List of heads of state of Chad
This is a list of heads of state of Chad since the country gained independence from France in 1960 to the present day.
| President of the Republic of Chad | |
|---|---|
| Président de la République du Tchad (French) رئيس جمهورية تشاد (Arabic) | |
 | |
| Residence | Presidential Palace, N'Djamena |
| Term length | 6 years, renewable once |
| Inaugural holder | François Tombalbaye |
| Formation | 23 April 1962 |
| Salary | 800,000 FCFA / month |
| Website | Presidency of Chad |
|
|---|
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A total of six people have served as head of state of Chad (not counting two Interim Heads of State). Additionally, one person, Goukouni Oueddei, has served on two non-consecutive occasions.
The current head of state of Chad is Mahamat Déby, since 20 April 2021, when he took power in a military coup following the death of his father, President Idriss Déby. Mahamat Déby was President of the Transitional Military Council, a military junta, from 20 April 2021 until 10 October 2022, when he was sworn is as Transitional President of the Republic following a "national dialogue".[1][2]
Term limits
In 2018, new Constitution of Chad reinstated two-term limits for the president. It also changed the length of the term from five years to six years.[3]
Titles
- 1960–1962: Head of State
- 1962–1975: President of the Republic
- 1975: Chairman of the Supreme Military Council
- 1975–1978: Head of State
- 1978–1979: President of the Republic
- 1979: Chairman of the Provisional Council of State
- 1979: President of the Transitional Government of National Unity
- 1979: Chairman of the Provisional Administrative Committee
- 1979–1982: President of the Transitional Government of National Unity
- 1982: Chairman of the Command Council of the Armed Forces of the North
- 1982: Chairman of the Council of State
- 1982–1990: President of the Republic
- 1990: President of the Patriotic Salvation Movement
- 1990–1991: President of the Council of State
- 1991–2021: President of the Republic
- 2021–2022: President of the Transitional Military Council[4]
- 2022–present: President of the Republic[1][2]
List of officeholders
- Political parties
- Other factions
- Status
Interim Head of State
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Elected | Term of office | Political party | Prime minister(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| 1 |  |
François Tombalbaye (1918–1975)[lower-alpha 1] |
1962 1969 |
11 August 1960 | 13 April 1975 (assassinated) |
14 years, 245 days | PPT / MNRCS | Position not established |
| – |  |
Noël Milarew Odingar (1932–2007) |
— | 13 April 1975 | 15 April 1975 | 2 days | Military | Position not established |
| 2 | |
Félix Malloum (1932–2009) |
— | 15 April 1975 | 23 March 1979 (resigned) |
3 years, 342 days | Military | Habré |
| 3 | |
Goukouni Oueddei (born 1944) |
— | 23 March 1979 | 29 April 1979 | 37 days | FROLINAT–FAP | Position vacant |
| 4 | |
Lol Mahamat Choua (1939–2019) |
— | 29 April 1979 | 3 September 1979 | 127 days | MPLT | Position vacant |
| (3) | |
Goukouni Oueddei (born 1944) |
— | 3 September 1979 | 7 June 1982 (deposed) |
2 years, 277 days | FROLINAT–FAP | Ngardoum (from 19 May 1982) |
| 5 | .jpg.webp) |
Hissène Habré (1942–2021) |
1989 (referendum) |
7 June 1982 | 2 December 1990 (ousted) |
8 years, 178 days | FAN / UNIR | Ngardoum (until 19 June 1982) |
| 6 |  |
Idriss Déby (1952–2021) |
1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 |
2 December 1990 | 20 April 2021 (killed in action) |
30 years, 139 days | MPS | Bawoyeu Yodoyman Moungar Koumakoye Djimasta Ouaido Yamassoum Kabadi Faki Yoadimnadji Younousmi Koumakoye Abbas Nadingar Dadnadji Deubet Padacké |
| – |  |
Mahamat Déby (born 1984) |
— | 20 April 2021 | Incumbent | 2 years, 190 days | Military | Padacké Kebzabo |
Timeline
Latest election
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idriss Déby | Patriotic Salvation Movement | 3,663,431 | 79.32 | |
| Albert Pahimi Padacké | National Rally for Democracy in Chad | 476,464 | 10.32 | |
| Lydie Beassemda | Party for Democracy and Independence | 145,867 | 3.16 | |
| Félix Romadoumngar Nialbé | Union for Renewal and Democracy | 87,722 | 1.90 | |
| Brice Mbaïmon Guedmbaye | Movement of Patriotic Chadians for the Republic | 64,540 | 1.40 | |
| Baltazar Alladoum Djarma | Chadian Socialist Action for Renewal | 59,965 | 1.30 | |
| Saleh Kebzabo | National Union for Democracy and Renewal | 47,518 | 1.03 | |
| Théophile Bongoro | Party for Rally and Equity in Chad | 34,610 | 0.75 | |
| Théophile Yombombé | Union of Progressive Workers for Cohesion | 19,923 | 0.43 | |
| Ngarlejy Yorongar | Federation, Action for the Republic | 18,693 | 0.40 | |
| Total | 4,618,733 | 100.00 | ||
| Source: CENI | ||||
See also
Notes
- As President of the Transitional Military Council until 10 October 2022[1][2]
- Changed name to N’Garta Tombalbaye on 30 August 1973 due to the policy of Africanization.
References
- Ilunga, Patrick (10 October 2022). "Chadian junta leader Mahamat Deby sworn in as President". The East African. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- "Chad Ruler Raises Hackles with Drawn-Out 'Transition'". Agence France-Presse. Libreville, Gabon. Voice of America. 12 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- Cook, Candace; Siegle, Joseph. "Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa". Africa Center for Strategic Studies.
- "Biography of the President of the Transitional Military Council". Presidency of the Republic of Chad (in French). Retrieved 10 May 2022.
External links
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