List of Arkansas Civil War Confederate units

This is a list of Arkansas Civil War Confederate Units, or military units from the state of Arkansas which fought for the Confederacy in the American Civil War. The list of Union units is shown separately.

Like most states, Arkansas possessed a prewar Militia organization, which consisted of seventy one regiments, organized into eight brigades, and divided into two divisions. In addition to its standard militia regiment or regiments, each county was authorized to create up to four Volunteer Militia Companies. While none of the prewar militia regiments were enrolled into Confederate service, many of the existing Volunteer Militia Companies were enrolled into new volunteer regiments. Other new Volunteer Companies were raised with no connection to the prewar militia. Immediately following secession, the State Military Board began organizing regiments of State Troops. Many of these regiments were eventually transferred into Confederate Service. Some Volunteer Regiments were organized under direct authority of the new Confederate Government and were never organized as State Troops. In April 1862, the Confederate Congress passed a conscription law and new companies and regiments were organized almost entirely of conscripted (drafted) men. Volunteers usually went into already existing units. The secession convention also authorized each county to organize Home Guard units made up of men too young or too old or otherwise exempt from conscription or militia service.

Militia

At the beginning of the war, the Arkansas Militia consisted of 71 Regiments, which were organized into two divisions, each division made up of four brigades. Every county had at least one regiment, and several had more than one.[1] The Arkansas Militia Act allowed each regiment to form up to four volunteer companies.[2] While the regular militia regiments were required to drill three times per year and were required to supply their own weapons, the volunteer companies drilled much more often and were supplied with equipment by the state.

Only one Militia Regiment, the 45th Arkansas Militia Regiment of Searcy County, was mobilized for service during the war. In the fall of 1861, Governor Rector called up the 45th Militia Regiment to deal with a potential threat to the Confederate government from the anti-war "peace societies". The militiamen arrested suspects in the Ozark Mountains of northwest Arkansas, and many of them were forced to enlist in Marmaduke's 18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

Governor Rector ordered Colonel Solon F. Borland to form a provisional battalion of militia in Pulaski County in April 1862 for the purpose of seizing the federal installation at Fort Smith, Borland's Arkansas Infantry Battalion consisted of three volunteer infantry companies and a volunteer artillery battery from the 13th Arkansas Militia Regiment. Borland's Battalion marched on Fort Smith, only to discover the military post had been abandoned by Federal Troops the day before. One company remained to guard the post, and the rest returned to Pulaski County, where they became part of volunteer regiments.

A decision was made by the state Arkansas Secession Convention not to activate the militia in mass, but form a series of new State Troop regiments for the new Army of Arkansas.[3] Many of these volunteer militia companies were enrolled in the new volunteer regiments which were formed by the Military Board of Arkansas.[1]

State Troops

Provisional Army of Arkansas

The Arkansas Succession Convention decided that rather than activating the existing militia regiments, they would raise new volunteer regiments. The convention was concerned that if the militia was called out and transferred into Confederate Service, they would be subject to being transferred out of the state, leaving the state defenseless. The convention was also concerned with the cost involved in paying for a large standing state force. These new volunteer regiments would be a part of the Provisional Army of Arkansas and would be transitioned into Confederate service as quickly as possible. The Provisional Army of Arkansas was to consist of two divisions, the 1st Division in the western part of the state, and the 2nd Division in the eastern part of the state. The new regiments of State Troops were mustered into service for 90 days. The regiments in the eastern division were transferred into Confederate Service under the command of Brigadier General Hardee. The regiments in the western division participated in the Battle of Wilson's Creek as a brigade under State Brigadier General N.B. Pearce. Following the battle of Wilson's Creek, the western division was marched back to Arkansas and given the opportunity to vote on whether or not they would be transferred into Confederate Service. The units of the western division voted to disband rather than transfer into Confederate service. The Secession Convention appointed a new state military board to organize the new regiments and coordinate their transition into Confederate service.

Left to its own defenses

In the Spring of 1862, the state again attempted to gather its own force of State Troops. General Van Dorn had been ordered to take his Army of the West, east of the Mississippi River in order to support Confederate efforts in western Tennessee that would ultimately lead to the Battle of Shiloh and the Corinth Campaign. The State Military Board authorized the establishment of several new regiments for the defense of the State, and ordered the conscription of the requisite number of men from the militia to fill the ranks. The new regiments were organized fairly quickly, and were mustered into service in June, July and August 1862. They were mustered into service as the 1st (Rector), 2nd (Brooks) and 3rd (Peel) Regiments, Northwest Division, District of Arkansas. Colonel Peel was eventually superseded by Charles W. Adams, resulting in what is known as 3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops (Adams'), which, was disbanded after breaking under fire during the Battle of Prairie Grove. The 1st and 2nd Regiments, Northwest Division, finally assumed their authorized designations of 35th (Rector) and 34th (Brooks) Arkansas Regiments, respectively.[4]

The last-ditch recruiting effort

Following the fall of Little Rock to Union Forces in September 1863, the State of Arkansas was again forced to raise units of State Troops in order to provide for its own defense. Governor Harris Flanagin (who had defeated Governor Rector in his re-election bid of 1862) issued a proclamation on August 10, 1863, just a month before the capitol fell, announcing that he had been authorized to raise new regiments of state troops and that by special agreement these new units could not be transferred out of the state by Confederate authorities.[5] After the fall of Little Rock, recruiting was far more difficult than it had been in the first years of the war. The constant transfer of Arkansas troops into the eastern theater of the war, across the Mississippi River from their homes, was a major objection by the remaining population of men eligible for military service. With Federal forces now occupying the state capitol, the Confederate state government had no way of enforcing conscription laws in the counties behind the Union lines, except during raids by Generals Price and Shelby in 1864. The remaining Confederate regiments were plagued by desertions.[6]

On September 16, 1863, Governor Fagan issued General Order No. 6 from Arkadelphia, which called into service the militia regiments of the counties of Clark, Hempstead, Sevier, Pike, Polk, Montgomery, La Fayette, Ouachita, Union, and Columbia in order to resist the Federal army. The Governor's order directed the regiments to march to Arkadelphia at the earliest possible day. Companies were to be mounted and commanders were to compel persons evading the call to come to the rendezvous. The intent was to form companies of twelve-month mounted volunteers.[7] In describing this call in a letter to General Holmes dated October 18, 1863, from Washington, Arkansas, the new Confederate state capitol, Flanagin stated that he issued the order calling out the militia, as an experiment, expecting to get volunteers. The order succeeded in getting companies organized in the counties where the call for the militia was enforced which resulted in seven companies being collected under the call.[6] Flanagin also stated that "the troops raised by the State are more than double all the troops raised by volunteering, or by the conscript law, within the past few months".[6]

These new units of Arkansas State Troops were placed under the overall command of Col. William H. Trader who was detailed to Governor Flanagin by General E. Kirby Smith. Col. Trader remained in command of the state troops until he resigned in June 1864.[8]

On January 14, 1864, Governor Flanagin, through General Peay, issued General Orders, No. 8. which directed that certain named companies of Arkansas mounted volunteers, which had been called into the service of the State under the proclamation of the August 10, 1863, be designated as the 1st Battalion, Arkansas State Troops, more often referred to as Pettus's Battalion Arkansas State Troops. The unit participated in the battle of Marks Mill on April 25, 1864, as a part of Brigadier General William L. Cabell's Brigade. Lieutenant Colonel Pettus was killed during the battle and Captain P.K. Williamson of Company A commanded the battalion until the unit was increased to a regiment and transferred to Confederate service.[9]

In August 1864 when the term of enlistment for these state troops was about to expire, Adjutant General Peay issued an order which directed that companies be allowed to vote on the subject of being transferred into Confederate service. On September 5, 1864, the State Troop companies, including Pettus's Battalion, were formed into one regiment of cavalry to be designated as the 3rd Regiment of Arkansas State Cavalry, with Col. Robert C. Newton assigned to the command of the regiment until an election could be held for field officers.[10] This unit was mustered into the Confederate Service on the October 31, 1864[11] as the 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), and Col. Newton was elected regimental commander.[9]

List of Arkansas State Troop units

UnitCommanderAlternate DesignationFinal Designation
1st Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel Patrick R. Cleburne1st Arkansas Volunteer Infantry15th (Josey's) Arkansas Volunteer Infantry
3rd Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel John R. Gratiot2nd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops

"Gratiot's Regiment"[12]

Disbanded following Battle of Wilson's Creek
4th Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel J. D. Walker"Walker's Regiment" Disbanded following Battle of Wilson's Creek
5th Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel Thomas P. Dockery"Dockery's Regiment"Disbanded following Battle of Wilson's Creek
5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops (Cross)Colonel David C. CrossFighting Fifth 5th Arkansas Volunteer Infantry
6th Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel Richard Lyon 6th Arkansas Volunteer Infantry
7th Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel Robert G. ShaverBloody Seventh7th Arkansas Volunteer Infantry
8th Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel William K. Patterson 8th Arkansas Volunteer Infantry
1st Cavalry Regiment, Arkansas State TroopsColonel DeRosey CarrollCarroll's RegimentDisbanded following Battle of Wilson's Creek
Helena ArtilleryCaptain A. W. Clarkson

Captain John H. Calvert

Captain Thomas J. Key

Key's Battery

Clarkson's Battery,

Company C, 20th Alabama Light Artillery Battalion

Company H, 28th Georgia Artillery Battalion

Jackson Light Artillery Captain James G. Thrall

Captain George W. McCown

Captain George T. Hubbard

Thrall's Battery

McCown's Battery

3rd Arkansas Light Artillery
Pulaski Light Artillery Captain Robert C. Newton

Captain William Edward Woodruff, Jr.[13]

