KRL Commuterline

In 1917, a plan to introduce electrified railway in Batavia was made by Dutch colonial railway company Staatsspoorwegen. A railway between Tanjung Priok to Meester Cornelis (Jatinegara) was the first line to be electrified. The construction began in 1923 and completed on 24 December 1924. The line was opened on 6 April 1925—in time for the SS 50th anniversary—with 3000-series locomotives from SLM–BBC (Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works – Brown Boveri & Cie), 3100-series electric locomotives from AEG Germany, 3200-series locomotives from Werkspoor Netherlands and passenger coaches from Westinghouse and General Electric.[8]

The electrification project continued and on 1 May 1927, all rail lines that surround Batavia has been fully electrified. Batavia Zuid station (now Jakarta Kota) was closed temporarily in 1926, was reopened on 8 October 1929. The last part of the electrification project, Batavia Zuid – Buitenzorg, was completed in 1930.[9] After independence in 1945, the railway operation was taken over by DKA (Djawatan Kereta Api Repoeblik Indonesia, Indonesian Railways Bureau, former name KAI).

Transportation in Jakarta was at its lowest point during the 1960s. Tramways in Jakarta were closed in 1960 and railway traffic on Manggarai – Jakarta Kota was restricted in November 1966. In 1965, a portion of railway line between Gondangdia and Sawah Besar was stripped from electrification, with remaining services on the portion now powered by steam and diesel trains. It was reported that then-President Sukarno wanted to get rid of anything that would block the view of Monas and Merdeka Square, then still under construction. After Sukarno's fall, the electrification was reconstructed and reopened in 1970.[10][11]

On 16 May 1972, PNKA (Perusahaan Negara Kereta Api, successor of DKA) ordered 10 new sets of electric multiple units from Japan, leading to the revival of the electric train services within Greater Jakarta. The new trains, built by Nippon Sharyo, arrived in 1976 and replaced the old locomotives and coaches. Sets consisted of four cars each, with capacity of 134 passengers per car. Those new trains (commonly known as KRL Rheostatik) will continue serving the passengers in Jakarta for the next 37 years.[10] PNKA (later PJKA and Perumka) continued importing trains from Japan, South Korea, Belgium and Netherlands until the late 1990s. By the 1990s, Greater Jakarta commuter rail used a mixture of EMUs and DMUs, with lines waiting for electrification used Japan-made DMUs (class MCW 302) or locomotive-hauled coaches.

Economy class EMU at Gambir Station, October 2009.

In May 2000, the government of Japan via JICA and Tokyo Metropolitan Government donated 72 units of used Toei 6000 trains, formerly operating on Toei Mita Line. These were the first air-conditioned electric trains in Indonesia. The new trains were operated on 25 August 2000 for express services.[12]

Former logo until 28 September 2020

Interior of a 205-5000 series train coach

The current form of electric train service in Jakarta was begun in 2008. Jabotabek Urban Transport Division, a sub-unit of KAI that handles commuter service around Jabodetabek, spun-off to form KAI Commuterline Jabodetabek (KCJ). Ticket revenues, rolling stock maintenance, and station management was transferred to the newly formed subsidiary, but all operational matters (e.g. scheduling and dispatching), rolling stock, stations and infrastructures remained under KAI responsibility.

The modernization of the commuter railway system, however, did not begin until 2011. Network operations were greatly simplified from 37 point-to-point service patterns into six integrated lines (known as "loop line" system) all running local, stopping at every station, as express services were abolished. Service was also simplified into two service classes: Economy class (cheaper service without air conditioning, subsidized by Ministry of Transportation) and Commuter class (more expensive service with air conditioning). On 17 April 2013, the commuter line extension to Maja in the Green Line commenced operation.[13] On 25 July 2013, the economy class was discontinued, leaving the Commuter class as the sole service class throughout the network.[14] In July 2013, the operator introduced the COMMET (Commuter Electronic Ticketing) system replacing the old paper ticket system and changing the old fare system into 'progressive fare' system, as well as modernization of all 80 serving stations.

