January 1900

January 1900 was the first month of that exceptional common year. It began on a Monday and ended after 31 days on a Wednesday.

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January 30, 1900: Kentucky Governor-Elect Goebel is fatally wounded by assassin, just one day before taking office. Governor Goebel dies on February 3, 1900
January 7, 1900: Tesla closes down his Colorado Springs laboratory

The following events occurred in January 1900:

January 1, 1900 (Monday)

January 2, 1900 (Tuesday)

January 3, 1900 (Wednesday)

January 4, 1900 (Thursday)

  • In Manila, Philippines, General Elwell Otis, the highest ranking American officer, issued orders providing for the first regulations of the sale of liquor in the city. "Until January 4, 1900", wrote the Assistant Adjutant-General, "there was, strictly speaking, no liquor license law in Manila."[6]
  • An earthquake was registered in Tiflis (now Tbilisi, Georgia), killing more than 1,000 people. Ten villages, along with the town of Akhalkalaki were destroyed.[7][8]
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January 5, 1900 (Friday)

January 6, 1900 (Saturday)

January 7, 1900 (Sunday)

January 8, 1900 (Monday)

January 9, 1900 (Tuesday)

January 10, 1900 (Wednesday)

January 11, 1900 (Thursday)

  • Following a drought during the 1899 rainy season, famine affected more than three million people in the Central Provinces of British India.[38] The colonial government extended the area for famine relief in response to reports.[8]
  • The New York Times reported that new cleaning machines had been placed in use at the Navy Department offices in Washington, D.C., with rubber tires and spreading brushes. The machines were operated by the women who formerly scrubbed the floor by hand.[39]

January 12, 1900 (Friday)

  • Wilhelm Eppstein, an 18-year old German sailor, became the first person in Australia to die of bubonic plague. Eppstein had traveled from Gawler, South Australia to the Adelaide Hospital, arriving on January 1 "in a semi-delirious condition", and said that he had deserted from the ship Formosa after it had arrived on November 12. Following his death in quarantine, an autopsy confirmed the presence of the plague bacteria.[40][41]
  • Henry Ford introduced his first commercial motor vehicle, a two-seat electric-powered delivery wagon, under the name of the five-month old Detroit Automobile Company (D.A.C.), which would produce eleven other models of cars before going bankrupt in November, at the rate of two per day. "Every one of the 12 or so vehicles produced through late 1900 had its own unique set of problems," a biographer would write later, "causing rip ups, tear downs, and redos that resulted in extensive, and expensive, delays. Motor vehicles retailed to the public for $1,000 were in fact costing about $1,250 to build."[42] Rather than departing the business after the failure of the D.A.C., Ford would spend a year at designing a new, gasoline-powered automobile, and launch the Ford Motor Company on November 30, 1901.[43]
  • The Canadian Patriotic Fund was announced by Lord Minto, the Governor General of Canada, as a way of coordinating relief for Canadian soldiers (or their dependents) who had been casualties of the Second Boer War.[44] The fund would be incorporated by the Parliament of Canada on May 23, 1901[45] and would raise $339,975.63 during its existence, with charitable disbursements to 1,066 recipients.[44]
  • Born: Fuller Albright, American endocrinologist, identified two genetic illnesses, Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and McCune–Albright syndrome; in Buffalo, New York (d. 1969)

January 13, 1900 (Saturday)

Senator Hoar
  • John Barrett, formerly the U.S. Ambassador to Siam (now Thailand), said in a speech at Lake Forest College that the insurrection by Emilio Aguinaldo in the Philippines had been brought about by an anti-expansion speech made on January 9, 1899, by U.S. Senator George F. Hoar. The speech to the United States Senate had been cabled to Hong Kong at cost of $4,000. "I was in the islands, and I know that many of the Filipinos were more friendly to the Americans than to Aguinaldo and his leaders until they were incited to war by such circulars as these", Barrett said. Senator Hoar denied the accusations.[46]
  • The hospital at Johns Hopkins University began use of a small square of adhesive plaster as a tag on a baby's back, between the shoulder blades. "It holds on tightly until the time comes for the baby and its mother to leave the hospital, when the tag may be readily pulled off without causing the baby any pain", a spokesman said.[47]

