Libertas.eu

Libertas was a pan-European political party founded by Declan Ganley that took part in the 2009 European Parliament election in several member states of the European Union. It won one seat in France.

Not to be confused with Libertas Institute (Ireland).

Libertas.eu
PresidentDeclan Ganley
Founded30 October 2008 (2008-10-30)[1][nb 1]
DissolvedSeptember 2010[2]
HeadquartersRegistered at Moyne Park, Tuam, County Galway, Ireland[nb 1][1][3]
European offices on 7th Floor, Avenue de Cortenbergh 71, Brussels 1000, Belgium[4]
IdeologyAnti-Lisbon Treaty
European Parliament groupEurope of Freedom and Democracy
ColoursBlue, gold
Website
www.libertas.eu

History

Creation
See also: Libertas Institute Limited; Twenty-eighth Amendment of the Constitution Bill, 2008 (Ireland); and political party at European level

In 2008, the Libertas Institute Limited, a lobby group founded by Declan Ganley and others, advocated a "no" vote in Lisbon I, the 2008 referendum in Ireland on the Treaty of Lisbon. Lisbon I failed. The referendum was held on 12 June 2008[5] and defeated by 53.4% to 46.6%, with a turnout of 53.1%.[6]

Libertas held a post-referendum celebration in the Burlington Hotel in Dublin on the night of Friday, 13 June 2008.[7] Attending that celebration was Danish Eurosceptic[8] and former President of the EUDemocrats[9] and recently retired[10] MEP Jens-Peter Bonde,[7] who had been a "no" campaigner during the referendum.[7] Bonde was later cited as one of the main architects of the upgrading of Libertas to a political party at European level.[11][12]

On 15 July 2008, RTÉ News on Two covered Ganley's comments at The Heritage Foundation in Washington, D.C., where he stated that Libertas intended running as a political party at European level. The next day Ganley confirmed that Libertas was fundraising in order to run candidates throughout Europe in the 2009 European Parliament elections.[13]

On 20 September 2008, The Irish Times reported[14] that Bonde and Czech president Václav Klaus pledged to help Ganley to launch Libertas. The two were later amongst the guests at a dinner hosted by Ganley at the Shelbourne Hotel in Dublin on 11 November 2008.[15]

On 30 October 2008, Ganley registered a company based in Moyne Park, Tuam, County Galway[nb 1][1][3] called the Libertas Party Limited.[16][nb 1][1][3] The Irish Times reported that the new party was intended to "carry on the business of a European political party".[16] The party was publicly announced in December 2008[17] with ambitions to field up to 400[17] candidates and win seats in all 27[17] EU member states.

In early 2009 Libertas applied to be recognised by the European Parliament as a political party at European level. The application was briefly successful but then suspended indefinitely amidst controversy.

Pan-European expansion
Further information: List of Libertas list candidates at the 2009 European Parliament elections

Ganley then travelled around Europe to set up Libertas lists and parties for the 2009 European Parliament election.[18] In November 2008 Libertas opened its Brussels office.[19] Libertas launched in France on 12 February 2009,[20] the Netherlands on 15 April,[21] followed by several other European Union member states.[22] On 1 May 2009, Libertas held its first pan-European party convention in Rome[23] in time for the European Parliament elections in June, when it fielded hundreds of candidates for election.[22]

Austria

In Austria, Libertas was rejected by both Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ) as well as by the independent Hans-Peter Martin. Martin announced after talks and serious considerations, that he would rather remain independent,[24] which he successfully did. FPÖ harshly rebuffed Ganley's advances associating his activism with an alleged American conspiracy.[25] The initially noncommital BZÖ[24] later also declined, preferring a loose cooperation in the European Parliament.[26]

Bulgaria

An electoral list called "Libertas: Free Citizens" (Bulgarian: Либертас: Свободните граждани) was formed by some 30 national and local Non-governmental organizations.[27] Pavel Chernev's Freedom Party that had announced to join the list was repudiated by Libertas. However, the submitted list was later rejected by the Bulgarian electoral commission.[28] An appeal filed by Nikolay Bliznakov was turned down by Bulgaria's Supreme Administrative Court on the grounds that the list had not proven the required deposit had not given the names of its constituent parties.[29] In the meantime, Bulgarian businessman Hristo Atanassov founded a party under the name Libertas Bulgaria which has no connection to the pan-European Libertas network.

