Japan Renewal Party

The Japan Renewal Party (新生党, Shinseitō, abbr.: JRP) was a Japanese political party that existed in the early 1990s.[3] It was founded in 1993 by 44 members of the Liberal Democratic Party led by Tsutomu Hata and Ichirō Ozawa. It was instrumental in ending the LDP's 38-year dominance of Japanese politics.

Japan Renewal Party
新生党
Shinseitō
PresidentTsutomu Hata
Secretary-GeneralIchirō Ozawa
FoundersTsutomu Hata
Ichirō Ozawa
Founded23 June 1993[1]
Dissolved9 December 1994
Split fromLiberal Democratic Party
(Hata faction)[1]
Merged intoNew Frontier Party[1]
IdeologyReformism[1][2]
Neoconservatism[1]
Deregulation[1]

Both reformers, Hata and Ozawa had been involved in a difficult leadership struggle within the former Takeshita faction of the LDP. Their opponents, led by Keizo Obuchi and Ryutaro Hashimoto, were using the fallout of the Sagawa Kyubin scandal as a tool to undermine the reformist position. Hata and Ozawa split from the party partly to shift media attention away from the scandal. In doing so, they transformed an internal party dispute to a wide-ranging conflict that led to a decade of shifting allegiances and short-lived parties.

In the elections immediately following the split, the JRP won 55 seats, making it one of the most powerful opposition parties. Most importantly, the party drew off support crucial to the LDP. While several other small parties had split from the LDP, Hata and Ozawa's group was the largest, and was widely considered to have finally broken the back of LDP dominance.

Known for his political organisational skills, Ozawa organised a five-party coalition of the JRP, the Japan Socialist Party, the Democratic Socialist Party, Komeito and the United Social Democratic Party. This coalition held 237 seats in the Diet, and after convincing the Japan New Party and the New Party Sakigake to join, was able to form a government under Morihiro Hosokawa.

As the impetus for the collapse of LDP power, the JRP was able to exert great power in the coalition. While some concessions to other parties were made, the JRP was perhaps overly dominant, eventually forcing some other members out of the coalition through its heavy-handed style. In 1994, the JRP merged into the New Frontier Party.

Presidents of JRP
No. Name
(Birth–death)		 Constituency / title Term of office Image Prime Minister (term)
Took office Left office
Split from: Liberal Democratic Party
1 Tsutomu Hata
(1935–2017)
 Rep for
Nagano 2nd		 23 June 1993 9 December 1994 Miyazawa 1991–93
Hosokawa 1993–94
himself 1994
Murayama 1994–96
Successor party: New Frontier Party

Election results
Election Leader Votes  % Seats Position Status
1993 Tsutomu Hata 6,341,364 10.10
55 / 511
 3rd Governing coalition

References
  1. Hashimoto, Goro; Mizuno, Masayuki. 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)の解説 [The Nihon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica's explanation]. kotobank.jp (in Japanese). The Asahi Shimbun Company. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  2. Mendl, Wolf (1997). Japan's Asia Policy: Regional Security and Global Interests. Routledge. p. 272. ISBN 0-415-16466-4. Retrieved 20 September 2021. It is more significant that the three new reformist parties which contested the election—Shinseito (Japan Renewal Party), Nihon Shinto (Japan New Party) and Sakigake (Harbinger Party)—were all led by former politicians of the LDP.
  3. Hoover, William D. (2011). Historical Dictionary of Postwar Japan. The Scarecrow Press. p. 129. ISBN 9780810854604.
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