Starting on 1 April 2015, the Nambo line extension operation is commenced.[15][16] Three line extensions have been opened between 2015 and 2017: the extension of Pink Line to Tanjung Priuk station which commenced operation on 22 December 2015,[17] the extension of Green Line to Rangkasbitung station which commenced operation on 1 April 2017,[13] and the extension of Blue Line to Cikarang station which commenced operation on 8 October 2017.[18] In July 2015, KA Commuter Jabodetabek served more than 850,000 passengers per day, which is almost triple the 2011 figures, but still less than 3.5% of all Jabodetabek commutes.[19]

Until 5 March 2014, KA Commuter Jabodetabek only operates 8-car trainsets on all lines.[20] In 2016, the operation of 12-car trainsets commenced.[21] As of December 2019, it operates 1,057 trips per day by 90 trains.[22] Importation of used Japanese trainsets for use in KRL Commuterline resulted in a 2023 controversy, when the importation of the used trains were banned.[23][24]

Fare for Greater Jakarta region Commuterline is charged by distance travelled ('progressive fare'), Rp 3,000 for the first 25 kilometers and Rp 1,000 for every next 10 kilometers.[41] The fare is subsidized by the Ministry of Transportation. For instance in 2016, the government allocated Rp 1.1 trillion public service obligation to KRL Commuterline.[42]

Meanwhile, the ticket fare for KRL Commuterline on the Yogyakarta Line is Rp. 8,000 for one trip.[43]

Prior to the introduction of distance-based fare, the fare is determined by number of stations passed. The first five stations passed is charged at Rp 3,000 and every next three stations charged at Rp 1,000. Between July and November 2013, the charges were lowered to Rp 2,000 and Rp 500 respectively, after the government subsidized the fare.[44] Number of passengers increased by 30% after one week of introduction of the new fares.[45]

Bold: Terminus or transit stations Italic: Closed for Commuterline, open for intercity trains Strikethrough: Closed for all services

Bogor Line (including Nambo branch)		Cikarang Loop Line		Rangkasbitung Line	Tangerang Line	Tanjung Priok Line
Jakarta Kota Jayakarta Mangga Besar Sawah Besar Juanda Gambir (Opening in 2025) Gondangdia Cikini Manggarai† Tebet Cawang Duren Kalibata Pasar Minggu Baru Pasar Minggu Tanjung Barat Lenteng Agung Universitas Pancasila Universitas Indonesia Pondok Cina Depok Baru Depok† Citayam † Some trains starts and terminates here		Kampung Bandan Angke† Duri Tanah Abang Karet BNI City Sudirman Mampang Manggarai† Matraman	Angke Kampung Bandan† Rajawali Kemayoran Pasar Senen Gang Sentiong Kramat Pondok Jati	Tanah Abang Palmerah Kebayoran Pondok Ranji Jurangmangu Sudimara^ Rawa Buntu Serpong† Cisauk Cicayur Parung Panjang† Cilejit Daru Tenjo Tigaraksa† Cikoya Maja Citeras Rangkasbitung † Some trains start and terminate there ^ One early morning train terminates there instead of Tanah Abang and one morning train starts there instead of Serpong, Parung Panjang or Tigaraksa[48]	Duri Grogol Pesing Taman Kota Bojong Indah Rawa Buaya Kalideres Poris Batuceper Tanah Tinggi Tangerang	Jakarta Kota Kampung Bandan Ancol JIS Stadium (under construction) Tanjung Priuk
Bojong Gede Cilebut Bogor	Pondok Rajeg Cibinong^ Gunung Putri Nambo^ ^ Headway every 1–2 hours.[49]	Jatinegara Cipinang (converted to a locomotive depot) Klender Buaran Klender Baru Cakung Kranji Bekasi† Bekasi Timur Tambun Cibitung Metland Telagamurni Cikarang

Sudirman station is one of the busiest commuter line stations in Jakarta, located nearby Sudirman street

Below are the list of main and terminus stations, some of them also serve intercity train lines.