Czech Republic

Right after the preliminary rejection of the Lisbon Treaty in Ireland, Declan Ganley, founder of the European Libertas.eu, was guest of Czech President Václav Klaus[30] The Czech eStat.cz civic group had ambitions to replicate Libertas's success[31] and awarded the Irish electorate the Michal Tošovský Prize,[32] picked up by Ganley in Prague on 5 November 2008.[30] During his stay in Ireland after a state visit, Klaus visited Ganley in a private capacity and later attended the Shelbourne Hotel dinner given by Ganley for leading Eurosceptics.[33]

However, Ganley's Libertas was later rejected[34][35][36] by the new Czech Eurosceptic party, Petr Mach's Party of Free Citizens, which was endorsed by Klaus. Additionally, the Ganley-disavowed new Czech Eurosceptic party by Vladimír Železný usurped the Libertas brand by registering itself as Libertas.cz. Ganley's Libertas later claimed Železný's Libertas as an affiliate.[37]

Greece

After Manolis Kalligiannis (Greek: Μανώλης Καλλιγιάννης), President of the Greek Liberal Party had attended Libertas.eu's Rome convention on 1 May 2009.[38] Manolis Kalligiannis (Μανώλης Καλλιγιάννης, sometimes rendered in English as Emmanuel Kalligiannis), Liberal Party run for the 2009 European parliament election under a Libertas-affiliated list with the name "Κόμμα Φιλελευθέρων – Libertas.eu".[39]

Hungary

In Hungary, Libertas.eu searched for candidates in an Internet ad[40] and Károly Lóránt was appointed the Hungarian representative. However, as Hungarian concerns that a disorganized EU would only serve Russian strategic interests could not be dissipated, no list was fielded on behalf of Libertas.

Italy

Libertas.eu announced talks with the Pole of Autonomy coalition on 30 April 2009, the day before its Rome convention,[41] which were confirmed the next day by Teodoro Buontempo, the president of The Right.[42] However, in the final candidate lists submitted in May, no candidates were fielded by Libertas.eu,[43] neither did the Pole of Autonomy list refer to Libertas.[44]

Lithuania

Ganley arrived in Vilnius on Tuesday 3 March 2009[45] to discuss terms with prospective candidates, and explore whether to establish a new Libertas party in Lithuania or change the name of an existing Lithuanian party.[45] He did so again on Monday 24 March 2009 at a lecture at Vilnius University's Institute of International Relations and Political Science (IIRPS, or VU Tarptautinių Santykių ir Politikos Mokslų Institutas, VU TSPMI).[46]

On 31 March 2008, Libertas Lithuania gave a press conference.[47][48][49] Attendees at the press conference were Ganley, lawyer Eugenija Sutkienė, political analyst and Lithuanian presidential advisor Lauras Bielinis, and Tautos Prisikėlimo Partija representative Saulius Stoma.[49]

In that press conference it was announced that the Libertas Lithuanian list would be headed by Sutkiene[47] and would include Bielinis,[47] and that candidates from the Tautos Prisikėlimo Partija would stand with them under a common list,[47][48] although Ganley and Stoma disagreed whether other parties would join them under that list.[48] When asked if he had read the Lisbon Treaty, Bielinis demurred.[48][49] When asked about Libertas Lithuania's funding, Ganley demurred.[48][49]

Bielinis planned to remain in his presidential advisory post until 7 May 2009 and take unpaid leave thereafter.[48] Lithuanian President Valdas Adamkus disagreed and announced Bielinis' resignation the next day, 1 April 2009.[50]

When the lists were published, neither Bielinis nor Sutkiene were on Tautos Prisikėlimo Partija's list.[51][52] When Libertas named their finalised candidates in May 2009, they did not include any candidates in Lithuania,[43] and the Tautos Prisikėlimo Partija website contained no pledge of allegiance to Libertas.[53]

