Kirkkonummi

Kirkkonummi (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkirkːoˌnumːi]; Swedish: Kyrkslätt, Finland Swedish: [ˈtɕyrːkslet] ⓘ, Sweden Swedish: [ˈɕʏ̂rːkslɛt]) is a municipality of 40,983 inhabitants (19 September 2023)[2] in southern Finland. The literal meaning of the words "Kirkkonummi" and "Kyrkslätt" in English is "church heath".

Kirkkonummi
Kirkkonummi – Kyrkslätt
Municipality
Kirkkonummen kunta
Kyrkslätts kommun
Aerial view with Kirkkonummi church
Coat of arms of Kirkkonummi
Coat of arms
Location of Kirkkonummi in Finland
Location of Kirkkonummi in Finland
Coordinates: 60°07′N 024°26′E
Country Finland
RegionUusimaa
Sub-regionHelsinki sub-region
Charter1330
Municipal managerTarmo Aarnio
Area
 (2018-01-01)[1]
 • Total1,017.01 km2 (392.67 sq mi)
 • Land366.10 km2 (141.35 sq mi)
 • Water649.91 km2 (250.93 sq mi)
 • Rank209th largest in Finland
Population
 (2023-09-19)[2]
 • Total40,983
 • Rank27th largest in Finland
 • Density111.94/km2 (289.9/sq mi)
Population by native language
[3]
 • Finnish73.9% (official)
 • Swedish15.3% (official)
 • Others10.7%
Population by age
[4]
 • 0 to 1419%
 • 15 to 6464.1%
 • 65 or older16.9%
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Websitewww.kirkkonummi.fi

Geography
Gulf of Finland at Upinniemi

The municipality is located just outside the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, bordering the city of Espoo in the east. Other neighbouring municipalities are Vihti and Siuntio. The distance from the municipal centre to central Helsinki is some 30 kilometres (20 mi). Kirkkonummi also has excellent train and bus connections to other parts of the Greater Helsinki area, and many of its inhabitants commute daily to Helsinki.

The municipality covers an area of 1,017.01 square kilometres (392.67 sq mi) of which 649.91 km2 (250.93 sq mi) is water.[1] The population density is 111.94 inhabitants per square kilometre (289.9/sq mi). In recent years, Kirkkonummi has faced the highest population growth rate in the country, at over 3% per annum.

The centre of Veikkola

Major population centres in Kirkkonummi include the municipal centre, Masala, Veikkola, Kantvik and the Upinniemi naval garrison area. In addition to these, there are dozens of smaller villages. Geographically, Kirkkonummi has two famous peninsulas, namely Porkkala and Upinniemi, the latter one of which houses a major Finnish naval base. Porkkala is also on one of the main bird migration routes in the Baltic Sea region. Additionally, Kirkkonummi has a large central plains area, through which a railway goes from Helsinki to Turku as well as extensive lake areas, much of which is relatively untouched wilderness.

Climate

Kirkkonummi has a four-season humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb) with long, cold, snowy winters, and warm summers; spring and fall are somewhat cool and brief seasons. Similar to that of Nova Scotia or Hokkaidō. The monthly daily average temperatures range from -3.9 °C (25.0 °F) in January to 20 °C (68 °F) in July. Precipitation is well-spread throughout the year, though late spring to early summer is the driest season while late fall to winter tends to be the wettest. Its location in the very southern tip of Finland gives it a milder climate than that of northern Finland, being influenced by the North Atlantic Current and the Baltic Sea. Record temperatures range from -31.4 °C (-24.5 °F) in February, up to 34.8 °C (94.6 °F) in July. The plant life hardiness zones are between 6a and 7a, representing an annual extreme minimum temperature between −23.3 and −17.8 °C (−9.9 and 0.0 °F).[5]

