Lipova, Arad

Lipova (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈlipova]; German and Hungarian: Lippa; Serbian: Липова, Lipova; Turkish: Lipva) is a town in Romania, Arad County, located in the Banat region. It is situated at a distance of 34 km (21 mi) from Arad, the county capital, at the contact zone of the river Mureș with the Zarand Mountains, the Western Plateau, and the Lipova Hills. It administers two villages, Radna (Máriaradna) and Șoimoș (Solymosvár), and its total surface is 134.6 km2 (52.0 sq mi).

Lipova
Town
Nicolae Bălcescu Street in Lipova
Nicolae Bălcescu Street in Lipova
Coat of arms of Lipova
Coat of arms
Location in Arad County
Location in Arad County
Lipova is located in Romania
Lipova
Lipova
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 46°5′30″N 21°41′30″E
CountryRomania
CountyArad
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Florin-Fabius Pera[1] (PSD)
Area
134.6 km2 (52.0 sq mi)
Elevation
153 m (502 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
10,040
 • Density75/km2 (190/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
315400
Area code(+40) 02 57
Vehicle reg.AR
Websitewww.primarialipova.ro

The first written record of the town dates back to 1315 under the name Lipwa. In 1324 the settlement was mentioned as castellanus de Lypua, a place-name that reflects its reinforced character of that time.

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1930 6,000—    
1948 6,556+9.3%
1956 10,064+53.5%
1966 11,705+16.3%
1977 11,863+1.3%
1992 12,059+1.7%
2002 11,491−4.7%
2011 9,648−16.0%
2021 10,040+4.1%
Source: Census data

At the 2021 census, Lipova had a population of 10,040.[3] At the 2011 census, the town had 9,648 inhabitants; of those, 94% were Romanians, 2.89% Hungarians, 1.47% Roma, 1.27% Germans, 0.18% Ukrainians, 0.07% Slovaks, and 0.1% of other or undeclared nationalities.

Etymology

Its name is derived from the Slavic word lipa, linden tree, with the -ova suffix.[4]

History

Situated at the crossing of the roads leading to Transylvania, Banat, and Wallachia, Lipova had a history full of vicissitudes. It was situated strategically at the Mureș River's exit from the defile, and consequently it was an extremely enviable centre. After the Tartar invasion in 1241 the fortresses were rebuilt, and the lines of the future urban settlement started to get contoured around the castle. Several names of famous historical personalities are related to this castle, such as John Hunyadi, Matthias Corvinus, György Dózsa, John Zápolya, etc. Due to the continuous disputes, the town has become four times under Turkish administration (between 1552 and 1595, between 1613 and 1686, between 1690-1691 and between 1695 and 1716), and starting with 1716 it came under Habsburg domination. During the first Ottoman rule Lipova became the centre of the Lipova Sanjak. Muslims lived in the centre of the city and were constituted by soldiers or their families residing in the castle and its outskirts. While the countryside and other towns within the sanjak were exclusively Christian.[5] In the 18th-19th centuries Lipova was a well-developed economic centre with famous craftsmen working here. In the period of the revolution in 1848-49 and in the beginning of the 20th century Lipova became an important centre of political and national emancipation, due to the activity of remarkable personalities, such as Nicolae Bălcescu, Vasile Goldiș, Alexandru Mocioni, and Teodor Șerb.

Șoimoș Castle has also taken part from the successive vicissitudinary periods related to the historical events of Lipova and to the defensive role of the main entrance gate from Transylvania.

Tourist attractions

The car industry, light industry, services and tourism are the most representative economic sectors. The tourist sites of the town include both natural and anthropic elements. Due to the abundance of tourist attractions, Lipova is an important tourism centre. The natural reservation "Balta Șoimoș", the Șoimoș Castle, the monastery called "Saint Mary" in Radna, the Church of the Annunciation and the Church of the Assumption of Virgin Mary in Lipova, the town museum, the "Sub dughene" bazaar (Turkish bazaar), the environs of the town-hall (Nicolae Bălcescu Street) and the thermal bath where springs with curative mineral water flow.

Natives

References
  1. "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
  2. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. "Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
  4. Iordan, Iorgu (1963). Toponimia romînească. Bucharest: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne. p. 99. OCLC 460710897.
  5. Serdaroğlu, Murat (2018-10-16). "H.974/M.1566 Tarihli Tahrir Defterlerine Göre Lipova Sancağı". Vakanüvis - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi (in Turkish). 3: 307–319. ISSN 2149-9535.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lipova.
  • Church of the Annunciation in Lipova
    Church of the Annunciation in Lipova
  • Atanasie Marinescu High Schooling Lipova
    Atanasie Marinescu High Schooling Lipova
  • Maria Radna Monastery in Radna
    Maria Radna Monastery in Radna
  • Ruins of Șoimoș Citadel
    Ruins of Șoimoș Citadel
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