Woodruff's Battery

Weaver Light Artillery

3rd Arkansas Field Battery

Disbanded following Battle of Wilson's Creek Reformed later as the Weaver Light Artillery
Fort Smith ArtilleryCaptain John G. ReidRied's BatteryDisbanded following Battle of Wilson's Creek
"Clark County Light Artillery"[14]Captain Frank RobertsWiggins Arkansas Battery

Robert's Arkansas Battery

2nd Arkansas Light Artillery
1st Regiment, Northwest DivisionColonel Frank RectorRector's War Regiment35th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
2nd Regiment, Northwest DivisionColonel William H. Brooks34th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
3rd Regiment, Northwest DivisionColonel Charles W. AdamsAdams's Arkansas Infantry RegimentDisbanded following Battle of Prairie Grove
1st Battalion, Arkansas State Troops Colonel William H. Trader

Lieutenant Colonel Allen T. Pettus

Colonel Robert C. Newton

Trader's Battalion Arkansas State Troops

Pettus's Battalion Arkansas State Troops

3rd Regiment of Arkansas State Cavalry

10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's)
2nd Battalion, Arkansas State Troops Lieutenant Colonel John Crowell Wright Wright's Battalion

Wright's Cavalry

12th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

Confederate Forces raised in Arkansas

Infantry

Tracking Arkansas Confederate infantry regiments can be extremely complicated due to the fact that numerical designations were often issued to multiple units. Some of these duplications were due to the competing authorities attempting to organize forces in the state. Other duplications were due to poor and or delayed communications between the various mustering agents, the Arkansas State Military Board, which was in charge of organizing forces within the state, and the Confederate War Department in Richmond. Additional duplications occurred when parts of various regiments were captured, only to be paroled, exchanged and returned to active status at some later point. Finally, much duplication occurred after effective communications had been severed between Richmond and the Department of the Trans-Mississippi. at one point, General Hindman began designating new units organized in Arkansas as Trans-Mississippi Rifle Regiments, which resulted in many regiments serving west of the Mississippi having duplicate designations with units serving east of the Mississippi River.

Competing Authorities

An example of the confusion caused by the competing authorities organizing forces is the numbers of the regiment organized by Colonel, later Major General, Patrick Cleburne. Cleburne's regiment received the designation of 1st Arkansas when it was mustered into state service at Mound City on May 14, 1861. Cleburne's regiment was accepted into Confederate service by General Hardee on July 23, 1861, at Pitman's Ferry, Arkansas as the 1st Arkansas Volunteer Infantry. However Confederate authorities had authorized Colonel T. B. Flournoy to raise a regiment of Arkansas Volunteers in April 1861, before the state had actually seceded. The regiment raised by Flournoy, which elected James F. Fagan as its original colonel, was never mustered into State Service, so it never received a state designation. When Cleburne's regiment's documents reached the war department, the duplication was discovered and Cleburne's regiment was re-designated as the 15th Arkansas. Unfortunately there would be two other regiments which were also numbered the 15th Arkansas, one commanded by Colonel Dandrige McRea and another commanded by Colonel James Gee.[15]

Additionally, at various times during the war, the State Military Board attempted to organized State Troop organizations, which were not intended to be transferred to Confederate Service. Most of these regiments were eventually transferred into Confederate service but they existed, often with duplicated state number designations for some period of time as state organizations. An example of this confusion involves the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment and Adams Arkansas Infantry Regiment. After the battle of Pea Ridge, General Van Dorn took most of the organized regiments in the state, and all military supplies that he could lay hand on and moved them across the Mississippi River to Corinth, Mississippi, leaving the state basically defenseless. The State Military Board authorized the establishment of several new regiments for the defense of the State, and ordered the conscription of the requisite number of men from the militia to fill the ranks. The new regiments were organized fairly quickly, and were mustered into service in June, July and August 1862. Among the newly organized regiments authorized by the State Military Board were the 34th (Col. William H. Brooks), 35th (Col. Frank A. Rector) and 36th (Col. Samuel W. Peel). True to form, these designations were ignored, and they were mustered into service as the 1st (Rector), 2nd (Brooks) and 3rd (Peel) Regiments, Northwest Division, District of Arkansas. Colonel Peel was eventually superseded by Charles W. Adams, resulting in what is known as Adam's 3rd Arkansas Infantry, which, was disbanded after the Battle of Prairie Grove. The 1st and 2nd Regiments, Northwest Division, finally assumed their authorized designations of 35th and 34th Arkansas Regiments, respectively. To further confuse matters, when the United States War Department clerks who put together the Compiled Service Records, decades after the war, ran across scattered records of certain men of the 3rd Arkansas who had been paroled at Springfield, Missouri, after the battle of Prairie Grove, they compiled them with the records of Colonel Van H. Manning's 3rd Arkansas Volunteer Infantry Regiment. In fact, these men belonged to Adams's so-called 3rd Arkansas.[4]

Confusing Communications

Communications with the Confederate War Department also led to much confusion. When a new regiment was organized, state officials issued the next available number under its numbering scheme. Before a new unit obtained its final or Confederate designation, the regimental muster rolls and election returns had to be forwarded to the Confederate War Department which would assign the next available number, according to its numbering scheme. Given the great distance involved, even before Union forces established effective control of the Mississippi River, many duplications occurred. When a duplication was identified, the Confederate War Department would attempt to renumber a regiment to relieve the confusion, but often only confused the issue further. A good example of this type of duplication is the regiment organized by Dandridge McRea. McRea's unit was originally designated as the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Battalion, because it lacked the required number of companies to organize as a full regiment. By the time sufficient companies were added to bring the unit up to regimental strength, the unit was designated as the 21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment. However, Confederate authorities realized that they had also accepted Colonel Jordan E. Cravens regiment as the 21st Arkansas. To rectify the confusion, the Confederate War Department redesignated McRea's Regiment as the 15th Arkansas Infantry. Almost immediately, the Confederate War Department realized that it had just awarded this designation to Cleburne's former 1st Arkansas, so McRea's Regiment was redesignated as the 15th (Northwest) Arkansas Infantry Regiment.[16]

Designations affected by surrender, parole and exchange

The designations of some units became conflicted as parts of units were captured and later paroled, exchanged, and re-entered active service. An example of this is Dawson's 19th Arkansas Infantry. The regiment completed its organization at Nashville, Arkansas, in November 1861 and Charles L. Dawson was elected colonel. The unit was assigned to the garrison of Fort Hindman at Arkansas Post, where a large part of the regiment was captured when the fort was surrendered on January 11, 1863. Some of the men, including the regimental commander, Colonel Dawson, were absent from Arkansas Post at the time it surrendered. This remnant of the 19th was consolidated with similar remnants of other units captured at the post, and with Colonel Dawson, in command, they were referred to as the 19th/24th Consolidated Arkansas, sometimes being referred to as Hardy's Regiment (who succeeded Dawson in command), and operated in the Trans-Mississippi department for the remainder of the war. The part of Dawson's original regiment that was captured at Arkansas Post, were sent to prisons in the North, and when exchanged in April 1863 at City Point, Virginia, and then transferred to the Army of Tennessee, where they spent the rest of the war, also being referred to as the 19th Arkansas. There was also a third regiment that was given the designation of 19th Arkansas. This regiment was organized on April 2, 1862, at DeValls Bluff, with Col. Hamilton P. Smead in command. Smead was eventually replaced by Colonel Thomas P. Dockery, and surrendered with the garrison of Vicksburg Mississippi.[17]

Re-organization of the Trans-Mississippi Department

In May 1862, Major General Hindman assumed command of the Trans-Mississippi and found that the state had been stripped of organized Confederate forces when Major General Van Dorn moved his Army of the West, east of the Mississippi River. In order to organize a new Confederate Army in Arkansas, Hindman utilized the Confederate Conscription act of April 1862. This act actually specifically forbid the use of conscription to raise to units. It had been intended to create a pool of replacements for the regiments which were already in Confederate service but had been depleted by disease and battle filed losses. With no organized regiments in Arkansas, Hindman was forced to create new units. He designated several of his new units as Trans-Mississippi Rifle Regiments. Col. Asa S. Morgan's 26th Arkansas Regiment was designated as the 3rd Trans-Mississippi Regiment. Immediately the officers and men begin to refer to themselves as the 3rd Arkansas Regiment. This leads to confusion for researchers who find Col. Van H. Manning's 3rd Arkansas Volunteer Infantry serving under General Lee in the Army of Northern Virginia and a group in Arkansas who insist on also calling themselves the 3rd Arkansas.[4] General Hindman's reason for the use of this designation isn't clear. It may have been a way of emphasizing that these units were for use west of the Mississippi River in the new Department of the Trans-Mississippi, or it may be related to his dispute with Governor Rector over Rector's plan to raise new regiments of State Troops instead of enrolling new units in Confederate service. It may also have to do with the fact that several of these new units at least initially contained companies of men from Missouri and Texas who were in Arkansas when the organization began.

Consolidated units

As Confederate units lost access to the geographical area's that they were organized in, they lost any ability to recruit replacements for their battlefield and non battlefield losses. This was particularly true of the regiments that found themselves isolated east of the Mississippi River after the fall of Vicksburg in 1863. As the regiments continued to dwindle in size, it became necessary to combine or consolidate units in order to eliminate unnecessary, redundant command and staff positions and field units at or near full strength. Most of these consolidations were considered "field consolidations" which were intended to be temporary organizations, until recruits could be obtained. Attempts were made to maintain the separate identity of the original regiments in these temporary or field consolidations. Later as the manpower shortage became more extreme, it became necessary to make these consolidations permanent. In the Department of the Trans-Mississippi, these permanent consolidations began in 1864, resulting in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiments. In the Army of Tennessee these permanent consolidations did not occur until the final month of the war, resulting in the 1st Consolidated Arkansas Infantry and the 1st Consolidated Arkansas Mounted Rifles.