Climate data for Kirkkonummi 2010-present normals, records 2010-present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.3
(46.9)		 8.7
(47.7)		 14.5
(58.1)		 21.7
(71.1)		 29.9
(85.8)		 32.5
(90.5)		 34.8
(94.6)		 32.6
(90.7)		 25.4
(77.7)		 18.6
(65.5)		 14.2
(57.6)		 11.4
(52.5)		 34.8
(94.6)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 7.1
(44.8)		 6.7
(44.1)		 10.3
(50.5)		 17.4
(63.3)		 27.1
(80.8)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.8
(89.2)		 29.4
(84.9)		 23.5
(74.3)		 14.9
(58.8)		 10.4
(50.7)		 7.2
(45.0)		 17.8
(64.0)
Average high °C (°F) −1.0
(30.2)		 −2.2
(28.0)		 4.6
(40.3)		 9.4
(48.9)		 15.7
(60.3)		 20.5
(68.9)		 22.6
(72.7)		 21.1
(70.0)		 15.7
(60.3)		 8.5
(47.3)		 3.5
(38.3)		 0.0
(32.0)		 9.1
(48.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −2.4
(27.7)		 −4.8
(23.4)		 1.1
(34.0)		 5.6
(42.1)		 12.0
(53.6)		 18.1
(64.6)		 20.0
(68.0)		 18.6
(65.5)		 14.6
(58.3)		 7.6
(45.7)		 2.7
(36.9)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 7.4
(45.3)
Average low °C (°F) −4.0
(24.8)		 −5.7
(21.7)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 3.0
(37.4)		 8.3
(46.9)		 13.9
(57.0)		 16.2
(61.2)		 14.1
(57.4)		 9.5
(49.1)		 6.8
(44.2)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 5.8
(42.4)
Mean minimum °C (°F) −23.9
(−11.0)		 −26.1
(−15.0)		 −17.3
(0.9)		 −7.2
(19.0)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 5.8
(42.4)		 7.3
(45.1)		 6.5
(43.7)		 1.4
(34.5)		 −5.1
(22.8)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 −16.9
(1.6)		 −8.6
(16.5)
Record low °C (°F) −30.2
(−22.4)		 −31.4
(−24.5)		 −24.3
(−11.7)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 −5.1
(22.8)		 2.8
(37.0)		 5.9
(42.6)		 3.2
(37.8)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −21.7
(−7.1)		 −25.6
(−14.1)		 −31.4
(−24.5)
Average relative humidity (%) 89 86 77 69 64 66 70 77 83 85 89 89 79
Source 1: Past Weather in Kirkkonummi, Finland 2010–2020[6]
Source 2: record highs and lows[7]

History

Kirkkonummi has been populated from the Stone Age to the present day as evidenced by the first Stone Age rock paintings found in Finland that are located by lake Vitträsk in the central lake region of Kirkkonummi. Incidentally, these paintings were found by the famous Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The southern half of the municipality was leased to the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1956 for use as a naval base as part of the peace settlement that ended the hostilities between the Soviet Union and Finland during World War II. Signs of this time include concrete bunkers, other fortifications and the remains of an airbase.

Politics

Results of the 2011 Finnish parliamentary election in Kirkkonummi:

Attractions
Hvitträsk mansion

Places of interest located in Kirkkonummi include the medieval stone church in the municipal centre, the wooden church in the village of Haapajärvi, as well as the Hvitträsk manor designed by Finnish architects Eliel Saarinen, Herman Gesellius and Armas Lindgren.

Notable people

International relations
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland

Twin towns — Sister cities

Kirkkonummi is twinned with:[8]

See also

References
  1. "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  2. "Finland's preliminary population figure was 5,587,841 at the end of August 2023". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  3. "Demographic Structure by area as of 31 December 2022". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  4. "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  5. "Finland Plant Hardiness Zone Map"
  6. "Past weather for Kirkkonummi 2010-present".
  7. "FMI data". FMI. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  8. "Ystävyyskunnat" (in Finnish). Municipality of Kirkkonummi. Retrieved 23 August 2019.

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