National highways of India

Entrance of National Highway 44, the longest National Highway in India (from Srinagar to Kanyakumari)

Delhi–Gurgaon Expressway a section of NH 48 connecting Delhi to Gurgaon

National Highway 27 in Gujarat.

A section of National Highway 24 In Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.

India has 161,350 km (100,260 mi) of National Highways as of March 2022 compared to 1,01,011 km in FY 2013-14.[1][2][3]According to Union road transport and highways minister Nitin Gadkari on Tuesday said total length of the national highways in the country increased by about 59% in the last nine years.[1]

National Highways constituted 2.7% of India's total road network, but carried about 40% of road traffic, as of 2013.[4] In 2016, the government vowed to double the highway length from 1,01,011 to 2,00,000 km.[5]

The majority of existing highways are now four-lane roads (two lanes in each direction), though much of this is being expanded to six or more lanes. Some sections of the network are toll roads. Only a few highways are built with concrete. Bypasses have been constructed around larger towns and cities to provide uninterrupted passage for highway traffic. Some existing roads have been reclassified as National Highways.

The National Highways Act, 1956[6] provided for public i.e. state investment in the building and maintenance of the highways.

The National Highways Authority of India was established by the National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988. Section 16(1) of the Act states that the function of NHAI is to develop, maintain, and manage the National Highways and any other highways vested in, or entrusted to, it by the Government of India.

In 1998 India launched a massive program of highway upgrades, called the National Highways Development Project (NHDP), in which the main north–south and east–west corridors and highways connecting the four metropolitan cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata) have been fully paved and widened into four-lane highways. Some of the busier National Highway sectors in India were also converted to four- or six-lane limited-access highways.

National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited started functioning w.e.f. 18 July 2014.[7] It is a fully owned company of Government of India under Ministry of Road Transport and Highways and was created to develop, maintain and manage the national highways, strategic roads and other infrastructure of India. It was dedicated to the task of promoting regional connectivity in parts of the country which share international boundaries. It is responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways in hilly terrain of North-East part of India, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh and Uttarakhand. It works as a specialised agency in high altitude areas and border areas. Apart from highways, NHIDCL is constructing logictic hubs and transport related infrastructure e.g. multimodal transport hubs such as bus ports, container depots, automated multilevel car parking etc.

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways adopted a new systematic numbering of National Highways in April 2010.[8] It is a systematic numbering scheme based on the orientation and the geographic location of the highway. The new system indicates the direction of National Highways whether they are east–west (odd numbers) or north–south (even numbers). It also indicates the geographical region where they are with even numbers increasing from east to west starting from NH2 and odd numbers increasing from north to south starting from NH1.[9]

Bharatmala, a centrally-sponsored and funded road and highways project of the Government of India[10] with a target of constructing 83,677 km (51,994 mi)[11] of new highways, has been started in 2018. Phase I of the Bharatmala project involves the construction of 34,800 km of highways (including the remaining projects under NHDP) at an estimated cost of ₹5.35 lakh crore (US$67 billion) by 2021-22.[12]

As at end-March and length in Kms Source: Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India.

State-wise Length of National Highways[21] Note:Yearly data for 2018 and 2020 are not available.

National Highways Authority of India has enough funds to increase the pace of road building. At the listing ceremony of the National Highways Infra Trust's(NHAI InVITs) non-convertible debentures, The National Highway Infra Trust has issued and listed Non-Convertible Debentures or NCDs worth Rs 1,500 crore on the Bombay Stock Exchange, with a long-dated maturity of 25 years.[22]

NHAI has collected toll worth Rs 34,742 crore on national highways in FY22.[23] Additionally NHAI toll revenue will to soar to Rs 1.40 lakh crores in next three years.[24]

Brownfield National Highway Projects which is a upgradation/widening of existing 4 lane highways into 6 lane highways which are not controlled access highways.[25]

• The longest National Highway is NH44,[26] which runs between Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir and Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, covering a distance of 3,806 km (2,365 mi).
• The shortest National Highway is NH766EE,[27][28] which spans 4.27 km (2.65 mi), from Hettikeri to Belekeri port in Karnataka.

• The Leh–Manali Highway connecting Leh in Ladakh to Manali in Himachal Pradesh is the world's second highest-altitude motorable highway.

• List of National Highways in India by highway number
• List of National Highways in India by state
• List of National Highways in India by union territory
• India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway
• Roads in India

Wikimedia Commons has media related to National highways in India.

• Story of a village by the highways