Haplogroup Q-NWT01

Haplogroup Q-NWT01
Haplogroup Q-NWT01
Possible time of origin	Between 4,000 and 7,000 years ago [1]
Possible place of origin	Asia or Beringia
Ancestor	Q-MEH2
Descendants	Q-M120[2]
Defining mutations	NWT01

Haplogroup Q-NWT01 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-MEH2.[1] Haplogroup Q-NWT01 is defined by the presence of the NWT01 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).

Distribution

Q-NWT01 has descendants in the Northwest Territories of modern Canada. It was in these populations that it was discovered.[1]

The Americas

Q-NWT01 is present in pre-Columbian populations in the Canadian Northwest.[1] It also has been found in a specimen of the Saqqaq culture of prehistoric Greenland.[3][4]

Population	Paper	N	Percentage	SNP Tested
Gwich’in	Dulik 2012	0/33	~0.00%	NWT01
Tłįchǫ	Dulik 2012	1/37	~2.70%	NWT01
Inuvialuit	Dulik 2012	25/56	~44.62%	NWT01
Inupiat	Dulik 2012	3/5	~60.00%	NWT01

Asia

Because few samples from Asia have been tested for this lineage, its frequency there is uncertain. However, haplogroup Q-M120 is spread widely in Asia, from Azerbaijan and Kalmykia in the west to Japan in the east and from Mongolia in the north to Brunei in the south, and the entire Q-M120 clade has been determined to be a subclade of Q-NWT01.[3] In addition, Y-DNA that belongs to the Q-B143 subclade like the Saqqaq specimen from Greenland has been found in Koryaks.[4]

Associated SNPs

Q-NWT01 is currently defined by only the NWT01 SNP. As part of the National Geographic Geno 2.0 test, this SNP is labeled F746. This is because it was independently discovered in a Q-M120 sample sequenced with next generation technology.[2] It can also be called PR4083 as it was labeled in a primate sample sequenced at Family Tree DNA's Genomic Research Center.[2]

References

Dulik, M. C.; Owings, A. C.; Gaieski, J. B.; Vilar, M. G.; Andre, A.; Lennie, C.; MacKenzie, M. A.; Kritsch, I.; et al. (2012). "Y-chromosome analysis reveals genetic divergence and new founding native lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking populations". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (22): 8471–6. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.8471D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1118760109. PMC 3365193. PMID 22586127.
Family Tree DNA; Krahn, Thomas. "FTDNA Y Map". Retrieved 17 February 2013.
YFull Haplogroup YTree v6.03.05 at 20 July 2018. Accessed July 20, 2018.
Monika Karmin, Lauri Saag, Mário Vicente, et al. (2015), "A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture." Genome Research 25:1–8. Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; ISSN 1088-9051/15; www.genome.org.

External links

The Y-DNA Haplogroup Q Project

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[vanOven2014-5] Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. S2CID 23291764.

[ISOGG2015-6] International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)

[A0-T-7] Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).

[A1-8] Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.

[LT-9] Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.

[K2-10] Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.

[K2a-11] Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. (This followed the publication of: Poznik GD, Xue Y, Mendez FL, et al. (2016). "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593–9. doi:10.1038/ng.3559. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036. In the past, other haplogroups, including NO (M214) and K2e had also been identified with the name "K2a".

[K2b-12] Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.

[K2e-13] Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a).

[K-M2313-14] K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)

[K2b1-15] Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.

[P-16] Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.

[S-17] Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)

[M-18] Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)

[Dulik2012-1] Dulik, M. C.; Owings, A. C.; Gaieski, J. B.; Vilar, M. G.; Andre, A.; Lennie, C.; MacKenzie, M. A.; Kritsch, I.; et al. (2012). "Y-chromosome analysis reveals genetic divergence and new founding native lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking populations". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (22): 8471–6. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.8471D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1118760109. PMC 3365193. PMID 22586127.

[ymap-2] Family Tree DNA; Krahn, Thomas. "FTDNA Y Map". Retrieved 17 February 2013.

[YFull-3] YFull Haplogroup YTree v6.03.05 at 20 July 2018. Accessed July 20, 2018.

[Karmin2015-4] Monika Karmin, Lauri Saag, Mário Vicente, et al. (2015), "A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture." Genome Research 25:1–8. Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; ISSN 1088-9051/15; www.genome.org.