Station	Establishment	Type	Line(s)	Intercity/Local station
Jakarta Kota	1926	KRL terminus and transit, intercity terminus		Yes
Gambir	1884	Intercity train terminusa	(Only serves intercity trains)	Yes
Manggarai	1918	KRL main transit, Airport Rail Link terminus		Yes
Jatinegara	1910	KRL terminus and transit, westbound intercity stopb		Yes
Tanah Abang	1910	KRL terminus and transit		No
Duri	1899	KRL terminus and transitc		No
Kampung Bandan	N/A	KRL transit		No
Pasar Senen	1925	Intercity terminus, westbound local train stop and northbound KRL stopd		Yes
Depok	1881	KRL terminus (some services)		No
Bogor	1881	KRL terminus		Yesb
Bekasi	1887	KRL terminus (some services), local and intercity train stop		Yes
Cikarang	1890[50]	KRL terminus, local and intercity train stop		Yes
Rangkasbitung	1899	KRL terminus, local and intercity train stop		Yes

^a Currently Gambir station does not serve as KRL stop, instead focusing on intercity train services. Passengers who travel to areas near Merdeka Square, could depart at the nearby Gondangdia or Juanda stations.

^b Southbound local trains (operated by KAI, serving trips from Bogor to Sukabumi/Cianjur) starts and ends from Bogor Paledang station, within walking distance from Bogor station.

^c Duri Station is planned to be the transit for Airport Commuter Train, which was under construction in 2014 and started operation in 2017.

^d Pasar Senen station only serve the half loop Bekasi/Cikarang-Tanah Abang commuter service, while the Full loop service does not stop here.

EMU classes mentioned as current/active by KCI on 10 March 2021:[53]

Class	Internal name	Image	Units	In service	Cars per Set	Manufacturer	Remarks
205-0 series 205-5000 series	N/A		812	782	4, 6 (sometimes), 8, 10, 12	Nippon Sharyo, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi, Ltd., Kinki Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation (1984–1994)	205-0 ex-JR East Saikyo Line, Yokohama Line, Nambu Line, and Musashino Line rolling stock, 2013–present 205-5000 series ex-Musashino Line rolling stock, 2018–present
Tokyo Metro 6000 series	ED303		270	212	8, 10	Nippon Sharyo, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi, Ltd., Kinki Sharyo, Kisha Seizo, Tokyu Car Corporation (1968–1990)	ex-Tokyo Metro Chiyoda Line rolling stock, 2011–present
Tokyu 8500 series	ED202		64	36	12	Tokyu Car Corporation (1975–1991)	ex-Tokyu Toyoko Line and Den-en-toshi Line rolling stock, 2006–present
203 series	ED304		50	34	10, 12	Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation (1982–1986)	ex-JNR/JR East Joban Line rolling stock, 2011–present
Tokyo Metro 05 series	ED302		80	16	8	Nippon Sharyo, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Hitachi, Ltd., Kinki Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation (1988–1991)	ex-Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line rolling stock, 2010–present
Tokyo Metro 7000 series	ED301		40	16	8	Nippon Sharyo, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation (1974–1989)	ex-Tokyo Metro Yūrakuchō Line rolling stock, 2011–present
Tokyu 8000 series	ED201		24	12	12	Tokyu Car Corporation (1969–1985)	ex-Tokyu Toyoko Line and Oimachi Line rolling stock, 2006–present

The accidents mentioned below involved trains operated by KAI Commuter's predecessor systems, such as ESS (1925-1939), DKA/PNKA/PJKA Jakarta Exploitation (1945-1976), Jabotabek Urban Railway (1976-1999), and Divisi Jabotabek (1999-2011), before the introduction of standard Commuterline service in July 2011 and standard Commuterline routes in December 2011.

