Horní Blatná

Horní Blatná (German: Bergstadt Platten) is a town in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants. The town is historically associated with tin mining and is located in the Ore Mountain Mining Region, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Horní Blatná
Town
General view of the town
General view of the town
Flag of Horní Blatná
Flag
Coat of arms of Horní Blatná
Coat of arms
Horní Blatná is located in Czech Republic
Horní Blatná
Horní Blatná
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°23′23″N 12°46′3″E
Country Czech Republic
RegionKarlovy Vary
DistrictKarlovy Vary
Founded1532
Government
 • MayorRobert Petro
Area
 • Total5.63 km2 (2.17 sq mi)
Elevation
888 m (2,913 ft)
Population
 (2023-01-01)[1]
 • Total370
 • Density66/km2 (170/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
362 37
Websitewww.horni-blatna.cz

Geography

Horní Blatná is located about 18 km (11 mi) north of Karlovy Vary. It lies in the Ore Mountains. The highest point is at 1,002 m (3,287 ft) above sea level.

History

The settlement of the area was closely connected with tin mining, the origins of which date back to the end of the 15th century. Horní Blatná was founded as a mining town in 1532. In 1548, it was promoted to a royal mining town by Emperor Ferdinand I and obtained various privileges.[2]

The railway was opened in 1898.[2] According to the census of 1921, the town had the population of 2,090 Germans, 14 Czechoslovaks and 58 foreigners. Vast majority of the inhabitants were Roman Catholics, complemented by 62 Protestants and two people without religion.[3]

From 1938 to 1945, Horní Blatná was occupied by Nazi Germany and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland. After World War II, the town was returned to Czechoslovakia and the local German population was expelled.

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18692,213—    
18802,340+5.7%
18902,524+7.9%
19002,771+9.8%
19102,749−0.8%
YearPop.±%
19212,163−21.3%
19302,341+8.2%
19501,098−53.1%
1961813−26.0%
1970582−28.4%
YearPop.±%
1980448−23.0%
1991367−18.1%
2001468+27.5%
2011474+1.3%
2021349−26.4%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Transport

Horní Blatná is located on the Karlovy Vary–Johanngeorgenstadt railway line.[6]

Sights
Blatenský water ditch in Horní Blatná

The town belongs to the so-called Abertamy – Boží Dar – Horní Blatná Mining Landscape, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of Ore Mountain Mining Region.[7] The most valuable remnant of former mining in the area is the Blatenský water ditch. It is a technical monument, protected as a national cultural monument. It was built in 1540–1544 and was used for mining tin ore and for transporting wood. It is 11.6 km (7.2 mi) long and runs from Horní Blatná to Boží Dar. An educational trail runs along the ditch.[8][9]

The main landmark of the town is the Church of Saint Lawrence. It was built in the Saxon Renaissance style in 1594, originally as a Protestant church. In 1686, it was consecrated as a Catholic church. In 1754, it was rebuilt in the Baroque style and sculptural decoration was added.[10]

The Chapel of the Holy Cross is a large Baroque cemetery chapel from the first half of the 18th century.[11]

References
  1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
  2. "Horní Blatná" (in Czech). Město Horní Blatná. Retrieved 2022-06-15.
  3. Statistický lexikon obcí v Republice Československé (2nd ed.). Prague: Státní úřad statistický. 1924. p. 235.
  4. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Karlovy Vary" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 5–6.
  5. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. "Detail stanice Horní Blatná" (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
  7. "Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region". UNESCO. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
  8. "Blatenský vodní příkop" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
  9. "Naučná stezka kolem Blatenského vodního příkopu" (in Czech). CzechTourism. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
  10. "Kostel sv. Vavřince" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
  11. "Kaple sv. Kříže" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
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