Portugal

In April 2009, the Portuguese ecologist Earth Party (MPT) announced in a joint press conference with Ganley that it would run for the 2009 European Parliament election with an open electoral list under the banner of Libertas.eu.[54]

Slovakia

While the vice-president of the EUDemocrats, Peter Kopecký had already announced the foundation of a Libertas Slovensko branch,[55] he changed his mind in late February and decided to head the list of the small, but already established Agrarian and Countryside Party.[56] Ganley had to look out to other options and met in Bratislava with leaders of the conservative parties KDS and OKS, and with Richard Sulík, the founder of the new (Sloboda a Solidarita). While Sulík, whom Ganley had already contacted before, still didn't show much interest, Vladimír Palko (KDS) agreed to bring in their joint list with OKS into the European network.[57][58] However, as the two partys didn't want to give up their distinct identities, they used Libertas only as supplementary brand.[59]

Endgame

Libertas fielded over 600 candidates (including substitutes), but only one was elected: Phillippe de Villiers.[60] Although Ganley himself polled a respectable number of votes, it was not enough for him to take a seat in his constituency. Ganley requested a recount of his personal vote but still lost.[60][61] Having made the promise to do so before the election, Ganley retired from politics following his defeat on 8 June 2009:[60][61] the fate of the party he founded, chaired, owned and governed was left to others.[60] However, the affiliated Libertas Institute did emerge again in the Republic of Ireland when the Irish government launched its re-run of the Lisbon Treaty, despite its defeat the previous year. The Libertas party, along with the other minority political groupings, such as the Socialist Party and Sinn Féin, which opposed the European Constitutional Amending Bill, were outspent and outperformed by the political proponents of the bill who won by a substantial majority. Declan Ganley went on to praise the Irish Prime Minister, or Taoiseach, on 'what was, politically, a masterful campaign...from a masterful politician who has made glove puppets out of the opposition'[62] although Ganley also cited recent economic turmoil in the country as a major deciding factor in the vote.

Staff
Name Position Notes
Declan Ganley Chairman Unelected
Jens-Peter Bonde Brussels Office Manager
Joe Trippi[63] Electoral consultant American Democratic campaign consultant.[63]
Worked on the presidential campaigns of Edward Kennedy, Walter Mondale, Gary Hart, Dick Gephardt, and John Edwards.
Lynton Crosby[64] Electoral consultant Australian campaign consultant.[64]
Worked on the election campaigns of John Howard, Michael Howard, and Boris Johnson.
Anita Kelly[65][66][67] Spokesperson
John McGuirk[68] Spokesperson Was named as a Libertas spokesperson in Slovakia in February 2009.[68]

Structure

Libertas's intended structure evolved with time. It was originally intended to be an alliance of national parties, but it was later envisaged as a single pan-European party with candidates running as individual members of Libertas. By the end of April 2009, Libertas's structure had settled into a loose association of national member parties (either new or pre-existing), with each member party adhering to a set of core principles (see below) but retaining its independence and adding on additional policies as it felt appropriate.[69]

For the purposes of contending the 2009 European Parliament elections, Libertas candidates ran under lists (the lists of candidates presented to voters in a European election) branded with the Libertas identity, as exemplified by the French approach.[20][70] Each list was made up of some combination of the following:

  • members of member parties
  • members of affiliate parties (parties that were not members of Libertas.eu but cooperated with it electorally)
  • individual members (people who chose to join Libertas.eu as individuals).

New national member parties established by Libertas had names in the "Libertas X" format, e.g. "Libertas Sweden"[71] (except in the UK).[nb 2] Pre-existing national member parties were asked to change their names to include the word "Libertas" in the title.[45] Members of member parties were members of Libertas automatically unless they chose otherwise.

Affiliate parties retained their original names.[72][73] Members of affiliate parties were not members of Libertas unless they chose to join as individuals.

