Joint Strike Missile

The Joint Strike Missile (JSM) is a multi-role, air-launched cruise missile under development by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace and American company Raytheon Missiles & Defense. The JSM is derived from the Naval Strike Missile.

Joint Strike Missile
TypeAir-launched anti-ship or land attack cruise missile
Place of originNorway & United States
Production history
ManufacturerKongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Raytheon Missiles & Defense
Specifications
Mass416 kg (917 lb)
Length4 m (13 ft 1 in)
Width480 mm (1 ft 7 in) stowed
Height520 mm (1 ft 8 in)
WarheadBlast-fragmentation
Warhead weight120 kg (260 lb)
Detonation
mechanism
Time delay, impact
EngineWilliams International F‐415 small turbofan
Operational
range
  • 555 km (345 mi; 300 nmi) hi‐hi‐lo
  • >275 km (171 mi; 148 nmi)[1]
  • 185 km (115 mi; 100 nmi) lo‐lo‐lo
Maximum speed Mach 0.9 (310 m/s; 1,000 ft/s) estimated
Guidance
system
GPS, INS, TERCOM
AccuracyCEP 1 m (3 ft 3 in)
Launch
platform
F-35, F-16, F/A-18E/F, and F-15E
ReferencesJanes[2]

Development

A development of the Naval Strike Missile (NSM), the Joint Strike Missile (JSM) will feature an option for ground strike and a two-way communications line, so that the missile can communicate with the central control room or other missiles in the air. This missile will be integrated with the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. Studies have shown that the F-35 would be able to carry two of these in its internal bays, while four additional missiles could be carried externally.

Lockheed Martin and Kongsberg signed a joint-marketing agreement for this air-launched version of the NSM, as well as an agreement committing both parties to integrating the JSM on the F-35 platform.[3][4] The project is funded by Norway and Australia.[5] Kongsberg signed a contract for the first phase of development of the JSM in April, 2009, which is scheduled for completion within 18 months.[6] The JSM will have multicore computers running Integrity real-time operating system from Green Hills Software.[7]

Improved features for the Joint Strike Missile include:

  • Larger warhead.[8]
  • Shape changed to fit in F-35 internal bay[9]
  • Ability to attack sea and land based targets
  • Aerial launch platform (F-35)
  • Improved range over NSM, estimates include 150 nmi (170 mi; 280 km)[9] to >100 nmi low-low or > 300 nmi (350 mi; 560 km) hi-low flight profiles[10]
  • Long-term, production start in 2023[11]

In November 2015, an F-16 Fighting Falcon successfully completed live-fire testing of the JSM at the Utah Test and Training Range.[12][13]

Other variants

Kongsberg were studying methods to deploy the JSM from Norway's submarines,[14] and found shaping the missile to fit into the F-35's confined bomb-bay also enabled it to fit in the Mark 41 Vertical Launching System. A VL-JSM could also compete with the Lockheed LRASM for the U.S. Navy's OASuW Increment 2 for a ship-launched anti-ship missile.[15] On 15 July 2014, Kongsberg and Raytheon announced that they had formed a teaming agreement to offer the JSM to the United States Navy for their Offensive Anti-Surface Warfare (OASuW) requirement;[16] Raytheon would produce JSMs for the American market.[17] The Navy plans to begin a competition for the OASuW requirement in 2017, which will likely pit the Kongsberg/Raytheon JSM against the Lockheed Martin AGM-158C LRASM.[18]

Operators

Future Operators
 Norway

The Royal Norwegian Air Force ordered JSM to their fleet of F-35 fighters in October 2021. Expected delivery to be in 2023.[19][20] Integration of the JSM with the F-35, and testing in the United States is facilitated by Lone Star Analysis, under long term contract with the Norwegian Ministry of Defense.[21]

 Japan

In March 2019, Kongsberg was awarded a contract to supply the Japan Air Self-Defense Force with initial deliveries of the joint strike missile.[22] The missiles are expected to arrive in April 2021.[23]

 Finland

In December 2021, the Finnish Air Force selected F-35 as their future fighter jet, and have selected JSM among other weaponry.[24]

 United States

In the Department of Defense's FY 2024 budget request, the United States Air Force intends to procure 268 JSMs over a five year period with the initial order of 48 missiles for FY2024.[25][26]