The 40 Series Regiments

The State Military Board assigned designators in the 40-series all the way up to the 48th Arkansas. The 40-series Arkansas infantry regiments are actually listed as cavalry regiments in most histories.[18] The first four (40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd) were assigned to the Arkansas regiments that were surrendered at the Sieges of Vicksburg and Port Hudson, when these regiments were reorganized in southern Arkansas following their parole and exchange. The 41st was assigned to the exchanged prisoners of the 20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, the 42nd was assigned to the survivors of the 23rd Arkansas Infantry. The 40th and 43rd were assigned to either 15th (Northwest) or the 19th (Dockery's) Arkansas, but it is impossible to be sure which was which because of the illegibility of the original documents. All of these were assigned as mounted infantry designations, and all of them were ignored by the Confederate Army because the old designations continued to be used in the reports for their commanders. There are occasionally prisoner of war records that utilize the official designations.

The 44th through the 48th Arkansas infantry regiments were raised in the summer of 1864, were mounted in order to accompany Price's 1864 Missouri Expedition, which was planned as an all-cavalry affair. Rare references list them as mounted infantry, for example, 44th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted). However, they were almost always referred to as Cavalry units (for example 44th Arkansas Cavalry) when the numerical designation was used. Usually, however, they were simply designated by the name of the regiment's colonel, for example, McGehee's Arkansas Cavalry. These regiments were for the most part raised in northeast Arkansas, and seem to have consisted in large part of absentees from other regiments. The 45th Arkansas, for example, consisted largely of absentees from the 7th Arkansas and the 38th Arkansas Regiments.[19]

List of Arkansas Confederate Regiments

RegimentMuster DateCommandersAlternate Designations
1st Arkansas Infantry RegimentMay 6, 1861 Colonel James F. Fagan

Colonel John W. Colquitt[20]

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry
1st Arkansas 30 Day Volunteer RegimentNovember 23, 1861Colonel James Haywood McCalebNone
1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry[21] April 9, 1865Colonel Edward Alexander Howell [22] 1st Arkansas Infantry.

2nd Arkansas Infantry.

5th Arkansas Infantry.

6th and 7th Arkansas Infantry.

8th Arkansas Infantry.

24th Arkansas Infantry.

13th Arkansas Infantry.

15th (Josey's) Arkansas Infantry.

19th (Dawsons's) Arkansas Infantry.

3rd Confederate Infantry.

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry (Trans-Mississippi)[23] May 17, 1864[24] Colonel Jordan E. Cravens 1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

14th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Powers'),

15th (Northwest) Arkansas Infantry Regiment,

16th Arkansas Infantry Regiment,

21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Craven's)

2nd Arkansas Infantry RegimentJune 26, 1861[25] Colonel Thomas C. Hindman

Lieutenant Colonel J. W. Bacoge

Lieutenant Colonel Elbridge Brasher

Colonel Daniel C. Govan[26]

Lieutenant Colonel E. Warfield[27]

Hindman's Legion

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

2nd Arkansas 30 Day Volunteer RegimentNovember 18, 1861Major AllenNone
2nd Arkansas Consolidated InfantryMay 17, 1864[24] Colonel T.J. Reid[23]

12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment 23rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment

8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion

12th Arkansas Infantry Battalion

3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 5, 1861 Colonel Albert Rust

Colonel Van. H. Manning[28]

Lieutenant Colonel Robert S. Taylor (acting)[29]

None
3rd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry[23] May 17, 1864[24] Colonel H. G. P. Williams 15th (Gee/Johnson) Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, (Dockery's)

20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment August 17, 1861 Colonel Evander McNair,

Colonel H. G. Bunn[30]

Southwestern Arkansas Regiment

1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (Consolidated)

5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment June 28, 1861 (State Service)

July 27, 1861 (Confederate Service)

Colonel David C. Cross,

Colonel Lucius Featherston,

Colonel Peter V. Green,

Colonel John E. Murray[26]

Fighting Fifth[31]

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment June 10, 1861 (State Service)

July 26, 1861, (Confederate Service)

Colonel Richard Lyon

Colonel Alexander Travis Hawthorn

Colonel G. S. Smith[20]

Major William F. Douglas [26]

Lieutenant Colonel Peter Snyder [27]

6th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops

6th & 7th Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

7th Arkansas Infantry Regiment June 16, 1861 (State Service)

July 26, 1861 (Confederate Service)

Colonel Robert G. Shaver

Colonel D. A. Gillespie

"Bloody Seventh"

6th & 7th Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

8th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 13, 1861 (State Service)[32]

September 10, 1861 (Confederate Service)

Colonel William K. Patterson

Colonel George F. Baucum,[26]

Colonel John H. Kelly

8th/19th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiments

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 20, 1861[32] Colonel John M. Bradley,

Colonel Isaac L. Dunlop

"Parson's Regiment"

1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (Consolidated)

10th Arkansas Infantry RegimentJuly 27, 1861Colonel T. D. Merrick

Colonel A. R. Witt

Witt's 10th Arkansas Cavalry
11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 28, 1861, first election

August 8, 1861, second election

Colonel Jabez M. Smith

Colonel John L. Logan

Colonel John Griffith

11th and 17th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment

11th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

11th and 17th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment March 1863 Colonel John L. Logan

Colonel John Griffith[33]

11th / 17th Arkansas Mounted Infantry[34]
12th Arkansas Infantry RegimentJuly 27, 1861[35]Colonel Edward W. Gantt

Colonel T. J. Reid, Jr.

2nd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment
13th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 29, 1861 Colonel L. Featherston,

Colonel James A. McNeely,

Colonel John E. Murry,

Colonel James C. Tappan

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry
14th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (McCarver's) October 22, 1861 Colonel James H. McCarver 9th Battalion Arkansas Infantry

18th Battalion Arkansas Infantry

21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Craven's)

14th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Powers')July 1861Colonel William C. Mitchell,

Colonel Eli Dodson,

Colonel Frank P. Powers

14th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment (Trans-Mississippi)

15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Johnson's) January 2, 1862[36] Colonel James Gee

Colonel Ben W. Johnson

15th (Gee/Johnson)Arkansas Infantry Regiment[37]
15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's) May 14, 1861 (State Service)

July 23, 1861 (Confederate Service)

Colonel Patrick R. Cleburne

Lieutenant Colonel Archibald K. Patton

Colonel Lucius E. Polk

Colonel John E. Josey[38]

1st Regiment, Arkansas State Troops

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Northwest)July 15, 1861 Colonel Dandridge McRae

Colonel James H. Hobbs

Colonel Squire Boone

3rd Arkansas Infantry Battalion

21st (McRae's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment (Trans-Mississippi)[39]

16th Arkansas Infantry Regiment December 4, 1861[40] Colonel John F. Hill

Colonel David Provence

16th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[41]

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment (Trans-Mississippi)

17th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Griffith's)November 17, 1861[42] Colonel Frank Rector

Colonel John L. Logan

Colonel John Griffith

11th / 17th Arkansas Mounted Infantry

17th Arkansas Cavalry

17th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Lemoyne's) August 1, 1861[42] Colonel George W. Lemoyne

Colonel Jordan E. Cravens

21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment[43]

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment (Trans-Mississippi)

18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's) [44]April 2, 1862 Colonel David W. Carroll

Colonel John N. Daly

Colonel Robert Hamilton Crockett

Lieutenant Colonel William N. Parish

2nd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

18th Arkansas Mounted Infantry

18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Marmaduke's) January 1, 1862 Colonel Thomas C. Hindman

Colonel John S. Marmaduke

Hindman's Legion[45]

1st Arkansas Infantry Battalion

3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Dawson's) November 21, 1861 Colonel C. L. Dawson

Lieutenant Colonel Augustus S. Hutchinson

8th/19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Dockery's)April 2, 1862 Colonel Hamilton P. Smead

Colonel Thomas P. Dockery

Colonel William H. Dismukes

Colonel Horatio Gates Perry Williamson[46]

3rd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

19th Arkansas Cavalry[47]

19th and 24th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment February 1863 Colonel Charles L. Dawson,[48][49]

Colonel William R. Hardy,[23][46][48]

Hardy's 19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Dawson's Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Hardy's Arkansas Infantry Regiment

3rd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment April 9, 1862 Colonel George King

Colonel Henry P. Johnson

Colonel James H. Fletcher

Colonel Daniel W. Jones

22nd Arkansas Infantry[50]

41st Arkansas Mounted Infantry[51]

3rd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment May 15, 1862 Colonel Jordan E. Cravens

Colonel William G. Matheny

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment (Trans-Mississippi)
22nd Arkansas Infantry RegimentJuly 11, 1862Colonel Frank Rector

Colonel James P. King [52]

Colonel Henry J. McCord

1st Arkansas Infantry, State Troops,

2nd Regiment, Northwest Division, District of Arkansas

Rector's War Regiment

35th Arkansas Infantry Regiment[53]

23rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment September 10, 1862 Colonel Charles W. Adams

Colonel O. P. Lyles

Colonel Thomas J. Reid, Jr

2nd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment

Lyle's Arkansas Cavalry[54]

24th Arkansas Infantry RegimentJune 6, 1862 Colonel E. E. Portlock [49]

Colonel Augustus S. Hutchenson

Hardy's/Dawson's Infantry Regiment

19th/24th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment

2nd/15th/24th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment

2nd/24th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Consolidated Infantry

25th Arkansas Infantry Regiment June 13, 1862 Colonel Charles J. Turnbull 11th Battalion Arkansas Infantry

30th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (Consolidated)

