to have soft hail.

Cairo
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
5
 
 
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3
 
 
21
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3
 
 
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1
 
 
29
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30
17
 
 
3
 
 
26
13
 
 
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21
9
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: Weather2Travel[9]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
0.2
 
 
66
45
 
 
0.1
 
 
70
46
 
 
0.1
 
 
75
52
 
 
0
 
 
84
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91
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86
63
 
 
0.1
 
 
79
55
 
 
0.2
 
 
70
48
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

Urban issues
See also: Housing in Egypt

60% of all informal houses in Egypt are located in the Greater Cairo area.[10]

Main cities
Center and south
West
North

Satellite cities and towns
North
South
West
East

Sometimes included
North

See also

Notes
  1. Imbaba is considered a city by the World Bank.[2]
  2. Helwan, a district in southern Cairo, was briefly made a separate city in a new governorate in 2008.[11] It was re-absorbed into the borders of Cairo when this act was repealed in 2011.[12])

References
  1. "Cairo, Egypt Metro Area Population 1950-2023". Macrotrends. Retrieved 25 February 2023.
  2. Egypt - Greater Cairo Urban Development Project (English). Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group. 1982. p. 4.
  3. Sims, David (2011). Understanding Cairo: The Logic of a City Out of Control. Cairo and New York: American University in Cairo Press. pp. 6–7.
  4. Gómez-Álvarez, David; Rajack, Robin; López-Moreno, Eduardo; Lanfranchi, Gabriel, eds. (2014). Steering the Metropolis: Metropolitan Governance for Sustainable Urban Development. Inter-American Development Bank. p. 243. ISBN 978-1-59782-311-1.
  5. "أقليم القاهرة الكبرى". الهيئة العامة للتخطيط العمرانى. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  6. Demographia World Urban Areas & Population Projections (PDF), Demographia, April 2009, retrieved 9 July 2009
  7. R.L. Forstall, R.P. Greene, and J.B. Pick, "Which are the largest? Why published populations for major world urban areas vary so greatly" Archived 31 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine, City Futures Conference, (University of Illinois at Chicago, July 2004) – Table 5 (p.34)
  8. The Evolving Urban Form: Cairo, New Geography, 13 June 2012, retrieved 9 October 2015
  9. "Cairo Climate and Weather Averages, Egypt". Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  10. "Urban Initiatives". UN-Habitat Egypt. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
  11. Leila, Reem (24–30 April 2008). "Redrawing the Map". No. 894. al-Ahram Weekly. Archived from the original on 10 August 2009. Retrieved 12 September 2009.
  12. "Supreme Council of the Armed Forces Decree 63/2011". The Official Gazette. 2011.
  13. "المستثمرون المصريون يطالبون بثورة إدارية في المحليات ويفضلون التعامل مع هيئة المجتمعات العمرانية حاليا". www.albayan.ae (in Arabic). Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  14. "الصفحة الرسمية لجهاز تنمية مدينة 15 مايو". www.facebook.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 16 April 2023.
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