List of equipment of the Somali Armed Forces

The following is a list of active equipment of the Somali Armed Forces. Retired equipment is listed at the bottom.

Small arms
Name Image Caliber Type Origin Notes
Pistols
Makarov PM[1] 9×18mm Semi-automatic pistol  Soviet Union
Submachine guns
Uzi[1] 9×19mm Submachine gun  Israel
Rifles
AKM[2] 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Soviet Union
AK-74 5.45×39mm Assault rifle  Soviet Union Used by National Intelligence and Security Agency special forces Gaashaan and Waran.[3] and Danab commandos.[4]
AK-74M 5.45×39mm Assault rifle  Russia Used by NISA special forces Gaashaan and Waran.[5] and Danab commandos.[6]
Vz. 58[7] 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
PM md. 63 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Socialist Republic of Romania
AK-63[8] 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Hungarian People's Republic
Zastava M70 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Yugoslavia
Type 56[9] 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  China
MPT-76 7.62×51mm Battle rifle  Turkey 450 delivered.[10]
M16[11] 5.56×45mm Assault rifle  United States
M4A1 5.56×45mm Carbine
Assault rifle		  United States Used by Special Forces.
M14 7.62×51mm Battle rifle  United States
Heckler & Koch G3 7.62×51mm Battle rifle  West Germany Used by the Danab Brigade and the "Gorgor" Brigade, also used by Camp TURKSOM NCOs and officer cadets.[12][13]
Type 56 7.62×39mm Semi-automatic rifle  China Used for ceremonial purposes by the Presidential Guard.
Sniper rifles
SVD[14] 7.62×54mmR Designated marksman rifle
Sniper rifle		  Soviet Union
PSL[15] 7.62×54mmR Designated marksman rifle
Sniper rifle		  Socialist Republic of Romania
Machine guns
RP-46[1] 7.62×54mmR Light machine gun  Soviet Union
SG-43[16] 7.62×54mmR Medium machine gun  Soviet Union
Browning M1919[16] 7.62×51mm Medium machine gun  United States
Browning M2[1] .50 BMG Heavy machine gun  United States
KPV 14.5×114mm Heavy machine gun  Soviet Union
DShK[17] 12.7×108mm Heavy machine gun  Soviet Union
RPD[1] 7.62×39mm Squad automatic weapon  Soviet Union
RPK[1] 7.62×39mm Squad automatic weapon  Soviet Union
PKM[2] 7.62×54mmR General-purpose machine gun  Soviet Union
Zastava M84[18] 7.62×54mmR General-purpose machine gun  Yugoslavia
MG-3 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun  West Germany
FN MAG[1] 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun  Belgium
AA-52[1] 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun  France
Rocket propelled grenade launchers
RPG-2[16] 40mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union
RPG-7[2] 40mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union
Grenade launchers
AGS-17 Grenade launcher Soviet Union

Anti-tank weapons
Name Image Type Origin Caliber Notes
M40A1 Recoilless rifle  United States 106mm Status:In_service

Transferred from Yemen.[16]

Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
Casspir MRAP  South Africa 9[19] Status:In_service
BMC Kirpi MRAP  Turkey 24[20] Status:In_service

Armored personnel carriers
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
BTR-70 Armored personnel carrier  Soviet Union 3[21] Status:In_service
AT105 Saxon[19] Armored personnel carrier  United Kingdom 50 Status:In_service

Donated second hand by Djibouti April 2013.

Iveco VM 90[19] Armored personnel carrier  Italy Unknown Status:In_service

Donated by Italy.

RG-31 Nyala[19] Infantry mobility vehicle  South Africa Unknown Status:In_service

Utility vehicles
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
Toyota 4Runner Utility vehicle  Japan Unknown Status:In_service

Unknown amount in service, Used by Armed Forces for awareness against SARS-nCov-2[22][23]

Trucks
M939[24] Utility truck  United States Unknown Status:In_sevice

Air defence systems
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
9K32 Strela-2[21] MANPADS  Soviet Union N/A Status:In_service

Unmanned aerial vehicles
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
Bayraktar TB2[25] UCAV  Turkey Unknown Status:In_service

Boats
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
ONUK MRTP 16 Patrol boat  Turkey Unknown Status:In_service
Grand RIB Rigid inflatable boat  Ukraine Unknown

Individual Equipment
Model Origin Image Type Notes
PASGT  United States

 Turkey

 Combat helmet Donated from Turkey
FAST  United States

 Turkey

 Combat helmet Utilised by Commando Brigade, donated from Turkey.
M1 Woodland  United States

 Somalia

 Camouflage pattern Bought from the U.S. in the 1980s; Standard issue across all branches.[1]
Desert Battle Dress Uniform  United States

 Somalia

 Camouflage pattern Bought from the U.S. in the 1980s.
M2008 Digital Camouflage  Turkey Camouflage pattern Donated from Turkey.[1]

Retired equipment
A T-55, one of several SNA tanks
Abandoned Somali tanks in Mogadishu, discovered by U.S. Army troops on 1 December 1993