Position
See also: Political positions of Libertas

Ganley stated that following a group conference in Rome in March 2009, (later postponed to 1 May 2009)[74] Libertas would publish a policy document or party manifesto. covering areas such as democracy, the economy, small businesses, the recession, and EU institution accountability.[75]

No formal manifesto was published at the convention.[76] Instead, Libertas's core principles were displayed on its website[77] and reiterated at its convention,[76] namely accountability, transparency, democracy and rejection of the Lisbon Treaty. Each member party and individual member was obliged to adhere to these core principles,[69] although they could add additional policies as they felt appropriate.[76] Affiliate parties were not obliged to so adhere.

The core principles were given concrete form when Libertas published the following policies on its website:[78]

  • The powers of legislative initiative, inspection and decision should be reserved to elected officials.
  • Expenses of the European Parliament and European Commission to be published.
  • European Commission to identify €10 billion in savings for financial year 2010/11.
  • Any given Constitution Treaty to be ratified by referendums in each member state.
  • Meetings in Brussels[nb 3] to be reduced by 50%.

Membership

Member parties

Member parties were members of Libertas.eu. Members of member parties were automatically members of Libertas.eu unless they chose otherwise.

 Estonia

 Germany

 Ireland

 Malta

 Netherlands

 Poland

 Sweden

 United Kingdom

 Latvia

Affiliate parties

Affiliate parties were not members of Libertas.eu but cooperated with it electorally under Libertas lists. Members of affiliate parties were not members of Libertas.eu unless they chose to join as individuals.

 Bulgaria

  • Svoboda (Свобода, SVOBODA)

 Czech Republic

 France

 Germany

 Greece

 Poland

 Portugal

  • Earth Party (Partido da Terra, PT), formerly the Movement the Earth Party (Movimento Partido da Terra, MPT)

 Slovakia

  • KDS-OKS coalition[94]

 Spain

Individual members
Further information: List of Libertas list candidates at the 2009 European Parliament elections

Individual members were people who chose to join Libertas.eu as individuals. People with no national party membership who were running under a Libertas list were automatically individual members.

2009 European Parliament elections
See also: European Parliament election, 2009 and List of Libertas list candidates at the 2009 European Parliament elections

Libertas didn't manage to present electoral lists in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Lithuania, Romania and Sweden. In the other European countries, the candidates on Libertas.eu's lists were either members of member parties, members of affiliate parties, or individual members.

Member state Libertas list Number of seats
contested
4–7 June 2009		 Elected
candidates
8 June 2009
 Czech Republic Libertas (Czech Republic) 29[43] 0[97]
 Estonia Libertas Estonia 6[43] 0[98]
 France Libertas France 147[43] 1[99]
 Germany Libertas Germany 11[100][nb 4] 0[101]
 Greece Libertas Greece 22[43] 0[102]
 Ireland Libertas Ireland 3[43] 0[103]
 Latvia Libertas Latvia 8[43] 0[104]
 Malta Libertas Malta 1[43] 0[105]
 Netherlands Libertas Netherlands 24[43] 0[106]
 Poland Libertas Poland 128[43][nb 5] 0[107]
 Portugal Libertas Portugal 22[43] 0[108]
 Slovakia Libertas Slovakia 13[43] 0[109]
 Spain Libertas Spain 50[43] 0[110]
 United Kingdom Libertas United Kingdom 56[43][nb 6] 0[111]

Commonality with other organizations
Main article: List of Declan Ganley organizations

Libertas was registered at Moyne Park, Tuam, County Galway along with other organisations associated with Libertas and/or Declan Ganley.[112][113][114][115][116][117] A list of organizations associated with Libertas.eu and/or Declan Ganley is given here.

See also

Notes
  1. The CRO entry for the Libertas Party gives these details:
    • Type: Company
    • Number: 463758
    • Name: The Libertas Party Limited,
    • Address: Moyne Park, Tuam, County Galway, Ireland
    • Registered: 30 October 2008
  2. The UK could not adopt a "Libertas X" format name because that name had already been registered with the Electoral Commission. The Libertas.eu member parties in the UK are "Pro-Democracy: Libertas.eu" and "Libertas Northern Ireland"
  3. Whether the term "Brussels" was used here to refer to the seat of the European Commission in Brussels, or to the seat of the European Parliament in Brussels, or to the seat of the Council of the European Union in Brussels, or to all of these, was not specified.
  4. Libertas's website gives a total of 22 people, made up of 11 actual candidates (bewerber) and their 11 substitute candidates (ersatzbewerber). Substitute candidates, (a.k.a. "alternates" or "replacements") were those people who replace the elected candidate if s/he dies or is otherwise disqualified from sitting in the European Parliament
  5. Kazimierz Wilk and Barbara Czyż resigned from Libertas, reducing the originally-reported total of 130 by two
  6. Benjamin Caradoc Tallis resigned from Libertas, reducing the originally-reported total of 57 by one