January 14, 1900 (Sunday)

January 15, 1900 (Monday)

January 16, 1900 (Tuesday)

Colson

January 17, 1900 (Wednesday)

Roberts

January 18, 1900 (Thursday)

  • The Battle of Mazocoba was fought during the Yaqui Wars between Mexican government troops and the indigenous Yaqui Indians, 400 of the Yaqui were killed. Another 1,800 of the defeated people were captured, of whom half died during a forced march. The Mexican Army suffered 56 deaths and 104 wounded.[62]
  • The Weyerhauser Timber Company was incorporated in Washington.[4]
  • The Delaware Supreme Court refused to admit a prominent Philadelphia attorney, Carrie B. Kilgore, into the practice of law in that state. Although there was no direct ban against female attorneys in Delaware, Kilgore was indirectly barred by the state's provision that an attorney had to be "eligible to vote" in an election.[63]
  • Author L. Frank Baum and illustrator W. W. Denslow jointly copyrighted their new book, The Land of Oz, after receiving an advance of $500 apiece from the George M. Hill Company. The Hill company had rejected their original title, The Emerald City and (on November 17) had given the upcoming publication the working title of From Kansas to Fairyland, before allowing the creators to use the Oz name in the title. The book would be released on May 17 under the title The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.[64]

January 19, 1900 (Friday)

Bergen

January 20, 1900 (Saturday)

  • At the request of Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, the director of the German Imperial Naval Office, Admiral Otto von Diederichs presented contingency plans for a naval blockade and an armed invasion of the United States. The recommendation of Diederichs was "Die Erwerbung werthvoller Küstenstadte der Neuenglandstaaten wäre das wirksamste mittel, den frieden zu erzwingen" ("The acquisition of valuable coastal towns of New England states would be the most effective medium to enforce peace.")[69] He also advised that the German naval fleet would need to be doubled, to 38 line ships, 12 large cruisers and 32 small cruisers.
  • George and Edward Meeks, murderers of Leopold Edlinger, were taken from Bates County Jail in Fort Scott, Kansas, and lynched by a mob of 500.[70]
  • Died: British philosopher John Ruskin, 80, whose writings influenced the Victorian era from influenza during an epidemic in London (b. 1819)[71]

January 21, 1900 (Sunday)

January 22, 1900 (Monday)

January 23, 1900 (Tuesday)

January 24, 1900 (Wednesday)

  • At a closed session in Beijing, a council of "Grand Councillors, Grand Secretaries and Presidents of the Board" was convened, and agreed that the Guangxu Emperor should abdicate.[79] P'u Ch'un, age 14, was announced as heir apparent to the throne.[80]
January 24, 1900: Three pictures of British casualties after the Battle of Spion Kop. The last picture shows the grave marker above the trenches where the British casualties are buried.
  • At the Battle of Spion Kop in the Second Boer War, the 8,000 Boer troops, under the command of General Louis Botha, defeated a 25,000-man British contingent, led by Sir Charles Warren. General Redvers Buller cabled to London that "Gen. Warren's garrison, I am sorry to say, I find this morning, had in the night abandoned Spion Kop."[81][82] Because the slope below Spion Kop was too steep, artillery could not be taken up the hill by either side, and the battle was waged entirely by riflemen. The British reportedly had 243 dead and 1,250 wounded, along with about 300 men captured by the Boers, but the Boers' victory came at a cost of 335 total casualties,[83] including 68 killed and 267 wounded.[84]

January 25, 1900 (Thursday)

January 26, 1900 (Friday)

January 27, 1900 (Saturday)

January 28, 1900 (Sunday)