• On 27 June 1928, a Westinghouse EMU of the State Electric Railway (then still under Dutch East Indies colonial rule) from the direction of Kemayoran station overran the terminating tracks of (currently inactive) Batavia Noord station, hitting a horse-drawn carriage on the road beside the station. No human casualty reported[62]
• 20 September 1968, an Economy local train hauled by class 3200 electric locomotive travelling as KA 406 to Bogor collided with another economy train (KA 309) to Jakarta near Ratu Jaya, Depok. 46 deaths and 115 injuries reported. The crash was attributed to malfunctioning indicator in the signaling system as well as lack of verification by the dispatcher.[63]
• 2 November 1993, two Economy train, both of Rheostatic EMU class from 1976 and 1980s batch, running the Jakarta Kota-Bogor line on opposite directions were involved in a head on collision near Ratu Jaya, Depok around 07:30 am during the morning rush hour. 20 people were killed, including drivers of both trains, and further 100 was injured. Being the same type, 4 surviving cars from both side were combined, colloquially known as CatDog trainset. The rest were written off. This accident prompted the government to start double-tracking project of the Depok-Bogor segment of the line.[64][65][66]
• 19 August 2000, A KRL Hitachi trainset running KA 628 (Economy class) from Jakarta Kota to Tangerang was hit from behind by Indocement factory coal supply train no. KA 228 en route between Kampung Bandan and Angke stations. 3 people died on this accident including 2 train crews on both trains. The Hitachi train involved was stored for a long time afterward, before being scrapped. On a further note, Tangerang line used to continue from Duri all the way to Kota before 2011.[67]
• 18 November 2003, KRL Holec trainset KL2-94202F running KA 396 (Business) on Tanah Abang-Serpong service suffered an electrical fire ignited by overhead wire snapped by overload trigerred by failure of the trains' component before reaching Kebayoran station. The two frontmost cars of the train was engulfed in the inferno.[68][69]
• 4 October 2003, KRL Holec KL3-97242F travelling as KA 490 (Economy) bound for Bogor collided with the rear end of a fellow KRL Holec train KL3-94212F traveling as KA 488 (Economy) also bound for Jakarta Kota on this line between Cilebut and Bogor stations. 39 people were injured.[64][66]
• 12 December 2003, a KRL Rheostatic trainset KL3-76112F set in idle position on Bogor station prepared for KA 459 (Economy) slid uncommanded down the line. It continues all the way until stopped by the steeper upward climb of the Manggarai-Cikini elevated track. Further investigation proved the trainset was not secured enough to prevent it to slide away from idle position.[70]
• 30 June 2005, KRL Rheostatic KL3-76110F travelling as KA 583 (Economy) bound for Jakarta Kota collided with the rear end of a KRL Holec trainset KL3-2000202F traveling as KA 585 (Economy) on this line between Tanjung Barat and Pasar Minggu stations. 5 deaths and 113 injuries reported.[71][66]
• 2 January 2007, KA 241 (Economy) running on Bojong Gede-Jakarta Kota service derailed while reaching track 10 of Jakarta Kota terminus station, no casualty reported.[72]
• On 18 July 2007, a KRL Holec train trainset no. KL3-97228F running KA 423 (Economy) bound for Jakarta Kota was hit from behind by a locomotive being sent to Pasar Senen to carry KA 120 Jayabaya while stopping at Pondokjati station. No injury reported. The KRL set was able to continue its journey without further incident.[73]
• On 30 October 2008, a former Toei 6000 set number 6181F train serving Bekasi to Jakarta line via Pasar Senen variant of the line (at the time being the main route for this line) as KA 421 AC Economy class train was hit from behind by Antaboga 1001 freight train on a track segment between Kemayoran and Kampung Bandan stations. Surviving cars of 6181F returned into service after another accident involving 6151F (mentioned below) opened the way to trainset reconfiguration in 2009.[74]
• 5 June 2009, KRL Holec travelling as KA 521 (Economy) bound for Jakarta Kota collided with the rear end of a former Toyo Rapid 1000 series trainset traveling as KA 265 (Express) on this line between Tebet and Manggarai stations.[75]
• 4 August 2009 – Former Toei 6000 series trainset no. 15F traveling as KA 211 (Express) collided with the rear end of KRL Holec KL3-97234F travelling as KA 549 (Economy) on between Bogor and Cilebut stations. Assistant driver and a technician on board KA 211 was killed. Some cars from KA 211 involved returned to service redistributed to other trainsets, including 6181F and shortened 4-car 6151F well until Commuterline era, while the rest (including the Holec trainset) was written off[76][77][66]

• 
  Tokyo Metro Tozai Line 05 series
• 
  Joban Line 203 series
• 
  Saikyo Line 205–0 series & Former Musashino Line 205–5000 series
• 
  Tokyu Toyoko Line 8500 series
• 
  Musashino Line 205–5000 series (marchen design)
• 
  Tokyo Metro Chiyoda Line 6000 series
• 
  Tokyo Metro Yurakucho Line 7000 series
• 
  Tokyu Oimachi Line 8000 series

• 
  Sudirman Station
• 
  Tanah Abang Station
• 
  Jakarta Kota Station
• 
  Pondok Ranji Station
• 
  Jatinegara Station