Jalgaon district

Jalgaon district (Marathi pronunciation: [d͡ʒəɭɡaːʋ]) is a district in Maharashtra, India. Its headquarters is the Jalgaon city.[2]

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Jalgaon.

Jalgaon district
District
Clockwise: Jalgaon district headquarter, a mountain view, a monkey in wild of Ghodasgaon, Purna river, Changdeva Temple and Tapi river
Location in Maharashtra
Location in Maharashtra
Country India
StateMaharashtra
DivisionNashik
HeadquartersJalgaon
TalukaJalgaon, Muktainagar, Bhusawal, Jamner, Chalisgaon, Bhadgaon, Dharangaon, Bodwad, Yawal, Raver, Amalner, Chopda, Parola, Pachora, Erandol
Government
 • BodyJalgaon Zilla Parishad'
 • Guardian ministerGulab Raghunath Patil
(Cabinet Minister Mha)
 • President of the Zilla ParishadRanjanabai Pralhad Patil
 • District CollectorAyush Prasad
 • CEO Zilla ParishadPankaj Aashiya
 • MPsUnmesh Patil (Jalgaon)
Area
[1]
 • Total11,765 km2 (4,542 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total4,229,917
 • Density360/km2 (930/sq mi)
 • Urban
31.74%
Demographics
 • Literacy79.72%
 • Sex ratio925
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationMH 19
Major highwaysNH 53, NH-211
Average annual precipitation690 mm
Websitejalgaon.gov.in

It is bordered by the state of Madhya Pradesh to the north and by the districts of Buldhana to the east, Jalna to the southeast, Aurangabad to the south, Nashik to the southwest, and Dhule to the west.[2]

Before 10 October 1960 the district was known as East Khandesh district (Devnagari : पुर्व खान्देश जिल्हा). It was created by the British government by bifurcating erstwhile Khandesh district in 1906 into East Khandesh and West Khandesh district. From 1906 to 1956 it was part of Bombay Presidency and amid 1956-60 was in bilangual Bombay State.[2]

History

Jalgaon is the eastern part of the Khandesh region, known in ancient times as Rasika. Southern parts of Jalgaon were controlled by the Vatsagumla Vakatakas by 5th century, as evidenced by copper plates dated to 316 and 367. Two plates were issued from Valkha, modern Waghli near Chalisgaon. In 10th and 11th century Jalgaon district constituted a part of Seuna-Desa of Yadav kingdom. It then became part of the Delhi Sultanate.[3]

In 1795, the Nizam of Hyderabad was forced to cede Khandesh to the Marathas after the Battle of Kharda. Much of Khandesh was given to the Holkars, and the remainder was divided between the Peshwas and Scindias. The part the Peshwa received was made into a separate subha containing Gaulana, Khandesh, Meiwar, Bajagur, Pallnemaur, and Hindia. This included what would be known as Jalgaon district. After the Third Anglo-Maratha War this territory came under British control.[4]: 7 

In 1864, Jalgaon municipality was established.[5][2]

Before 1906, this district's region was part of Khandesh district. In 1906, it got divided into two districts : East Khandesh and West Khandesh,[6] with East Khandesh covering the territory that is now Jalgaon district have.[7] East Khandesh's Chalisgaon taluka's 13 enclave villages was transferred to neighbouring Aurangabad district.[8]

After the 1956 reorganisation of India's states, East Khandesh became part of Bombay State. Four years later, in 1960, it became part of the newly formed Maharashtra and was renamed Jalgaon and Dhulia Districts, respectively.


Education

Till 1960-61, there were only two colleges in Jalgaon district – Mooljee Jetha Arts and Science college and Pratap college at Amalner. These colleges was affiliated to Poona University. Around 1961, three more colleges started at Chalisgaon, Bhusawal and Faizpur.[3]

Railways

In British Raj, the building of railway line in the limit of Khandesh district started in 1852 and opened for trains in 1861 and 1865. Before, there was no railway transportation in the district. The British government also built a number of small station like Jalgaon, Nashirabad Bhadli, Varangaon, Nadgaon stations in the cost of £ 300to £500 (Rs 3000 - 15,000) with a station master's room and booking office. There has been built a big station at Bhusawal.[9]

Geography

The district covers an area of 11,765 km2.[4]

Climate
  • Waghur Dam Sunset
    Waghur Dam Sunset
  • Manyad Dam
    Manyad Dam

On average, Jalgaon receives between 77 cm and 80 cm of rainfall per year. In the easternmost part of the district—i.e., in Yawal—the average annual rainfall is 77 cm; in Bhusawal, Pachora, and the city of Jalgaon, it is 79 cm; and in Jamner, it is 80 cm.[10]

Rivers

The Tapi River flows through Jalgaon from the north.[6] Its total length is 724 km, of which 208 km are in Maharashtra. The Tapti has numerous tributaries in and around the district, including the Purna, Aner, Bhuleshwari, Biswa, Chandrabhaga, Dolar, Gadgi, Kapara, Katpurna, Man, Morana, Nalganga, Nand, Pedhi, Sipana, and Wan Rivers.[10]

Divisions

Jalgaon district consists of 15 talukas, or tehsils: Dharangaon, Amalner, Bhadgaon, Bhusawal, Bodwad, Chalisgaon, Chopda, Erandol, Jalgaon, Jamner, Muktainagar, Pachora, Parola, Raver, and Yawal. Jalgaon city is the administrative headquarters.