References
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  3. "Entry for the Libertas Party Limited", at www.solocheck.ie
  4. "Contact Libertas" Archived 31 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine on the www.libertas.eu
  5. "12 June pencilled in as date for Lisbon Treaty vote". BreakingNews.ie. 2 April 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
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  7. "Europe caught in our offside trap", Sunday Times, 15 June 2008
  8. "Lisbon treaty to bring more power to officials-critics in Prague", 13 January 2009, ČeskéNoviny.cz
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  17. "Libertas to seek a Euro majority", The Sunday Times, 13 December 2008
  18. Arnold, Bruce (2009). The Fight for Democracy – The Libertas Voice in Europe. A series of interviews with Declan Ganley by Bruce Arnold. ISBN 978-1-905706-18-1. Killynon House Books Ltd.
  19. Ganley's Brussels office opens for business
  20. "Européennes : Frédéric Nihous et Philippe de Villiers feront campagne commune", La Tribune, 4 March 2009, English translation here
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  29. "ВАС отхвърли жалбата на коалиция „Либертас: Свободните граждани" срещу решението на ЦИКЕП, с което е отказана регистрация на коалицията" Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, from http://www.sac.government.bg/, see also: "ВАС потвърди отказа за регистрация на „Либертас: Свободните граждани", 15 May 2009, from http://www.blitz.bg/
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  31. "Think-tank: Lisbon Treaty brings new imperialism" 4 November 2008, Prague Monitor
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  33. "Klaus calls himself 'EU dissident'" Archived 31 January 2013 at archive.today, 11 November 2008, Prague Monitor
  34. New right wing party to be founded. 9 December 2008, Prague Monitor.
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  36. "Anti-Lisbon party launches in Czech Republic Archived 16 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine", The Irish Times, Monday 12 January 2009
  37. "MPs who voted against Czech government join Libertas list for European Parliament elections" Archived 3 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine 1 April 2009, libertas.eu
  38. "Libertas candidates sign petition for democracy at Rome Convention" Archived 7 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  39. "Ο ευρω-λόγος των κομμάτων" Archived 21 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, from Eptanews.gr
  40. "Legyen ön is EP-képviselő!: Magyarkúti Barna", 28 April 2009
  41. "Libertas.eu and l’Autonomia in discussions to run together for European elections in Italy: Announcement to be made at the first Libertas Convention in Rome" undated Archived 4 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  42. "La Destra al meeting paneuropeo Libertas" Archived 5 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine, undated
  43. "Libertas.eu :: Candidates" Archived 30 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  44. "L'Autonomia website". Lautonomia.it. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  45. "Party agitating against Lisbon Treaty seeks candidates for European Parliament elections in Lithuania" Archived 22 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 4 March 2009, from www.euro.lt
  46. "Į Vilnių vėl atvyksta paneuropinės partijos „Libertas“ vadovas", 2009.03.27 18:24, balsas.lt, English translation here
  47. Libertas announces election plans for Lithuania. From Libertas.eu, 31 March 2009. Retrieved 31 March 2009. Archived 2 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  48. "Paneuropinės partijos „Libertas“ EP rinkimų sąraše – Bielinis (papildyta)", 31 March 2009 14:35, alfa.lt, English translation here
  49. "Prezidento patarėjas šturmuos Europarlamentą su A.Valinsko partija (dar atnaujinta)" Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 31 March 2009, politika.atn.lt Archived 26 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine, English translation here
  50. "Л. Белинис – уже не советник президента", 1 April 2009, from news.penki.lt Archived 28 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine, English translation here
  51. "Kandidatų sąrašai" Archived 20 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, from http://vilnius.adagio4.eu/
  52. "Lietuvos Respublikos vyriausioji rinkimų komisija: 2009 m. birželio 7 d. rinkimai į Europos Parlamentą" Archived 28 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine, from http://www.vrk.lt/
  53. "Tautos Prisikėlimo Partija website". Prisikelimopartija.lt. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  54. "Libertas and MPT announce European election partnership" Archived 4 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine 27 April 2009, http://www.libertas.eu/