  • At the restaurant "Zum Mariengarten", in Leipzig, representatives from 86 football associations met at the invitation of Theoder Schoffler, to organize the German Football Association. A limestone plaque at the Friedrich Hofmeister Verlag on Buttnerstrasse commemorates the occasion.[88]
  • In Baltimore, Police Marshal Hamilton enforced Maryland's 177-year-old blue law, Article XXVII, section 247, which provided that "No person shall work or do any bodily labor on the Lord's Day". Every store in the city was ordered closed, including businesses that formerly had arranged open. The New York Times reported that "every cigar store, corner grocery, bakery and the like were closed up tight" and that the police were ordered to take the names of violators for future prosecution.[89][90]

January 29, 1900 (Monday)

January 30, 1900 (Tuesday)

  • William Goebel, who had run for Governor of Kentucky against William S. Taylor and who had taken a court challenge over the results, was found to be the winner of the recent state election. As he and his bodyguards, Colonel Jack Chinn and Warden E. P. Lillard of the state penitentiary, walked to the Kentucky Senate chamber, he was hit by gunfire that came from the neighboring state office building. Goebel attempted to draw his own revolver but collapsed on the pavement. Chinn said later that Goebel told him, "They have got me this time. I guess they have killed me." It was determined that the shots were from a .38 caliber rifle.
  • Born: Martita Hunt, Argentine-born British actress; in Buenos Aires (d. 1969)

January 31, 1900 (Wednesday)