26th Arkansas Infantry RegimentJuly 23, 1862 Colonel Asa S. Morgan

Colonel Fountain P. Yell

Colonel Iverson L. Brooks[23]

Morgan's Arkansas Infantry Battalion

3rd Trans-Mississippi Regiment[55]

27th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 31, 1862 Colonel James R. Shaler[52]

Colonel Robert G. Shaver[46] Colonel Beal Gaither

Lieutenant Colonel James M. Riggs[23]

None
28th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 19, 1862[56] Colonel Dandridge McRae[52] McRae's Emergency Regiment

2nd Trans-Mississippi Regiment

29th Arkansas Infantry Regiment June 6, 1862 Colonel Joseph C. Pleasants[52] 1st Trans-Mississippi Regiment

37th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

30th Arkansas Infantry RegimentJune 18, 1862Colonel A. J. McNeill[52]

Colonel Robert A. Hart,

Colonel James W. Rogan[23]

Lieutenant Colonel Iverson L. Brooks[47]

5th Trans-Mississippi Regiment

39th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Rogan's Arkansas Cavalry[54][57]

31st Arkansas Infantry Regiment May 27, 1862 Colonel Thomas Hamilton McCray 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (Consolidated)
32nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment August 6, 1862 Colonel Lucian C. Gause[23][46]

Colonel C. H. Matlock[52]

Lieutenant Colonel William Hicks[47]

4th Trans-Mississippi Regiment[58]
33rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 11, 1862 Colonel H.L. Grinstead,[48][52]

Colonel Thomas D. Thomson[23][46]

None
34th Arkansas Infantry Regiment August 16, 1862 Colonel William H. Brooks[23][52] 2nd Regiment, Northwest Division, District of Arkansas[53]
35th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 11, 1862 Colonel Frank Rector

Colonel James P. King

Colonel Henry J. McCord[23]

1st Arkansas Infantry, State Troops,

1st Regiment, Northwest Division, District of Arkansas

Rector's War Regiment[53]

22nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment

36th Arkansas Infantry Regiment July 11, 1862,

Redesignated January 1863

Colonel James M. Davie,[48]

Colonel John E. Glenn[59]

28th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Davie's Arkansas Infantry

37th Arkansas Infantry RegimentJune 6, 1862Joseph C. Pleasants

Colonel Samuel S. Beal[60]

Major T. H. Blacknall[61]

29th Arkansas Infantry Regiment,

1st Trans-Mississippi Infantry Regiment

38th Arkansas Infantry Regiment September 8, 1862 Colonel Robert G. Shaver,[23][46][48][52]

Lieutenant Colonel William C. Adams

Lieutenant Colonel Milton D. Baber,

Major R. R. Henry

Shaver's Infantry Regiment

27th and 38th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry

39th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Cocke's)June 17, 1862 Colonel Albert W. Johnson

Colonel A. T. Hawthorn

Colonel John B. Cocke 

Lieutenant Colonel Cadwallader Polk (acting)[23]

Johnson's Arkansas Infantry Regiment,

Hawthorn's Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Cocke's Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Polk's Arkansas Infantry Regiment

6th Trans-Mississippi Rifle Regiment

40th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)[62] Fall 186315th (Northwest) Arkansas Infantry Regiment[63]

or

19th (Dockery's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment[63]

41st Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Fall 1863Colonel Daniel W. Jones 41st Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Mounted)

20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment[63]

42nd Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)[64] Fall 1863Colonel Oliver P. Lyles[65]42nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Mounted)

23rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Mounted)[63]

23rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[66]

43rd Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Fall 186319th (Dockery's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment[63]

or

15th (Northwest) Arkansas Infantry Regiment[63]

44th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Fall 1863Colonel James H. McGehee[67]

Lieutenant Colonel Jessup Grider[68]

44th Arkansas Mounted Infantry[69]

29th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

McGehee's Arkansas Cavalry

45th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Summer 1864Colonel Milton D. Baber[54]

Colonel James W. Clark[65]

45th Arkansas Mounted Infantry[70]

Shaver's Cavalry[71]

46th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Summer 1864 Colonel John W. Crabtree

Colonel William O. Coleman [54][68]

46th Arkansas Infantry[72]

Crabtree's Arkansas Cavalry[73]

Coleman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

47th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Summer 1864 Colonel Lee Cradall[54]

Lieutenant Colonel Richard M. Davis[65]

47th Arkansas Mounted Infantry[54][74]
48th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)[75] Summer 1864 Unknown 48th Arkansas Infantry[76]

48th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

Infantry Battalions

Infantry battalions were not intended to be standing organizations during the Civil War. The regiment was the standard organization for both the Union and Confederate Armies. Battalions most often came into existence when there were not enough infantry companies present to form a full regiment, as when Dandrige McRea's 3rd Arkansas Infantry Battalion was formed before the battle of Wilson's Creek. Many of these ad hoc organizations, like McRea's, eventually gained enough companies and received recognition as a full regiment. Some battalions were formed by the detachment of several companies from a parent regiment as when several companies were detached from McCraven's 14th Arkansas Infantry and transferred to Kentucky with Brigadier General Hardee in 1861, and were designated the 9th Arkansas Infantry Battalion. A few battalions, like the 12th Arkansas Infantry Battalion, actually saw significant combat as a separate command.

BattalionCommanderAlternate DesignationFinal Designation
1st Arkansas Infantry BattalionLieutenant Colonel John S. Marmaduke 3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment18th (Marmaduke's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment
2nd Arkansas Infantry BattalionMajor William Naylor Bronaughmerged with 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
3rd Arkansas Infantry BattalionLieutenant Colonel Dandridge McRae21st (McCrae's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment15th (Northwest) Arkansas Infantry Regiment
4th Arkansas Infantry BattalionLieutenant Colonel Francis Terry

Major J. A. Ross[20]

merged with 4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
7th Arkansas Infantry BattalionColonel Frank W. Desha[77]merged with the 8th Arkansas Infantry Regiment[78]
8th Arkansas Infantry BattalionMajor John Miller

Lieutenant Colonel Batt L. Jones

Jones' 1st Arkansas Battalion

Miller's 2nd Arkansas Battalion

Consolidated with other units to form the 2nd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment
9th Arkansas Infantry BattalionMajor John H. Kelly14th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (McCarver's)merged with the 8th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
10th Arkansas Infantry BattalionLieutenant Colonel R. Scott [79]
11th Arkansas Infantry BattalionMajor Charles J. Turnbull,25th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
12th Arkansas Infantry Battalion Major C. L. Jackson

Major William Field Rapley

Rapley's Sharpshooters2nd Arkansas Consolidated Infantry Regiment
13th Arkansas Infantry BattalionMajor J.L. Witherspoon[79]16th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
17th Arkansas Infantry BattalionColonel George W. Lemoyne17th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Lemoyne's)Consolidated with the 18th Battalion to form 21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Craven's)
18th Arkansas Infantry BattalionColonel James H. McCarver14th (McCarver's) Arkansas InfantryConsolidated with the 17th Battalion to form 21st Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Craven's)
Williamson's Arkansas Infantry BattalionColonel John L. Williamson21st (McCrae's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment

1st Brook's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

31st Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Chew's Arkansas Infantry BattalionMajor Robert E. ChewChew's Battalion of Sharpshooters Merged with 39th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Crawford's Arkansas Infantry Battalion[49] Lieutenant Colonel William A. Crawford split between 19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Dawson's) and

19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Hardy's)

Whittington's Arkansas Infantry Battalion[80]Lieutenant Colonel T. M. Whittingtoneventually assigned to the 24th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Volunteer Companies

The basic building block of a regiment during the Civil War period was the volunteer company. Many volunteer militia companies were organized under the authority of the Arkansas militia law during 1860 and 1861. Most of the companies raised during this period had their elections certified by the local militia regimental commander and their commissions were issued by the governor as the commander in chief of the State Militia. This practice continued until the fall of 1861. Other volunteer companies were raised directly for Confederate service and were never organized in the state militia. Volunteer companies, whether militia or raised directly for Confederate service were then organized into new volunteer regiments. A regiment required eight to ten companies for organization. If a unit was not able to field enough companies to organize as a regiment, it was often allowed to organize as a separate battalion until enough companies were added to comprise a full regiment. A separate battalion was commanded by a lieutenant colonel. This list includes only those companies with a distinct name.[81] Many volunteer companies were simply designated "Volunteer Infantry Company, Conway County," or Volunteer Cavalry Company, Conway County".[82]

