Kemi

Kemi (Finnish: [ˈkemi]; Northern Sami: Giepma [ˈkie̯pma]; Inari Sami: Kiemâ; Skolt Sami: Ǩeeʹmm; Swedish (historically): Kiemi) is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located very near the city of Tornio and the Swedish border. The distance to Oulu is 105 kilometres (65 mi) to the south and to Rovaniemi is 117 kilometres (73 mi) to the northeast. It was founded in 1869 by a decree of the Emperor Alexander II of Russia because of its proximity to a deepwater port.

This article is about the Finnish town. For other uses, see Kemi (disambiguation).
Kemi
Giepma
Kiemâ
Ǩeeʹmm
Town
Kemin kaupunki
Kemi stad
Clockwise, from top left: Kemi Railway Station, Kemi City Hall, Karihaara School, Café at the inner harbour, and Kemi Church
Clockwise, from top left: Kemi Railway Station, Kemi City Hall, Karihaara School, Café at the inner harbour, and Kemi Church
Coat of arms of Kemi
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
Monaco of Finland
Location of Kemi in Finland
Location of Kemi in Finland
Coordinates: 65°44′10″N 024°33′49″E
Country Finland
RegionLapland
Sub-regionKemi–Tornio
Charter1869
Government
 • Town managerMatti Ruotsalainen
Area
 (2018-01-01)[1]
 • Total747.28 km2 (288.53 sq mi)
 • Land95.34 km2 (36.81 sq mi)
 • Water652.1 km2 (251.8 sq mi)
 • Rank300th largest in Finland
Elevation
4 m (13 ft)
Population
 (2023-10-26)[2]
 • Total19,367
 • Rank59th largest in Finland
 • Density203.14/km2 (526.1/sq mi)
Population by native language
[3]
 • Finnish94.7% (official)
 • Swedish0.2%
 • Others5.1%
Population by age
[4]
 • 0 to 1414.4%
 • 15 to 6457.2%
 • 65 or older28.4%
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Postal code
94100
Websitewww.kemi.fi

The town has a population of 19,367 (26 October 2023)[2] and covers an area of 747.28 km2 (288.53 sq mi) of which 652.1 square kilometers (251.8 sq mi) are water.[1] The population density is 203.14 inhabitants per square kilometre (526.1/sq mi).

History

World War II hostage crisis

During World War II, after Finland signed the Moscow Armistice and found itself involved in the Lapland War against its former German ally, German forces at the beginning of October 1944 captured 132 Finnish civilian hostages in Kemi (as well as 130 in Rovaniemi) and threatened to kill them unless the Finnish army released the German POWs captured in the Battle of Tornio. However, Finland refused to comply and threatened to retaliate by killing the German POWs. The hostages were released unharmed on October 11, 1944, near Rovaniemi.

Geography

Kemi is situated on the Bothnian Bay, at the mouth of the river Kemijoki, and it is part of the Lapland region.

Climate

The climate type of Kemi is a typical subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc). It is characterized by long, cold winters and warm, short summers; but because it is on the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia, the characteristics of its continental climate are not as pronounced as inland areas.