Potential operators
 Australia

Australia expressed interest in buying the JSM in June 2014 to equip their F-35 fighters. The 2023 Defence Strategic Review, recommended the Joint Strike Missile be integrated into Australia's F-35A's.[27] The missile has also been pitched to South Korea and Japan, and Kongsberg is expected to attempt to make sales to other countries that have ordered the F-35A. The JSM is expected to become fully operational in 2025.[28] Development is aimed to be completed in 2017 and achievement of initial operational capability (IOC) is expected in 2021 with the release of the F-35's Block 4 software. Fit checks have been performed on the external hardpoints of all F-35 variants, and internally on the F-35A and C-models. Countries that operate other aircraft have expressed interest in the JSM, and fit checks have also been performed on the F-15E Strike Eagle and F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, but integration on other platforms will not be conducted without a confirmed customer.[29]

On 15 September 2015 the Australian government signed an agreement to finance the development of a passive radio frequency seeker to complement the existing infrared target seeker.[30]

The 2023 Australian Defence Strategic Review (DSR) recommended that the RAAF acquire JSM for its F-35As and F/A-18F Super Hornets. The Albanese government agreed "in principle" to the recommendation. [31]

See also

References
  1. https://www.kongsberg.com/globalassets/kongsberg-defence--aerospace/2.-what-we-do/1.3-defence--security/missile-systems/2023-05-04_brosjyre_missiles_digital.pdf
  2. Janes (21 November 2022), "Joint Strike Missile (JSM)", Janes Weapons: Air Launched, Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Group UK Limited., retrieved 26 December 2022
  3. Joint marketing agreement Archived 2007-02-22 at the Wayback Machine – KDA press release, 31 January 2007
  4. Cooperative agreement with Lockheed Martin Archived 2012-04-14 at the Wayback Machine – KDA press release, 9 June 2009
  5. Norway pushes naval strike missile for JSF – Jane's Defence Weekly, 20 July 2005
  6. Development contract for the Joint Strike Missile Archived 2012-04-14 at the Wayback Machine – KDA press release, 27 April 2009
  7. "Kongsberg selects Integrity for missile programme". Archived from the original on September 4, 2010.
  8. Trevithick, Joseph (May 31, 2018). "It's Official, The Navy's Next Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Will Be The Naval Strike Missile". The Drive.
  9. "Norway pushes for further assurances over JSM integration on F-35". Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  10. "Naval and Joint Strike Missiles Update Precision Strike Annual Review (PSAR-14)". Kongsberg. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  11. Haraldsen, Ove Ronny. "SUPPLYING SECURITY FOR MORE THAN 200 YEARS". Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  12. Franz-Stefan Gady. "F-35's Joint Strike Missile Successfully Completes Flight Test in US". The Diplomat. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  13. F-35’s Joint Strike Missile Completes Flight Test - Defensenews.com, 11 November 2015
  14. "Kongsberg studies JSM for submarine launch". Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  15. "Naval Technology – Kongsberg VL JSM anti-ship missile". www.navyrecognition.com. Navyrecognition.com. 14 January 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  16. Raytheon and Kongsberg team to provide air-launched Offensive Anti-Surface Warfare solutions – Marketwatch.com, 15 July 2014
  17. CHUTER, ANDREW (15 July 2014). "Raytheon To Produce US Variant of Kongsberg's JSM". www.defensenews.com. Gannett Government Media. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
  18. Arming New Platforms Will Push Up Value Of Missiles Market – Aviationweek.com, 5 January 2015
  19. "Historisk missilkontrakt inngått med Kongsberg". Norsk.
  20. "Flexibility on the Fly: Joint Strike Missile Has Abilities That Give Pilots the Upper Hand". March 2020.
  21. "Lone Star Analysis Secures High-Value Contract with Norwegian Ministry of Defence". Lone Star Analysis. 2019-01-29. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  22. Dominguez, Gabriel; Takahashi, Kosuke (12 March 2019). "Kongsberg awarded contract to supply JSMs for Japanese F-35s". Jane's 360. London, Tokyo. Archived from the original on 12 March 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  23. "Japan to begin receiving Joint Strike Missiles from April 2021".
  24. "Joint Strike Missile gains third customer - Australian Defence Magazine".
  25. https://insidedefense.com/insider/air-force-procure-268-joint-strike-missiles-over-five-years
  26. "Hundreds of Aircraft Headed to the Boneyard in New USAF Budget". 13 March 2023.
  27. "National Defence: Defence Strategic Review 2023". Australian Government. p. 61. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  28. Norway’s Joint Strike Missile Tempts Aussies; Raytheon Likes It Too – Breakingdefense.com, 16 July 2014
  29. Kongsberg plans JSM flight tests in 2015 – Flightglobal.com, 25 September 2014
  30. "Australia to Finance the Development of a New Seeker for Kongsberg's Joint Strike Missile". www.navyrecognition.com. Navyrecognition.com. 28 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
  31. Blenkin, Max (2023-05-01). "Defence review puts Air Force in stealth mode". The Mandarin. Retrieved 2023-05-29.
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