Company NameCommanding OfficerCompanyRegiment
Arkansas GuardsCaptain John C. McCauleyCompany K7th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Arkansas RiflesCaptain Felix R. RobertsonCompany E18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Arkansas ToothpicksCaptain Lucius P. FeatherstonCompany K5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Arkansas ToothpicksCaptain G. A. HaleCompany B12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Arkansas TravellersCaptain William H. TebbsCompany A3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Arkansas TravellersCaptain Robert M. WallaceCompany G9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Ashley Light InfantryCaptain Micajah R. WilsonCompany F8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Ashley RangersCaptain James H. CapersCompany A13th Louisiana Battalion
Ashley VolunteersCaptain Vannoy H. ManningCompany K3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Auburn GraysCaptain Joseph W. BarnettCompany F18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Augusta GuardsCaptain Charles H. MatlockCompany D1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Austin RiflesCaptain Andrew J. GinglesCompany I5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Bayou Metoe Hornetssee Turnbull Guards.
Belle Point GuardsCaptain W. R. HartzigCompany G5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Berlin BeauregardsCaptain James H. CapersCompany B3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Bevering RiflemenCaptain Benjamin F. SweeneyCompany C5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Black River RiflesCaptain Robert C. JonesCompany D8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Blackburn GuardsCaptain Samuel V. ReidCompany H3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Booneville RiflesCaptain William GipsonCompany A2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Border RangersCaptain Dandridge McRaeCompany E6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
Bradley GuardsCaptain John M. BradleyCompany A9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Brierfield RebelsCaptain Archibald J. McNeillCompany D6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
Bright Star RiflesCaptain Josephus C. TisonCompany D4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Brownsville RiflesCaptain Robert S. GanttCompany G5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Burrowville Mountain GuardsCaptain John J. DawsonCompany I3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Caddo RiflesCaptain Francis J. ErwinCompany C4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Calhoun EscopetsCaptain Joseph B. McCullochCompany A4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Calhoun InvinciblesCaptain Oliver H. P. BlackCompany K4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Calhoun Yellow JacketsCaptain Philip H. EcholsCompany B16th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Camden CavalryCaptain Samuel G. Earle Jr.Company G3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Camden KnightsCaptain William L. CrenshawCompany C1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Camden Knights No. 2Captain John L. LoganCompany G11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Cane Hill RiflesCaptain Pleasant W. BuchananCompany D3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Capitol GuardsCaptain Gordon N. PeayCompany A6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Centre GuardsCaptain Isaac. D. Booeunattached.
Chalk Bluff RebelsCaptain William ReedCompany F3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Champagnolle GuardsCaptain Thomas F. NolanCompany E3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Chickasaw GuardsCaptain George A. AtkinsCompany C12th Arkansas Battalion.
Chicot RangersCaptain Daniel H. ReynoldsCompany A1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Chicot RebelsCaptain James D. ImbodenCompany B8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Choctaw RiflesCaptain Richard S. FearsCompany C10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
City GuardsCaptain Richard LyonCompany H6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Clan McGregorCaptain Donelson McGregorCompany D1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Clark County VolunteersCaptain Charles S. StarkCompany B1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Clark RiflesCaptain Newton S. LoveCompany A8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Clear Lake Independent GuardsCaptain Bartley M. Barnesunattached.
Columbia GuardsCaptain Dawson L. KillgoreCompany G6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Colville GuardsCaptain James M. RichardsCompany G15th (Northwest) Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Confederate GraysCaptain Simon B. ThomassonCompany B29th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Confederate GuardsCaptain John A. RowlesCompany E4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Confederate StarsCaptain Thomas M. WhittingtonCompany C3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Conway InvinciblesCaptain Edwin L. VaughanCompany E10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Conway TigersCaptain John W. DuncanCompany I10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Corley's SpiesCaptain Samuel CorleyCompany A1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Cotton Plant GuardsCaptain Charles F. LynchCompany G18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Crawford ArtilleryCaptain James T. StewartCompany F3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Crawford County RangersCaptain Thomas B. BrantleyCompany C1st Arkansas Cavalry Battalion (Stirman's).
Crawford GuardsCaptain Joel H. FosterCompany K3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Crittenden RangersCaptain R. T. RedmanCompany C6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
Crockett RiflesCaptain Robert H. CrockettCompany H1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Cut-Off GuardsCaptain William H. IsomCompany B19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Dallas Volunteer RiflesCaptain Feaster J. CameronCompany C6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Danley's RangersCaptain Benjamin F. DanleyCompany D3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Davis BluesCaptain Joseph L. NealCompany F5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Davis Light HorseCaptain William H. BrooksCompany E1st Arkansas Battalion.
Des Arc RangersCaptain John S. PearsonCompany B1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Des Arc RegularsCaptain Felix G. Gleavesunattached.
Desha RangersCaptain William S. Malcombunattached.
DeWitt GuardsCaptain James M. BoswellCompany K1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Dixie GraysCaptain Samuel G. SmithCompany E6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Dixie GuardsCaptain William C. HaislipCompany F9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Drew County GraysCaptain William D. TrotterCompany E24th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Drew Light HorseCaptain Henry S. HudspethCompany B6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
El Dorado SentinelsCaptain Asa S. MorganCompany A1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Erin GuardCaptain George B. HuntCompany K113th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Ettomon GuardsCaptain William H. MartinCompany F1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Fagan GuardsCaptain William N. BronaughCompany B2nd Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Fagan RiflesCaptain John R. LacyCompany C2nd Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Fairplay RiflesCaptain Augustus A. CrawfordCompany D11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Falcon GuardsCaptain Jackson C. C. MossCompany E11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Fletcher RiflesCaptain Elliot H. Fletcher Jr.Company C3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Fort Smith GraysCaptain CabellCompany D4th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Fort Smith RiflesCaptain James H. SparksCompany A3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Frontier GuardsCaptain Hugh T. BrownCompany G3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Galla RangersCaptain Benjamin T. EmbryCompany B2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Glaize RiflesCaptain George E. OrmeCompany B7th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Greene County RoughsCaptain Guy S. MurrayCompany E8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Greene County VolunteersCaptain James C. Anderson1st Arkansas 30-Day Volunteers Regiment
Hardee GuardsCaptain James T. ArmstrongCompany H9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Harris GuardsCaptain James T. HarrisCompany A15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Hempstead CavalryCaptain George E. GambleCompany H2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Hempstead HornetsCaptain Rufus K. GarlandCompany B4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Hempstead LegionCaptain Daniel W. WebsterCompany A20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Hempstead Plough BoysCaptain Jefferson CottinghamCompany E20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Hempstead RiflesCaptain John R. GratiotCompany A3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Hempstead Rifles No. 2Captain Benjamin P. Jett, Jr.Company H17th (Griffith's) Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Henry HornetsCaptain Philip G. HenryCompany C9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
High's RepellersCaptain William T. HighCompany B2nd Arkansas 30-Day Volunteers Regiment
Hindman GuardsCaptain Henry B. BlakemoreCompany G15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Holly Springs TargeteersCaptain Ezekiel P. ChandlerCompany D12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Hot Spring HornetsCaptain Daniel A. NewmanCompany F3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Hot Springs CavalryCaptain Joseph JesterCompany F3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Hot Springs InfantryCaptain Joseph A. GregoryCompany A2nd Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Hot Springs RiflesCaptain Edwin C. JonesCompany E12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Independence GuardsCaptain Justus F. TracyCompany E8th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Independence RiflesCaptain William E. GibbsCompany K1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Independent BluesCaptain J. E. Hornerunattached.
Independent Light Horse GuardsCaptain Powhatan PerkinsCompany D1st Cavalry Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Invincible GuardsCaptain Thomas P. DockeryCompany A5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Izard VolunteersCaptain William S. LindseyCompany A14th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (McCarver's)
Jackson AidsCaptain William P. RaglandCompany A6th Arkansas Battalion.
Jackson GuardsCaptain Alexander C. PickettCompany G1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Jackson GuardsCaptain Wiley M. MitchellCompany G33rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Jackson Minute-MenCaptain William J. WyattCompany F12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Jefferson GuardsCaptain Charles H. CarltonCompany B15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Jefferson Minute-MenCaptain James C. ThompsonCompany A18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Jefferson RiflesCaptain David W. CarrollCompany K18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Jo. Wright GuardsCaptain Hampton B. FancherCompany H4th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Johnson GuardsCaptain Alfred D. KingCompany H3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Johnson RiflesCaptain Oliver BashamCompany C1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
L'Anguille RebelsCaptain Lemuel O. BridewellCompany A2nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
La Grange GuardsCaptain Daniel C. GovanCompany F2nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Lady Davis GuardsCaptain Andrew J. GriffinCompany B26th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Lafayette GuardsCaptain Samuel H. DillCompany F6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Lawrence County RiflesCaptain Zachariah P. McAlexanderCompany E1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Lawrence Dead-Shotssee Lawrence Sharp-Shooters.
Lawrence Sharp-ShootersCaptain Joseph C. HolmesCompany G8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Linden Dead-ShotsCaptain Poindexter DunnCompany E3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Lisbon InvinciblesCaptain Samuel T. TurnerCompany I6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Little Rock GraysCaptain James B. JohnsonCompany A3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
McCown GuardsCaptain D. Whit Harrisunattached.
McCulloch AvengersCaptain Henry P. PostonCompany B20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
McCulloch GuardsCaptain George W. BayneCompany I9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
McCulloch RangersCaptain Robert W. HarperCompany I1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
McKeever GuardsCaptain Thomas J. PayneCompany B4th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Macon CavalryCaptain Thomas M. CochranCompany F6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
Magruder GuardsCaptain Frederick W. HoadleyCompany D4th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Monroe BluesCaptain Gaston W. BaldwinCompany K15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Montgomery HuntersCaptain John M. SimpsonCompany F4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Monticello Cavalrysee Jackson Aids.
Monticello GuardsCaptain James A. JacksonCompany I1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Monticello Home GuardCaptain John S. Handleyunattached.
Muddy Bayou HeroesCaptain Zachariah B. JenningsCompany F10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Napoleon GraysCaptain Henry E. GreenCompany E15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Napoleon RiflesCaptain John L. PorterCompany G1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
North Fork RangersCaptain William N. ParishCompany H18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Osceola HornetsCaptain Charles BowenCompany G2nd Confederate Infantry.
Ouachita CavalryCaptain James M. GeeCompany H3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Ouachita GraysCaptain Hope T. HodnettCompany K6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Ouachita RiflesCaptain Samuel H. SoutherlandCompany I18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Ouachita VoltigeursCaptain Charles A. BridewellCompany D6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Pat. Cleburne GuardsCaptain Washington L. MartinCompany B2nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Perry County MountaineersCaptain William WilsonCompany H10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Peyton RiflesCaptain Daniel W. RingoBorland's Battalion.
Phillips GuardsCaptain William S. OteyCompany H15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Pike County BluesCaptain James F. BlackCompany G4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Pike County RangersCaptain William J. KellyCompany H16th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Pike GuardsCaptain Samuel R. BellCompany C3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Pike GuardsCaptain John H. DyeCompany E7th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Pine Bluff ArtilleryCaptain Frederick P. SteckCompany G3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Pine Bluff RebelsCaptain Read FletcherCompany D18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Polk County InvinciblesCaptain William H. EarpCompany H4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Polk RiflesCaptain James B. WilliamsonCompany I4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Pope Walker GuardsCaptain Charles A. CarrollCompany A1st Cavalry Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Prairie County AvengersCaptain M. C. PeelCompany C18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Princeton Light HorseCaptain William T. M. HolmesCompany A3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Princeton RiflesCaptain Israel N. McClendonCompany B18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Carroll's)
Pulaski LancersCaptain Thomas J. ChurchillBorland's Battalion.
Pulaski RangersCaptain Thomas J. ChurchillCompany F1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Quitman RiflesCaptain Allen R. WittCompany A10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Quitman Sharp-ShootersCaptain Jesse E. MartinCompany B31st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Ready RiflesCaptain James B. VenableCompany B10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Rector GuardsCaptain George W. GlennCompany D15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Rector GuardsCaptain Ira G. RobertsonCompany K3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Red River RiflesCaptain Thomas G. MerrickCompany G10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Richland RangersCaptain John C. JohnsonCompany B113th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Rough and Ready GuardsCaptain George W. KingBorland's Battalion.
Rough and Ready RiflemenCaptain John C. DouglasCompany B11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Rust GuardsCaptain Joseph H. BellCompany L3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Saline AvengersCaptain Lewis F. MauneyCompany F11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Saline GuardsCaptain James F. FaganCompany E1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Saline Rifle RangersCaptain Mazarine J. HendersonCompany C3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Saline TornadoesCaptain McDuff VanceCompany A11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Scott County CavalryCaptain George W. FeatherstonCompany H1st Cavalry Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Sebastian County CavalryCaptain Thomas LewisCompany B1st Cavalry Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Selma RiflesCaptain Robert S. TaylorCompany D3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Sevier County StarsCaptain John G. McKeanCompany H5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Sevier RiflesCaptain Henry K. BrownCompany G2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Shamrock GuardsCaptain John H. CrumpCompany D3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Southern DefendersCaptain Edward W. GanttCompany K12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Southern Flag CompanyCaptain John S. WalkerCompany G12th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Springfield Sharp-ShootersCaptain Samuel S. FordCompany K10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Swamp RangersCaptain Henry V. KeepCompany H3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment
Three Creeks RiflesCaptain John W. ReedyCompany G3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Toombs Riflessee Little Rock Grays.
Totten GuardsCaptain Augustus M. ReinhardtCompany C25th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Trenton GuardsCaptain James W. ScaifeCompany E2nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Tulip RiflesCaptain George D. AlexanderCompany I3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Turnbull GuardsCaptain Thomas F. MurffCompany A4th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Tyronza RebelsCaptain Robert L. HardingCompany I15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Van Dorn Cavalry[83]Captain Richard HookerCompany C and D32nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Walker GraysCaptain Lawrence R. FriskCompany B5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
West Point RiflesCaptain A. T. JonesCompany F8th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
White County VolunteersCaptain John A. PembertonCompany D10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Windsor GuardsCaptain William J. SmithCompany F29th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Wood's RiflesCaptain Joel G. WoodCompany E8th Arkansas Infantry Battalion
Worsham AvengersCaptain James G. JohnsonCompany C20th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Yell BluesCaptain Cornelius S. LawrenceCompany D5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Yell County RiflesCaptain Thomas J. DanielCompany H1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Yell GuardsCaptain Francis M. McNallyCompany C15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Yell RiflesCaptain Patrick R. CleburneCompany F15th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Josey's)
Young GuardCaptain John F. CameronCompany B3rd Confederate Infantry Regiment