Climate data for Kemi (Kemi-Tornio Airport, 1991-2020 normals, records 1959-present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.8
(47.8)		 7.7
(45.9)		 9.6
(49.3)		 18.3
(64.9)		 28.1
(82.6)		 31.4
(88.5)		 32.9
(91.2)		 29.2
(84.6)		 23.7
(74.7)		 15.9
(60.6)		 10.0
(50.0)		 6.8
(44.2)		 32.9
(91.2)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 2.8
(37.0)		 3.1
(37.6)		 5.9
(42.6)		 11.8
(53.2)		 21.1
(70.0)		 24.7
(76.5)		 26.5
(79.7)		 24.3
(75.7)		 18.1
(64.6)		 11.4
(52.5)		 6.2
(43.2)		 3.5
(38.3)		 27.3
(81.1)
Average high °C (°F) −5.7
(21.7)		 −5.7
(21.7)		 −0.9
(30.4)		 4.4
(39.9)		 11.4
(52.5)		 17.2
(63.0)		 20.6
(69.1)		 18.0
(64.4)		 12.6
(54.7)		 5.2
(41.4)		 0.3
(32.5)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 6.2
(43.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −9.6
(14.7)		 −9.7
(14.5)		 −5.4
(22.3)		 0.4
(32.7)		 6.8
(44.2)		 12.8
(55.0)		 16.0
(60.8)		 13.9
(57.0)		 8.8
(47.8)		 2.4
(36.3)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 2.3
(36.1)
Average low °C (°F) −14.1
(6.6)		 −14.4
(6.1)		 −10.3
(13.5)		 −3.9
(25.0)		 1.5
(34.7)		 7.3
(45.1)		 11.0
(51.8)		 9.1
(48.4)		 4.7
(40.5)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 −10.4
(13.3)		 −2.2
(28.1)
Mean minimum °C (°F) −28.1
(−18.6)		 −28.1
(−18.6)		 −23.2
(−9.8)		 −13.7
(7.3)		 −4.4
(24.1)		 0.8
(33.4)		 4.6
(40.3)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 −16.8
(1.8)		 −23.6
(−10.5)		 −30.5
(−22.9)
Record low °C (°F) −37.1
(−34.8)		 −43.2
(−45.8)		 −34.0
(−29.2)		 −25.4
(−13.7)		 −9.3
(15.3)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 1.4
(34.5)		 −2.2
(28.0)		 −9.8
(14.4)		 −24.8
(−12.6)		 −31.3
(−24.3)		 −36.7
(−34.1)		 −43.2
(−45.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 32.3
(1.27)		 25.8
(1.02)		 28.7
(1.13)		 26.4
(1.04)		 30.3
(1.19)		 39.2
(1.54)		 52.2
(2.06)		 63.4
(2.50)		 58.1
(2.29)		 59.9
(2.36)		 44.8
(1.76)		 33.0
(1.30)		 494.1
(19.46)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 25 22 21 16 14 15 15 16 17 21 24 24 230
Average relative humidity (%) 88 87 81 72 63 63 69 76 82 88 92 90 79
Source: FMI[lower-alpha 1]
Climate data for Kemi Ajos (1991-2020 normals, records 1993-present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 4.7
(40.5)		 5.4
(41.7)		 7.1
(44.8)		 16.5
(61.7)		 27.4
(81.3)		 28.7
(83.7)		 31.2
(88.2)		 30.1
(86.2)		 24.0
(75.2)		 16.0
(60.8)		 8.5
(47.3)		 5.3
(41.5)		 31.2
(88.2)
Average high °C (°F) −5.5
(22.1)		 −5.9
(21.4)		 −1.9
(28.6)		 3.3
(37.9)		 9.5
(49.1)		 15.9
(60.6)		 19.7
(67.5)		 17.6
(63.7)		 12.5
(54.5)		 5.9
(42.6)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −2.7
(27.1)		 5.8
(42.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −8.6
(16.5)		 −9.2
(15.4)		 −5.6
(21.9)		 −0.3
(31.5)		 5.7
(42.3)		 12.7
(54.9)		 16.4
(61.5)		 14.9
(58.8)		 10.1
(50.2)		 3.8
(38.8)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 −5.1
(22.8)		 2.8
(37.0)
Average low °C (°F) −12.5
(9.5)		 −13.2
(8.2)		 −9.8
(14.4)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 2.8
(37.0)		 9.9
(49.8)		 13.8
(56.8)		 12.5
(54.5)		 7.9
(46.2)		 2.1
(35.8)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −0.1
(31.8)
Record low °C (°F) −37.1
(−34.8)		 −33.8
(−28.8)		 −28.5
(−19.3)		 −19.6
(−3.3)		 −9.3
(15.3)		 1.9
(35.4)		 6.2
(43.2)		 3.3
(37.9)		 −1.8
(28.8)		 −12.9
(8.8)		 −23.3
(−9.9)		 −30.2
(−22.4)		 −37.1
(−34.8)
Source 1: https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/ilmastollinen-vertailukausi
Source 2: https://kilotavu.com/asema-taulukko.php?asema=101846

Note
  1. Climatological normals for Finland 1991–2020,[5] Record highs and lows,[6] Precipitation 1961–1990,[7] Precipitation days[8]

Economy
Valtakatu street seen from Kemi City Hall.