  55. "Priatelia, spolupracovníci, príbuzní, rodáci, spoluobčania!" Declaration of Libertas Slovensko, Bratislava, January 2009
  56. "EUROPEAN ELECTIONS 2009 - Peter Kopecky to contest European elections" Archived 4 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 20 March 2009
  57. "Ganley: Európska únia je skoro ako Chávez", 23 February 2009
  58. "Libertas announces alliance in Slovakia" Archived 17 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
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  64. "Howard's man in Europe challenge", The Australian, 23 March 2009
  65. "Libertas w Warszawie" Archived 23 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine Nasz Dziennik, 3 February 2009
  66. "Irish anti-EU party make Austrian bid" Archived 22 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Wiener Zeitung, 20 February 2009
  67. "Czech Libertas recruit has conviction for evading duty" Irish Times, 22 January 2009
  68. "Slováci si možná budou vybírat europoslance ze strany Libertas", 23 February 2009, iDNES.cz, English translation here
  69. "Libertas Eesti Erakond kinnitas Europarlamendi valimisnimekirja" Archived 3 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine undated page on http://www.libertas.eu/
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  72. "Irlandzki milioner tworzy w Polsce antyeuropejski ruch", 7 January 2009, from www.tvp.info, English translation here
  73. "Nytt nejparti ställer upp i EU-valet" Archived 4 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 3 March 2009, from dn.se, English translation here
  74. "Nowa partia nie będzie mieć polskiego prezesa", ONET.pl, 20 March 2009, English translation here
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  76. "Flags and slogans mark Libertas congress in Rome", HONOR MAHONY, 1 May 2009, http://euobserver.com/
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  78. "Libertas.eu: Policies" Archived 18 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine from http://libertas.eu/ Archived 23 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  79. "Volby.cz Evropský parlament 2009 > Jmenné seznamy a přehledy > Kandidáti dle politické příslušnosti > Strana Libertas" from http://volby.cz/
  80. "Wahlbewerber AUF" Archived 18 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine from http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de
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  88. "Pierwszy kongres polskiej Partii Regionów", undated (18 April 2009?), http://wiadomosci.wp.pl/
  89. "Do PE startują Libertas, LPR, UPR, Prawica i PDP", 29 March 2009, newsweek.pl, English translation here
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  91. "Wojciech Wierzejski komentuje rejestrację list: Hasłem naszym Wolność będzie i Ojczyzna nasza!" Archived 23 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  92. "Libertas list candidates in constituency number 4" Archived 23 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  93. "Libertas list candidates in constituency number 8" Archived 23 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  94. "Libertas announces alliance in Slovakia" Archived 17 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine from http://www.libertas.eu/
  95. "Miguel Durán, cabeza de lista de la coalición Ciudadanos-Libertas", 15 April 2009, http://www.libertaddigital.com, English translation here
  96. "La elección de Miguel Durán como candidato desata una nueva crisis en C´s", 20 April 2009 22:10, http://www.elconfidencial.com, English translation here
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  102. "Results:Greece". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  103. "Results:Ireland". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  104. "Results:Latvia". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  105. "Results:Malta". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
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  107. "Results:Poland". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
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  110. "Results:Spain". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  111. "Results:United Kingdom". Elections2009-results.eu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  112. "Self Serving US Military Agenda of Messrs Ganley and McEvaddy" Archived 27 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine FineGael.ie Press Release, 25 April 2008
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  116. "Ireland Takes the EU Spotlight" Washington Post, 12 June 2008
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