Cavalry

Arkansas mounted units consisted of three types, Cavalry, Mounted Infantry, and Partisan Rangers. Cavalry forces fought principally on horseback, armed with carbines, pistols, and especially sabers. Only a small percentage of Arkansas mounted forces met this definition.[84] Some Arkansas Confederate regiments carried shotguns, especially early in the war. Due to a lack of appropriate weapons and training in actual cavalry tactics, most Arkansas horsesoldiers were actually Mounted Infantry. Mounted Infantry moved on horseback but dismounted for fighting on foot, armed principally with rifles. In the second half of the war, most of the units considered to be cavalry actually fought battles using the tactics of mounted infantry. Irregular forces (partisan rangers or guerrillas) were generally mounted forces. There is little commonality as to their weaponsin general, any available were used.[84]

While the concept of a mounted infantry force able to move quickly from point to point and fight as infantry seemed appealing, especially to new recruits, it proved to come at significant costs. Logistically a mounted force was much more costly to sustain and the units themselves tended to be less effective in the actual war effort than standard infantry formations.[85]

Due to severe drought in Arkansas in 1862 and 1863, forage for horses became increasing scares and led to calls from multiple Confederate commanders to dismount the mounted units. Multiple Confederate commanders lamented the fact that the country had been "eaten out" by cavalry. General Hindman at one point stated:

cavalry duty could be performed by the independent companies of the Provost Marshall just as well and cheaper than the worthless, marauding, eating hordes of cavalry wandering the area.[85]

Mounted infantry, while theoretically more maneuverable, were in practice less disciplined and less reliable than the standard infantry formation. Confederate commanders, especially in the Department of the Trans-Mississippi regularly bemoaned the fact that most recruits wanted to "jine the cavalry" as opposed to infantry.[86] Confederate commanders often suggested dismounting cavalry and mounted infantry units in order to man infantry units and this happened to several Arkansas units that served in the Army of Tennessee.[85]

I respectfully request that the department commander refuse all further recruiting for cavalry at once. So long as it is permitted it will be impossible to raise an infantry force which is so much needed now and the present cavalry force is more than ample to eat out all the forage of the country I should be pleased to have a cavalry regiment if it could be obtained but I have seen none throughout the war -I have not seen a cavalry officer who was a sufficient swordsmen to unfix a bayonet nor a single private who could go thru the manual of the saber nor have I seen on this side of the Mississippi 20 privates who were armed with the saber. Very few have carbines or saddle holsters for pistols and still less with the necessary dragoon equipments. If the C.S.A. is unable to furnish cavalry armed educated and equipped as above I am strongly of the opinion that all with shotguns and rifles in their hands should be dismounted excepting enough for scout and picket duty and put the remainder in the line as infantry. ...[87]

The continued organization of more and more mounted units, and the retention of so many others, in the Department of the Trans-Mississippi seem to defy prevailing military wisdom. The last standard infantry regiment formed in Arkansas during the war was the 39th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, formed in 1862. After 1862 all new organizations were mounted infantry.[85]

List of Cavalry Regiments

Cavalry regiments were organized from companies (also called, "troops") authorized at up to 100 men, ten companies made up a regiment. Two or more companies might be organized into a battalion (also called a "squadron").

RegimentOrganization DateCommandersAlternated designations
1st Arkansas Mounted RiflesJune 16, 1861Colonel Thomas J. Churchill

Colonel Daniel H. Reynolds

Colonel Robert W. Harper[30]

1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (Consolidated)
1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (Consolidated)[88] April 9, 1865 Colonel Henry G. Bunn 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles

2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles

4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

4th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

31st Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

9th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

25th Arkansas Infantry Regiment.

1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Crawford's)[89] December 30, 1863 Colonel William A. Crawford[46] 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

Crawford's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[90]

1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Dobbin's)Spring 1863Colonel Archibald S. Dobbins

Major Samuel Corley

Dobbins's Brigade

Chrisman's Cavalry Battalion[49]

2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Slemons's) May 15, 1862 Colonel William Ferguson Slemons[46][91]

Lt. Col T. W. Jackman[68]

2nd Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

4th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

18th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Morgan's)[23][46][91] December 24, 1863 Colonel Thomas J. Morgan 5th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

Newton's Regiment Arkansas Cavalry,

Morgan's Regiment Arkansas Cavalry,

2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment,

8th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment,

2nd Arkansas Mounted RiflesJuly 29, 1861 Colonel James M. McIntosh

Colonel Benjamin T. Embry

Colonel Harris Flanagin

Lieutenant Colonel James A. Williamson[30]

1st Consolidated Mounted Rifles
3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment June 10, 1861 (State Service)

July 29, 1863 (Confederate Service)

Colonel Solon Borland

Colonel Samuel G. Earle

Colonel Anson W. Hobson

Lieutenant Colonel M. J. Henderson.[92]

1st Arkansas Cavalry Battalion
4th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentDecember 15, 1863 Colonel Anderson Gordon[46]

Colonel Charles A. Carroll[93]

Colonel Lee L. Thomson

Gordon's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[90]

2nd (Gordon's) Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

9th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

11th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Carrolls)

5th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment April 1863 Colonel Robert C. Newton 2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Morgan's)
6th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[23] September 1862 Colonel James F. Fagan

Colonel James C. Monroe[49][91]

1st Trans-Mississippi Cavalry Regiment

Fagan's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

Monroe's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

7th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentJuly 25, 1863 Colonel John F. Hill Hill's Cavalry Battalion

Hill's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[90]

8th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentDecember 24, 1863Colonel Thomas J. Morgan Newton's Regiment Arkansas Cavalry,

Morgan's Regiment Arkansas Cavalry,

2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment;

5th Regiment Arkansas Cavalry.