The main economic activity in Kemi is centered on two large paper and woodpulp mills and on the only chromium mine in Europe (which supplies the Outokumpu ferrochrome plant in Tornio).

The Chinese company Kaidi has announced plans to build the world's first second-generation biomass plant in Kemi, scheduled to begin operations in 2019.[9][10]

In April 2007, the city of Kemi laid off all of its municipal workers for 2 weeks due to the failing economy of the city. Spiraling specialist healthcare costs and a fleeing industry tax base are stated as the cause for the firing.[11] These are the most drastic temporary dismissals to take place in Finland since 2000.

Sights
Kemi SnowCastle

Kemi has a claim to fame as the home of the world's largest snow castle[12] (reconstructed every year to a different design). The SnowCastle of Kemi is usually built in the inner harbor of the city.

A model of The Crown of Finland (the original was never made for the King of Finland) is kept in the town's gemstone gallery. It also houses replicas of the Imperial State Crown of Great Britain, the scepter of the Czar of Russia, the Orbs of Denmark, and the diamond necklace of Marie Antoinette, among other items.

Additional attractions include:

Culture

Kemi is the hometown of the power metal band Sonata Arctica.

Politics

Results of the 2019 Finnish parliamentary election in Kemi:[13]

Town manager
Town manager Term
Olli Nylander 1930-1956
Risto Hölttä 1956-1966
Taisto Jokelainen 1967-1980
Juhani Leino 1980-2000
Kalervo Ukkola 2000-2005
Ossi Repo 2006-2012
Tero Nissinen 2012-2021
Matti Ruotsalainen 2021-

Transportation
The Karihaaranväylä street and bridge over the National road 4 in Kemi

Kemi railway station is an intermediate station on the railway between Lapland and Helsinki. It is operated by VR. The junction of the Kolari and Rovaniemi lines lies to the north of Kemi station.

Finnish national road 4 and European routes E8 and E75 run through the town.

Kemi-Tornio Airport is located 4.5 kilometers (2.8 mi) north of Kemi city center.

The Port of Kemi is a cargo port handling containerised and bulk cargo as well as oil and petrochemical products.[14]

Education

A polytechnic university of applied sciences is situated in Kemi.

Notable residents

International relations
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland

Twin towns – sister cities

Kemi is twinned with:

See also

References
  1. "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  2. "Preliminary population statistics 2023, September". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  3. "Demographic Structure by area as of 31 December 2022". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  4. "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  5. "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). fmi.fi. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  6. "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). FMI. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  7. "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). FMI. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  8. "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Kemi, Finland". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on April 18, 2013.
  9. Nilsen, Thomas (February 10, 2017). "Chinese company to build giant bio-diesel refinery in Kemi". The Barents Observer. Retrieved April 1, 2017. The Chinese company Kaidi announced the plans on Wednesday. The refinery will be the world's first so-called second generation biomass plant [...] 75 percent of the fuel will be biodiesel and 25 percent biogasoline, the company says. Energy wood will be the main feedstock, but also harvesting remains and leftover bark from Lapland's forest industry will be utilized. The plan is to have commercial production by 2019 and means a huge boost to local employment in the Kemi region with over 150 permanent positions.
  10. Gudjonsson, Heidar; Nielsson, Egill Thor (March 31, 2017). "China's Belt and Road Enters the Arctic". The Diplomat. Retrieved April 1, 2017. A reported $1.1 billion investment by China's Kaidi into a biodiesel plant in Kemi, Finland is significant.
  11. "Northern city of Kemi to lay off all municipal workers for two weeks". Helsingin Sanomat – International Edition. Helsinki: Helsingin Sanomat Oy. 2007-04-24. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
  12. "Pictures of the day: 4 February 2011". The Telegraph. February 4, 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  13. "Eduskuntavaalit 2019, Kemi". Oikeusministerö - Tieto- ja tulospalvelu. 23 April 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
  14. "Port of Kemi". PortOfKemi.fi. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  15. Bozsoki, Agnes. "Partnervárosok Névsora Partner és Testvérvárosok Névsora" [Partner and Twin Cities List]. City of Székesfehérvár (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 2012-12-08. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
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