The district has 11 constituencies in the Vidhan Sabha, the state legislative assembly: Amalner, Bhusawal, Chalisgaon, Chopda, Erandol, Jalgaon City, Jalgaon Rural, Jamner, Muktainagar, Pachora, and Raver. It has two constituencies in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament: Raver and Jalgaon.[11]

Administration

Members of Parliament

Guardian Minister


Demographics

It has a population of 4,229,917 as of the 2011 census.[4]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901954,077—    
19111,028,126+0.75%
19211,069,656+0.40%
19311,198,260+1.14%
19411,320,074+0.97%
19511,471,351+1.09%
19611,765,047+1.84%
19712,123,121+1.86%
19812,618,274+2.12%
19913,187,634+1.99%
20013,682,690+1.45%
20114,229,917+1.40%
source:[12]

As of the 2011 census, Jalgaon district had a population of 4,229,917,[4] roughly equal to that of the Republic of the Congo[13] or the United States' state of Kentucky.[14] It is the 46th most populous of India's 640 districts.[4]

The population density is 359 inhabitants per square kilometre (930/sq mi).[4] The population growth rate from 2001 to 2011 was 14.71%.[4] Jalgaon has a sex ratio of 925 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 79.73%. 31.74% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 9.20% and 14.28% of the population respectively.[4]

Religion

Religion in Jalgaon District (2011)[15]

  Hinduism (81.74%)
  Islam (13.24%)
  Buddhism (3.40%)
  Jainism (0.65%)
  Other or not stated (0.97%)


Year Male Female Total Population Change Religion (%)
Hindu Muslim Christian Sikhs Buddhist Jain Other religions and persuasions Religion not stated
2001[16] 289803 263922 553725 - 81.051 14.469 0.129 0.121 2.705 1.366 0.071 0.087
2011[17] 2197365 2032552 4229917 6.639 81.742 13.245 0.168 0.073 3.401 0.648 0.228 0.495

Languages

Languages in Jalgaon district (2011)[18]

  Marathi (63.45%)
  Khandeshi (12.15%)
  Urdu (7.74%)
  Hindi (6.02%)
  Lambadi (2.77%)
  Bhili (1.61%)
  Pawri (1.47%)
  Tadvi (1.14%)
  Other (3.65%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 63.45% of the population in the district spoke Marathi, 12.15% Khandeshi, 7.74% Urdu, 6.02% Hindi, 2.77% Lambadi, 1.61% Bhili, 1.47% Pawri and 1.00% Tadvi as their first language.[18]

Education

North Maharashtra University named for Kavayatri Bahinabai Chaudhari was established in the city of Jalgaon on 15 August 1989 and serves as the regional university. Government Polytechnic Jalgaon was established in 1960. The district is also home to schools and colleges of the Khandesh Education Society and Maratha Vidya Prasarak Mandal and the Government Polytechnic Jalgaon.

Medical Education

Government Medical College, Jalgaon is a tertiary medical college in Jalgaon that was established in 2018 and offers undergraduate course in MBBS. Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical college. is a privately operated medical college.

Literature

Jalgaon district is well known as birthplace of renowned Marathi poet Bahinabai Chaudhari, who wrote many poems addressing to the village life and about rural women's and hardship of farmers of the district. Balkawi alias Trambak Bapuji Thombre was born in Jalgaon. To honor literary work of Bahinabai North Maharashtra University adapted her name and now the university is known as Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University.[19][20]

Economy

The district is well known for its significant banana cultivation. The district's administrative center, Jalgaon city, is a well known hub for gold jewellery shopping and business. The Bhusawal Thermal Power Station is near Bhusaval.

Media

The major Marathi-language newspapers published in Jalgaon are Deshdoot, Deshonnati, Divya Marathi, Lokmat, the Maharashtra Times, and Sakal.

Notable people

References
  1. "About District | District Jalgaon, Government of Maharashtra | India". Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  2. District census handbook Jalgaon. Mumbai: Directorate of census operations Maharashtra. 2014. p. 7. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  3. Singh Deol, Ranjit (31 May 2014). "District census handbook Jalgaon , series 28" (PDF). District Census Handbook Jalgaon 2011. XII–B: 8 – via Censusindia.gov.in.
  4. "District Census Hand Book – Buldhana" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  5. District census handbook Jalgaon (year 1961) (PDF). Bombay: The Maharashtra census office Bombay. 1966. p. 10. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  6. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Khandesh, East and West" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 771.
  7. Campbell, James M., ed. (1880). Khandesh District Gazetteer (Facsimile) (Volume XII ed.). Gazetteer of Bombay Presidency. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  8. District census handbook Jalgaon (PDF). The Maharashtra census office Bombay. 1966. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  9. Campbell, James M. (1880). Gazetteer of Bombay presidency : Khandesh. Bombay presidency, India: British Government of India. p. 1.
  10. ISBN 938072559-0
  11. "District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies". Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website. Archived from the original on 18 March 2010.
  12. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  13. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Congo, Republic of the 4,243,929
  14. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Kentucky 4,339,367
  15. "C-01: Population by religious community". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner India. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  16. Census India 2001.
  17. Census India 2011.
  18. "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Maharashtra". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  19. Suryawanshi, Sudhir (3 May 2018). "Maharashtra University named after poet Bahinabai who never went to school". DNA India. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  20. "Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon > Home". nmu.ac.in. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
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