Interleukin-4 receptor

The interleukin 4 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. It is a heterodimer, that is, composed of two subunits. IL4R is the human gene coding for IL-4Rα, the subunit which combines with either common gamma chain (γc, forming the type I IL4 receptor) or with IL-13Rα1 (forming the type II IL4 receptor).[5]

"Cd124" redirects here. For the isotope of cadmium (Cd-124 or 124Cd), see Cadmium-124.
IL4R
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesIL4R, CD124, IL-4RA, IL4RA, Interleukin-4 receptor, interleukin 4 receptor
External IDsOMIM: 147781 MGI: 105367 HomoloGene: 7784 GeneCards: IL4R
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

3566

16190

Ensembl

ENSG00000077238

ENSMUSG00000030748

UniProt

P24394

P16382

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_000418
NM_001008699
NM_001257406
NM_001257407
NM_001257997

NM_001008700
NM_001363983

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000409
NP_001244335
NP_001244336
NP_001244926

NP_001008700
NP_001350912

Location (UCSC)Chr 16: 27.31 – 27.36 MbChr 7: 125.15 – 125.18 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse
Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, N-terminal
interleukin-4 / receptor alpha chain complex
Identifiers
SymbolIL4Ra_N
PfamPF09238
InterProIPR015319
SCOP21iar / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary

Function

This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE antibody production in B cells. Among T cells, the encoded protein also can bind interleukin 4 to promote differentiation of Th2 cells. A soluble form of the encoded protein can be produced by an alternate splice variant or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound protein, and this soluble form can inhibit IL4-mediated cell proliferation and IL5 upregulation by T-cells. Allelic variations in this gene have been associated with atopy, a condition that can manifest itself as allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma, or eczema. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms, a membrane-bound and a soluble form, have been found for this gene.[6] Interactions of IL-4 with TNFα promote structural changes to vascular endothelial cells, thus playing an important role in tissue inflammation.[7]

The binding of IL-4 or IL-13 to the IL-4 receptor on the surface of macrophages results in the alternative activation of those macrophages. Alternatively activated macrophages (AAMΦ) downregulate inflammatory mediators such as IFNγ during immune responses, particularly with regards to helminth infections.[8]

Interactions

Interleukin-4 receptor has been shown to interact with SHC1.[9][10]

Structure

The N-terminal (extracellular) portion of interleukin-4 receptor is related in overall topology to fibronectin type III modules and folds into a sandwich comprising seven antiparallel beta sheets arranged in a three-strand and a four-strand beta-pleated sheet. They are required for binding of interleukin-4 to the receptor alpha chain, which is a crucial event for the generation of a Th2-dominated early immune response.[11]

See also

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000077238 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030748 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. McCormick, Sarah M (14 July 2015). "COMMENTARY: IL-4 AND IL-13 RECEPTORS AND SIGNALING". Cytokine. 75 (1) – via Elsevier ScienceDirect.
  6. "Entrez Gene: IL4R interleukin 4 receptor".
  7. Thornhill, MH; Wellicome, SM; Mahiouz, DL; Lanchbury, JSS; Kyanaung, U; Haskard, DO (Jan 1991). "Tumor-necrosis-factor combines with IL-4 or IFN-gamma to selectively enhance endothelial-cell adhesiveness for T-cells-the contribution of vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1-dependent and molecule-1-independent binding mechanisms". Journal of Immunology. 146 (2): 592–598. PMID 1702807.
  8. Tundup S, Srivastava L, Harn DA (April 2012). "Polarization of host immune responses by helminth-expressed glycans". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1253 (1): E1–E13. Bibcode:2012NYASA1253E...1T. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06618.x. PMID 22974465. S2CID 43256244.
  9. Ikizawa K, Yanagihara Y (February 2000). "Possible involvement of Shc in IL-4-induced germline epsilon transcription in a human B cell line". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 268 (1): 54–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2080. PMID 10652211.
  10. Kashiwada M, Giallourakis CC, Pan PY, Rothman PB (December 2001). "Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif of the IL-4 receptor associates with SH2-containing phosphatases and regulates IL-4-induced proliferation". J. Immunol. 167 (11): 6382–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.11.6382. PMID 11714803.
  11. Hage T, Sebald W, Reinemer P (April 1999). "Crystal structure of the interleukin-4/receptor alpha chain complex reveals a mosaic binding interface". Cell. 97 (2): 271–81. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80736-9. PMID 10219247. S2CID 18795930.

Further reading


This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR015319
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