References

  1. Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States. Government Printing Office. 1902. p. 86.
  2. "The 'Open Door' In China". The New York Times. January 3, 1900. p. 1.
  3. Curruth, Garton, ed. (1962). The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates (3d. ed.). Thomas Y. Crowell & Co. p. 389.
  4. Lange, Greg (January 20, 2006). "Frederick Weyerhaeuser makes one of the largest land purchases in United States history on January 3, 1900.". HistoryLink. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  5. "Fears For A Transport". The New York Times. January 4, 1900. p. 1.
  6. Annual Reports of the War Department for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1900. p. 301.
  7. "Eight Hundred Lives Lost". The Atlanta Constitution. January 5, 1900. p. 2.
  8. The Annual Register of World Events, 1900. Longmans, Green, and Co. 1901. p. 461.
  9. "Senator Baker Gives Up His Fight". The New York Times. January 5, 1900. p. 1.
  10. Bond, Mary Wickham (1966). How 007 Got His Name. 62 p., ill., 2 b/w pls. London: Collins.
  11. "Magnetism of the Earth". The New York Times. January 6, 1900. p. 1.
  12. "One German Steamer Released". The New York Times. January 10, 1900. p. 1.
  13. Briggs, Herbert Whittaker (2003). The Law of Continuous Voyage. William S. Hein Publishing. pp. 83–84.
  14. "Gen. White is Hard Pressed". The New York Times. January 8, 1900. p. 1.
  15. "White's Total Loss Was 417"; Jan 6 attack on Ladysmith left 148 dead and 271 wounded
  16. Annual Register 1900. p. 2.
  17. "Vanderbilts in Control". The New York Times. January 9, 1900. p. 1.
  18. "Assault on Gen. Greely". The New York Times. January 8, 1900. p. 1.
  19. Cheney, Margaret (1999). Tesla, Master of Lightning. Barnes & Noble Publishing. p. 35.
  20. Iverson, Peter (2002). Diné: A History of the Navajos. University of New Mexico Press. p. 73.
  21. Correll, J. Lee; Watson, Editha L. (1972). Welcome to the Land of the Navajo (PDF). Navajo Tribe. p. 114.
  22. "Military Rule For Alaska". The New York Times. January 9, 1900. p. 8.
  23. "Infidel Books are Burned". The Atlanta Constitution. January 22, 1900. p. 1.
  24. Niiya, Bryan. Japanese American History. p. 34.
  25. History of S.S. Lazio
  26. "Mr. Balfour on the Crisis". The New York Times. January 10, 1900. p. 1.
  27. "Pulitzer Home Destroyed". The New York Times. January 10, 1900. p. 3.
  28. "M'Govern Conquers Dixon". The New York Times. January 10, 1900. p. 2.
  29. Bailey, Theodorus; Mason, Myers (1910). The British Almanac. Cassell. p. 418.
  30. Matthews, Herbert L. (1972). A World in Revolution. Scribner. p. 2.
  31. "Lord Roberts at Cape Town". The New York Times. January 11, 1900. p. 1.
  32. Gale & Polden (2008). A Handbook of the Boer War. BiblioBazaar LLC. p. 158.
  33. "News of the Week". Public Opinion. January 18, 1900. p. 91.
  34. Bredohl, Thomas M.; Zimmermann, Michael (2008). Berlin's Culturescape in the 20th Century. University of Regina Press. p. 57.
  35. "Mr. Root Not a Candidate". The New York Times. January 11, 1900. p. 1.
  36. "Gov. Taylor Will Hold On". The New York Times. January 11, 1900. p. 1.
  37. "Held for Selling Confederate Money". The New York Times. January 11, 1900. p. 1.
  38. "India's Plight is Now Worse Than Ever". The Post-Standard. Syracuse, New York. January 9, 1900. p. 2.
  39. "Scrubbing Machines Used". The New York Times. January 12, 1900. p. 1.
  40. "The Bubonic Plague— Sensational Developments— Two Cases in Adelaide". The Sydney Morning Herald. January 15, 1900. p. 6.
  41. Echenberg, Myron (2010). Plague Ports: The Global Urban Impact of Bubonic Plague, 1894–1901. New York University Press. p. 244-247.
  42. Curcio, Vincent (2013). Henry Ford. Oxford University Press. p. 32.
  43. Collier, Peter; Horowitz, David (2002). The Fords: An American Epic. Encounter Books. pp. 23–27.
  44. Heath, Gordon L. (2009). War with a Silver Lining: Canadian Protestant Churches and the South African War, 1899–1902. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 80.
  45. Morton, Desmond (2004). Fight Or Pay: Soldiers' Families in the Great War. University of British Columbia Press. p. 53.
  46. "Mr. Hoar's Part in the Filipino War". The New York Times. January 15, 1900. p. 1.
  47. "Device to Identify Babies". The New York Times. January 14, 1900. p. 2.
  48. "'La Tosca' Sung in Rome". The New York Times. January 29, 1900. p. 5.
  49. Weaver, William (2000). The Puccini Companion. W. W. Norton. p. 161.
  50. Louvish, Simon (1999). Man on the Flying Trapeze: The Life and Times of W. C. Fields. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 87.
  51. Derrick, Peter (2002). Tunneling to the Future: The Story of the Great Subway Expansion That Saved New York. New York University Press. p. 41.