9th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentDecember 15, 1863Colonel Anderson Gordon4th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's)Summer 1864Colonel Allen R. Witt10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's)October 31, 1864Colonel Robert C. Newton3rd Regiment of Arkansas State Cavalry
11th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[94][95] 1864 Colonel John L. Logan[96]11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment

Logan's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[95]

11th and 17th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment

12th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentFebruary 15, 1864Colonel John C. Wright2nd Cavalry Battalion, Arkansas State Troops

Wright's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[90]

13th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[97] UnknownColonel James J. ClarksonClarkson's Battalion Confederate Cavalry (Independent Rangers)
16th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[41] December 4, 1861 Colonel John F. Hill

Colonel David Provence

16th Arkansas Infantry Regiment[40]
17th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[41] Colonel John L. Logan

Colonel John Griffith

11th and 17th Consolidated Arkansas Infantry Regiment
23rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[66] Summer 1864Colonel Oliver P. Lyles[65] 42nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Mounted)

23rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Mounted)[63]

44th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)Summer 1864Colonel James H. McGehee[67]

Lieutenant Colonel Jessup Grider[68]

29th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[69]

McGehee's Arkansas Cavalry

45th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentSummer 1864Colonel Milton D. Baber

Colonel James W. Clark[65]

45th Arkansas Mounted Infantry[70][91]

Shaver's Cavalry[71]

46th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment Summer 1864 Colonel Crabtree

Colonel W. O. Coleman [68]

46th Arkansas Infantry[72]

Crabtree's Arkansas Cavalry[73]

Coleman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

47th Arkansas Cavalry RegimentSummer 1864 Colonel Lee Cradall[91]

Lieutenant Colonel Richard M. Davis[65]

47th Arkansas Mounted Infantry[74]
48th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[75] Summer 1864 Unknown 48th Arkansas Infantry[76]

48th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment

Brandenburch's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[98] 1862Captain Solomon I. BrandenburgBrandenburch's Company[99]
Carlton's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[100] Colonel Charles H. Carlton

Lieutenant Colonel R. H. Thompson

Carlton's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion [101]

28th Arkansas Cavalry[102]

List of Cavalry Battalions

BattalionOrganization DateCommandersAlternated designations
1st Arkansas Cavalry Battalion (Borlands)[103] April 1861Colonel Solon Borland3rd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
1st Arkansas Cavalry Battalion (Stirman's)1861Major William H. Brooks

Colonel Erasmus J. Stirman[104]

1st Arkansas Cavalry Battalion (Brooks')

1st (Stirman's) Battalion Sharpshooters

Stirman's Regiment of Sharpshooters

1st Battalion, Arkansas Reserve Cavalry[105]1864Lieut. Col. Henry D. FlippinFlippin's Battalion of "Home Guards",

Flippin's battalion

2nd Arkansas Cavalry BattalionApril 1862Major William D. Barnett[106]2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Slemons's)
3rd Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[107] April 20, 1864 Lieutenant Colonel Thomas M. Gunter[67] Gunther's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[46][90]
6th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[108]August 1861Major Charles W. Phifer1st Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

Phifer's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

White's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

McNeill's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

13th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[109]August 1, 1862James McCarney O'Neill6th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
15th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[110]September 20, 1863Lieutenant Colonel Michael W. Buster Buster's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

Clarkson's Cavalry Battalion, Independent Rangers [111]

16th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion1864Major James L. WitherspoonWitherspoon's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[67]

13th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

17th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion March 17, 1863 Lieutenant Colonel John M. HarrellHarrell's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[90][112]

Harrell's Battalion Arkansas State Troops[113]

Crawford's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[114]

18th Arkansas Cavalry BattalionSeptember 1864Lieutenant Colonel Elisha Lawley McMurtrey[113]

[115]

2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Slemons's)

McMurtrey's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[90][116]

Anderson's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionSeptember 18, 1864Captain William L. Anderson [67]
Chrisman's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[49] September 28, 1862 Major Francis M. Chrisman 1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Dobbin's)
Crawford's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionMarch 1863Major William A. Crawford[117] 17th Arkansas Cavalry Battalion.
Davies' Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[118]1864Lieutenant Colonel J. F. Davies14th Missouri Cavalry Battalion

7th Missouri Cavalry Regiment

Ford's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionAugust 27, 1864.[119]Lieutenant Colonel Barney Ford[67]Ford's Missouri Battalion
Gipson's Mounted Rifles Battalion[120]July 1862Major William GipsonGipson's Cavalry Regiment Mounted Rifles
Hill's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionApril 1863Colonel John F. Hill[67]7th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[121]
Nave's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[122]April 1865Major R. H. Nave
Poe's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[123]December 1863Major J. T. Poe[113]11th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Rogan's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionSummer of 1862Colonel James W. Rogan[67]30th Arkansas Infantry Regiment Mounted
Thompson's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionColonel Lee L. ThompsonThompson's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[124]

Carroll's Arkansas Cavalry [125]

Woosley's Arkansas Cavalry BattalionSpring 1864James WoosleyGunther's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion

Orphan Arkansas cavalry units listed on the National Park Service Soldiers and Sailor System

The Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System is a computerized database containing very basic facts about servicemen who served on both sides during the Civil War. The system contains names and other basic information from 6.3 million soldier records in the National Archives. The facts about the soldiers are indexed to many millions of other documents about Union and Confederate Civil War soldiers maintained by the National Archives and Records Administration. The information includes: histories of regiments in both the Union and Confederate Armies, links to descriptions of significant battles of the war, and other historical information. The site currently includes regimental histories of units from 44 states and territories. Joseph Crute's Units of the Confederate Army is the primary source for Confederate unit histories on the site.[126] Because the list of units was compiled over thirty years after the war, from very fragmentary records collected by the United States War Department, some units are misidentified, some being listed as regiments that may in fact have only been a company, such as Brandenburch's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment,[99] which in fact was actually composed of one independent cavalry company surrendered at the battle of Arkansas Post. Several Missouri units are misidentified as Arkansas Confederate units, such as "Coffee's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment", which is actually the 6th Missouri Cavalry.[127] The site contains several alleged Arkansas Confederate units for which no other information exists other than short list of names, probably developed from prisoner of war rosters. Most of these units have less than six identified unit members. Several have only one identified unit member. The following units have no published history and may not have actually been Arkansas Confederate units:

RegimentOrganization DateCommandersAlternated designations
Armstrong's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[128] Possibly 1860[129]Possibly Captain Lynas ArmstrongPossibly Company C, 1st Cavalry Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Dan's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[130] UnknownUnknown
Fitzhugh's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[131] UnknownUnknown
Hindman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[132] UnknownUnknown
Leve's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[133] UnknownUnknown
Rutherford's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[134] July 1862[135]Possibly Captain George B. RutherfordPossibly Company D, 1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Dobbin's)
Pall's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion[136] UnknownUnknown
Weber's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[137] UnknownPossibly Captain A. V. WeberPossibly Company A, Carlton's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[138]

Artillery

Most artillery units seem to have begun the war named for the city or county that sponsored its organization. In the Official Records, artillery units are most often referred to by the name of their battery commander. During the war, some effort was made to organize artillery units into battalions and regiments, but the units almost never functioned above the battery level, and were often broken out and fought as single gun sections. For these reasons the Arkansas artillery organizations are listed by several names. The Arkansas batteries which served primarily in the Confederate Army of Tennessee or Army of Mississippi, (east of the Mississippi River) were "officially" designated as "_st Arkansas Light Artillery". On November 19, 1864, General E. Kirby Smith, commanding the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department, issued Special Orders No. 290, organizing the artillery of the department into battalions, and listing the various batteries as "_st Arkansas Field Battery". The component batteries rarely, if ever, operated together. They were usually assigned individually to an infantry or cavalry brigade.[139]

Final DesignationOrganization DateCommander'sAlternate Designation
1st Arkansas Light Artillery April 1861 (First Organization)

October 1861 (Second Organization)

Captain John G. Reid

Captain David Provence

Captain John T. Humphreys[30]

Captain John W. Rivers[140]

Fort Smith Artillery[141]

Reid's Battery

Rivers' Battery

Provence's Battery,

Humphreys' Battery[142]

2nd Arkansas Light Artillery[142] July 15, 1861 Captain Franklin Roberts

Captain Jannedine H. Wiggins[30]

Clark County Artillery[143]

Arkansas Horse Artillery

Wiggins' Battery[144]

Company E, 14th Georgia Artillery Battalion

3rd Arkansas Light Artillery[142]State Service, June 15, 1861

Confederate Service, July 25, 1861

Captain James G. Thrall

Captain George W. McCown

Captain George T. Hubbard[145]

Jackson Light Artillery

Thrall's Battery

McCown's Battery

Arkansas Rats

1st Arkansas Field Battery[146] April 1861 Captain James J. Gaines[147]

Captain Francis M. McNally

John D. Adams Artillery

Adams Artillery.