  52. "Three Men Shot To Death By Ex-Congressman". The Atlanta Constitution. January 17, 1900. p. 1.
  53. "Samoan Treaty is Ratified". The New York Times. January 17, 1900. p. 1.
  54. Mojares, Resil B. (1999). The War Against the Americans: Resistance and Collaboration in Cebu, 1899–1906. Ateneo de Manila University Press. pp. 53–54.
  55. "Roberts of Utah Barred". The New York Times. January 18, 1900. p. 5.
  56. Rowell, Chester Harvey (1901). A Historical and Legal Digest of All the Contested Election Cases. Government Printing Office. p. 582.
  57. "The Chicago Canal Opened". The New York Times. January 18, 1900. p. 8.
  58. "Permanent Injunction Asked". The New York Times. January 11, 1900. p. 8.
  59. "Indians Seek Independence". The New York Times. January 18, 1900. p. 1.
  60. "Mexicans Defeat Yaquis". The New York Times. January 21, 1900. p. 1.
  61. "Settlers Go to Canada". The New York Times. January 17, 1900. p. 10.
  62. Marley, David, ed. (2008). "Portents in Mexico (1899–1910)". Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present. ABC-CLIO. pp. 921–922.
  63. "Woman Lawyers Barred; Cannot Practice in Delaware, Where All Officers Must Be Voters". The New York Times. January 19, 1900. p. 1.
  64. Rogers, Katharine M. (2007). L. Frank Baum: Creator of Oz: A Biography. Macmillan. p. 88.
  65. "Kills His Entire Family". The New York Times. January 20, 1900. p. 7.
  66. Snelling, Dennis (2014). Johnny Evers: A Baseball Life. McFarland. p. 205.
  67. "The Bubonic Plague— Suspicious Case in Sydney". Sydney Morning Herald. January 25, 1900. p. 5.
  68. Duka, Cecilio D. (2008). Struggle For Freedom: A Textbook on Philippine History. Rex Bookstore. p. 192.
  69. Kennedy, Paul (1979). The War Plans of the Great Powers 1880–1914. Routledge. pp. 48–49.
  70. "Two Lynched in Kansas". The New York Times. January 21, 1900. p. 1.
  71. Hewison, Robert (2007). John Ruskin. Oxford University Press. p. 109.
  72. "Anne Ellsworth Smith Dead – She Sent the First Telegraphic Message in 1844". The Atlanta Constitution. January 22, 1900. p. 1.
  73. Massey, Peter; Wilson, Jeanne (2006). Backcountry Adventures Utah: The Ultimate Guide to the Utah Backcountry for Anyone with a Sport Utility Vehicle. Adler Publishing. p. 69.
  74. O'Neal, Bill, ed. (1991). ""Christianson, Willard Erastus" ("Matt Warner", "Mormon Kid")". Encyclopedia of Western Gunfighters. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 58.
  75. "Big Newspaper Reading Room". The New York Times. January 23, 1900. p. 1.
  76. "Prof. Hazen Badly Injured". The New York Times. January 23, 1900. p. 1.
  77. "Henry Allen Hazen Dead". The New York Times. January 24, 1900. p. 1.
  78. "Great Austrian Mine Strike", 70,000 men have already quit work-- industries may be paralyzed" The New York Times, January 23, 1900, p. 1
  79. Yen, Hawkling Lugine (2005). A Survey of Constitutional Development in China. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 116.
  80. Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States. United States Government Printing Office. 1902. p. 91.
  81. "Spion Kop Taken By Gen. Warren". The New York Times. January 26, 1900. p. 1.
  82. "Warren's Retreat Depresses London; news that he has abandoned Spion Kop causes a shock". The New York Times. January 28, 1900. p. 1.
  83. Farwell, Byron (2001). "Spion Kop". The Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Land Warfare: An Illustrated World View. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 779.
  84. "The Battle of Spion Kop". British Battles. Archived from the original on 25 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
  85. Yen, Hawkling Lugine (2005). A Survey of Constitutional Development in China. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 117.
  86. Cohen, Paul A. (1997). History in Three Keys: The Boxers as Event, Experience and Myth. Columbia University Press. p. 44.
  87. "Porto Rico and not Puerto Rico". The Atlanta Constitution. January 28, 1900. p. 2.
  88. ""Leipzig sportlich": The foundation of the German Soccer Federation (DFB) in Leipzig". Archived from the original on 2010-06-17. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
  89. "Sunday Crusade in Baltimore". The New York Times. January 28, 1900. p. 1.
  90. "Blue Laws In Baltimore". The New York Times. January 29, 1900. p. 1.
  91. "Baseball Magnates Meet". The New York Times. January 30, 1900. p. 9.
  92. "The New Baseball Circuit". The New York Times. January 31, 1900. p. 9.
  93. "Goebel is Sworn in as Governor; Kentucky Boasts Two Executives", The Atlanta Constitution, February 1, 1900, p. 1
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