Gaines' Arkansas Battery

McNally's Arkansas Battery

2nd Arkansas Field Battery[148]August 1, 1861 Captain William Hart

Captain Francis McNally

McNally's Battery[90]

Dallas Artillery,

Hart's Battery [49]

3rd Arkansas Field Battery[149] December 1860, State Militia

December 27, 1861, Reorganized

Captain Robert C. Newton

Captain William E. Woodruff, Jr.[52]

Captain John G. Marshall[146]

Pulaski Light Artillery,

Weaver Light Artillery

Marshall's Battery[90]

4th Arkansas Field Battery[150] Spring 1862 Captain Henry C. West Desha County Artillery,

West's Battery[52][146][151]

5th Arkansas Field Battery[150]April 1862Captain William C. Bryan

Captain William Hogg

Captain Christopher Columbus Scott[146]

Appeal Battery[90]

Memphis Appeal Battery

6th Arkansas Field Battery[152] June 14, 1862 Captain Chambers B. Etter Washington Artillery,

Etter's Battery[52][90]

7th Arkansas Field Battery[153]August 6, 1862 Captain William D. Blocher

Captain J. V. Zimmerman[146]

Blocher's Battery[52]

Zimmerman's Battery[90]

8th Arkansas Field Battery[153] March 1863 Captain William M. Hughey[146] Hughey's Battery[90]
9th Arkansas Field Battery September 20, 1863[154] Captain John T. Trigg Trigg's Battery
Company H, 1st Tennessee Heavy Artillery(1st Organization)[155]December 1861[156] Captain Frederick William Hoadley[145]

Captain William Pratt Parks

"Magruder Guards",

Company D, 4th Arkansas Infantry Battalion[142]

Company B, 1st Tennessee Heavy Artillery (2nd Organization)[155]

Arkansas Artillery[157]

Company B, 1st Tennessee Heavy Artillery (1st Organization) December 6, 1861 Captain D. Whit Harris

Captain Paul Thomas Dismukes

"McCown Guards" [142]

Company A, 1st Tennessee Light Artillery(2nd Organization)[155]

Brown's Arkansas BatterySummer 1864Captain Louis W. BrownNewton Artillery
Crawford Artillery[158]April 1861Captain James T. StewartCompany F, 3rd Regiment, Arkansas State Troops
Helena Artillery[141]April 29, 1861, State Service

July 6, 1861, Confederate Service

Captain A. W. Clarkson

Captain John H. Calvert

Captain Thomas J. Key[20]

Clarkson's Battery,

Key's Battery

Company C, 20th Alabama Light Artillery Battalion

Company H, 28th Georgia Artillery Battalion

Monticello ArtilleryFebruary 8, 1862Captain James A. Owens

Captain W. C. Howell

Drew Light Artillery,

Owen's Battery

Pine Bluff ArtilleryApril 21, 1861, State Militia[159]Captain Frederick P. SteckSteck's Battery

Company G, 18th Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Marmaduke's)[160]

Ried's Arkansas BatterySummer 1862Captain John G. ReidReid's Battery,
Shoup's Mountain Battery November 1862 Captain James C. Shoup Shoup's (Arkansas) Battery
Trigg's Arkansas Battery July 1861 Captain John T. Trigg

Captain Thomas M. Austin

Trigg's Battery[90]

Company B, Shoup's Battalion

Austin Artillery [146]

Arkansas soldiers in Confederate units of other States

In addition to serving in Confederate units organized in Arkansas, many Arkansas soldiers would serve in Confederate units organized by other states. Because Missouri Confederate troops were effectively driven out of the geographic area of Missouri after the Pea Ridge Campaign, except during raids by Generals Marmaduke, Shelby and Price, many of the Missouri units recruited heavily in Arkansas. This practice led some Missouri units to be mislabeled as Arkansas Units, and some Arkansas units being mislabeled as Missouri units. Troops living near the borders with other states often enlisted in the nearest unit, even if across the state line, resulting in Arkansas soldiers enlisting in units from Missouri, Louisiana and Tennessee. Some Arkansas soldiers were also detailed to help bring Texas units up to strength. The following is a list of units from other Confederate States that contained large numbers of Arkansas soldiers:

RegimentOrganization DateCommandersAlternated designations
Company A, 13th Battalion Louisiana Partisan Rangers [161] July 11, 1862Capt. James H. Capers Company I, 2nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Slemons')
1st Battalion, Trans-Mississippi Confederate Cavalry[162] March 18, 1864Maj. Thompson J. Bird Ark. & La. Batt. of Wounded Cadets

1st Battalion, Arkansas and Louisiana Cavalry

Coffee's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[163] Colonel John T. Coffee

Colonel Gideon W. Thompson

Colonel Moses W. Smith

6th Missouri Cavalry[164]

11th Missouri Cavalry

Freeman's Missouri Cavalry Regiment[165]January 16, 1864Colonel Thomas R. Freeman

Major Martin V. Shaver

Fristoe's Missouri Cavalry Regiment [166]July 1864Colonel Edward T. Fristoe
Jackman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[167] Spring 1864Colonel Sidney D. Jackman[168]Nichols' Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[169]

Jackman's Missouri Cavalry

Kitchen's Missouri Cavalry Regiment[170]April 9, 1863[171]Colonel Solomon George Kitchen 10th Missouri Cavalry

7th Missouri Cavalry Regiment

Kitchen's Battalion Missouri Cavalry

Nichols' Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[172]Spring 1864Colonel Charles H. NicholsJackman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[169]
Sander's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[173] September 15, 1862Edward I. SandersSanders Battalion Arkansas Cavalry[174]

17th Battalion Tennessee Cavalry

Sanders' Battalion of Partisan Rangers

Schnabel's Missouri Battalion Cavalry[175] Lieutenant Colonel John A. Schnabel
9th Texas Field Battery[176]June 4, 1862Captain James M. DanielLamar Artillery

Home Guard

The Arkansas Secession Convention enacted an ordinance on May 30, 1861, authorizing the county courts in each county of the state to appoint a "home guard of minute-men" for a term of service of three months, to include at least ten men in each township. The duty of the home guards was "to see that all slaves are disarmed, to prevent the assemblage of slaves in unusual numbers, to keep the slave population in proper subjugation, and to see that peace and order are observed."[177]

The main reason for the creation of the home guard was to control the excesses of so-called "Vigilance Committees" which had been organized in various parts of the State from about 1859 to 1861 in response to hysterical (and unfounded) rumors of nefarious abolitionist plots and secret underground organizations. There are many lurid stories of assaults and murders attributed to these vigilantes. The home guard was intended to provide a military-style, regulated, accountable organization to keep an eye on the slave population and the activities of suspected abolitionists and Union sympathizers. An ancillary duty of the home guard was to support the Army of Arkansas when called upon to do so.[177]

The records of some of the 1861 home guard companies can be found in County Court records. Unfortunately, the looting and destruction of county court-houses in many parts of the State during the war resulted in the loss of most of the records. The records that still exist consist mainly of lists of appointments (or election in some cases) of home guard members, as well as officer lists.[177]

The term "home guard" was, and continues to be, misused and misunderstood. Legally, the term is not synonymous with "militia," though the two terms were often loosely used interchangeably. Additionally, there is a clear, but not generally understood, distinction between the home guard of 1861 and the home guard of the latter part of the war. The 1861 home guard was strictly an Arkansas show, a creation of the Secession Convention. A new generation of home guards came on line in Arkansas in 1863, pursuant to an Act of the Congress of the Confederate States adopted on October 13, 1862. Alternately referred to as "home guard" or "local defense" companies, these organizations were less concerned with civil order than with military duties. They functioned as a sort of military reserve, military police, and scouts. One of their less popular duties was the enforcement of the Conscription Law. An 1863 letter mentions the Drew County Home Guard using hounds to run down "draft-dodgers".[177]

The later home guards were normally enlisted for a period of twelve months, and were subject to the orders of the governor. As a matter of interest, here is the oath sworn to by the Ashley County Home Guard when they were enlisted on November 4, 1863, at Hamburg. The following was transcribed from the original manuscript held by the Arkansas History Commission, with the original spelling and punctuation intact:[177]

I hereby certify that the members of Capt. B. Tiners company did on the day of there Inlistment appear before Col. Hatthorne and subscribed to the following oath (viz) You do solumly sware that you will bear true allegian to the State of Arkansas and that you will honestly and faithfully defend her from invasion and from all her enemies or apposers whatever, as far as in you power and that you will obey all orders from the Governor of the State of Arkansas as well as from the President of the Confederate States of America and that you will obey all the officers placed over you by them for the space of twelve months from the day of your inlistment or of being received into the service of the State so help you God.[177]

See also

References

  1. Arkansas Militia in the Civil War
  2. Arkansas Public Documents: 1854-60]. 1854.
  3. Huff, COL Leo E., The Military Board in Confederate Arkansas, Arkansas Historical Quarterly, Page 76
  4. Howerton, Bryan, "The 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment(s)", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted, February 6, 2007, 5:21 pm, Accessed August 3, 2011, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?noframes;read=14621
  5. Publications. The Association. 1908.
  6. Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1898.
  7. Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1898.
  8. Publications. The Association. 1908.
  9. Wallis, W.M., "Colonel R.C. Newton's 10th Arkansas Cavalry", Hope, Arkansas, October 17, 1912, Posted on Rootsweb, and Ancestry.com Community, Accessed May 12, 2011, http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~arcivwar/10arcav.htm
  10. THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, THE OFFICIAL RECORD OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES, SERIES I—VOLUME LIU, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 1898, Page 1019, Accessed May 11, 2011, https://books.google.com/books?id=XpM3AQAAIAAJ&dq=Robert+C.+Newton+Gordon+Peay+Arkansas+Official+records&pg=PA1019
  11. Reynolds, John H., "Official Orders of Governor Harris Flanagin", by Publications of the Arkansas Historical Association, Volume 2, Arkansas Historical Association, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 1908, Page 421, Accessed May 11, 2011, https://books.google.com/books?id=RTw7AAAAIAAJ&q=newton&pg=PA421
  12. Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Page, "The Hempstead Rifles", Arkansas State Troops, Accessed January 10, 2010, "Hemprifl". Archived from the original on September 23, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2010.
  13. Hempstead, Fay, "A Pictorial History of Arkansas" St. Louis and New York, N. D. Thompson publishing company, 1890, Call number: 9197481, Page 432, Accessed October 31, 2011, https://archive.org/stream/pictorialhistory00hemp#page/406/mode/2up
  14. 150 Years Ago Today, William M. Bruce, Arkadelphia, Arkansas, to Governor Henry M. Rector, Kie Oldham papers, Arkansas History Commission, Accessed August 16, 2013, http://www.ark-ives.com/doc-a-day/?date=3/29/2011
  15. Howerton, Bryan, "15th Arkansas Regiment, No. 2", The Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted February 8, 2007, Accessed May 23, 2011, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?noframes;read=14677
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