Among firearms associated with the Somali National Army and reported by Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/10 were Soviet TT pistols, British Sterling submachine guns; German Heckler & Koch G3 and Belgian FN FAL assault rifles, U.S. M14 rifles, Soviet RPD machine guns; Soviet RPK machine guns; Soviet RP-46 machine guns; French AA-52 machine guns; Belgian FN MAG machine guns; Soviet DShK heavy machine guns; U.S. M2 Browning .50 cal heavy machine guns; and U.S. M79 grenade launchers and Soviet RPG-2 grenade launchers.[1]

Previous arms acquisitions included the following equipment, much of which was unserviceable circa June 1989:[26] 293 main battle tanks (30 Centurion from Kuwait,[27] 123 M47 Patton, 30 T-34, 110 T-54/55 from various sources). Other armoured fighting vehicles included 10 M41 Walker Bulldog light tanks, 30 BRDM-2 and 15 Panhard AML-90 armored cars (formerly owned by Saudi Arabia). The IISS estimated in 1989 that there were 474 armoured personnel carriers, including 64 BTR-40/BTR-50/BTR-60, 100 BTR-152 wheeled armored personnel carriers, 310 Fiat 6614 and 6616s, and that BMR-600s had been reported. The IISS estimated that there were 210 towed artillery pieces (8 M-1944 100 mm, 100 M-56 105 mm, 84 M-1938 122 mm, and 18 M198 155 mm towed howitzers). Other equipment reported by the IISS included 82 mm and 120 mm mortars, 100 Milan and BGM-71 TOW anti-tank guided missiles, rocket launchers, recoilless rifles, and a variety of Soviet air defence guns of 20 mm, 23 mm, 37 mm, 40 mm, 57 mm, and 100 mm calibre.

In addition, U.S. M151 trucks had been sold to Somalia by December 1987.[28]

IISS Military Balance 2022 lists only armoured personnel carriers and utility vehicles.

Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
BRDM-2 Amphibious armored scout car  Soviet Union Unknown Status:In_service
ZU-23-2[19] Autocannon  Soviet Union Unknown Status:In_service
Name Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
Rocket artillery
BM-21 Grad[29] Multiple rocket launcher  Soviet Union Unknown Status:In_service

References
  1. Jones & Ness 2009.
  2. AfricaNews (9 May 2017). "Several soldiers killed in al Shabaab attack on Somali army base – Africanews". africanews.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  3. NISA (23 January 2016). "HSNQ_NISA Director General with his Elite Gaashaan & Waran, We will defend our ppl, #TweetLiidoPicturespic.twitter.com/MsZeyfukIX". @HSNQ_NISA. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  4. TP 🤟🏻 (24 March 2018). "Somali Army SOF operators #DANABpic.twitter.com/QphsTHOC1O". @tacticalporn. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  5. NISA (23 January 2016). "HSNQ_NISA Director General with his Elite Gaashaan & Waran, We will defend our ppl, #TweetLiidoPicturespic.twitter.com/MsZeyfukIX". @HSNQ_NISA. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  6. TP 🤟🏻 (24 March 2018). "Somali Army SOF operators #DANABpic.twitter.com/QphsTHOC1O". @tacticalporn. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  7. "Daawo Sawirada: Qaabka ay Ciidamada Puntland ula wareegen Qandala". caasimada.net. 8 December 2016. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  8. "AKM 63 Assault Rifle : Somalia". awm.gov.au. Australian War Memorial.
  9. Charbonneau, Louis (10 October 2014). "Exclusive: Somalia army weapons sold on open market – U.N. monitors". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  10. "Turkish Firms Receive Orders to Manufacture 45000 Locally-made MPT-76 Rifles". defenseworld.net. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  11. Jane's Special Forces Recognition Guide, Ewen Southby-Tailyour (2005) p. 446.
  12. "Image of Somali Cadets at Camp TURKSOM". Kashaale. 2018.
  13. "Image of Somali Commandos training in Turkey".
  14. "Somali daily News – Meydadka Askar Itoobiyaan ah oo lagu soo bandhigay Gobolka Galgaduud+SAWIRO". shinganinews.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  15. "Somalia Ranks and combat uniforms Somali Army". armyrecognition.com. 5 November 2009.
  16. Small Arms Survey 2012, p. 338.
  17. "SNA troops in southern Somalia". SNA Radio. September 2019. Archived from the original on 12 June 2020. Alt URL
  18. "Mortar Rounds Shake Mogadishu Ahead of Somali Presidential Vote | Voice of America - English".
  19. Military Balance 2017
  20. "Turkey donates 12 military vehicles to Somalia". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
  21. "Trade Registers". Armstrade.sipri.org. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  22. Reform, Somalia's Security Sector (10 May 2020). ".@SNAForce continued the #COVIDー19 awareness in several districts in Mogadishu, including Cabdicasiis, Shangaani, Xamar Weyne, Xamar Jajab, Dharkeynley, and Wadajir. #SNACovid19Awareness #CXDSpic.twitter.com/SfxKfDBNVR". @SomaliaSSR. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  23. Reform, Somalia's Security Sector (8 May 2020). "SNA is visiting the overpopulated areas and underprivileged communities in Mogadishu to communicate the #COVIDー19 awareness message, and distribute face masks. #SNACovid19Awareness #XooggaDalkapic.twitter.com/7C12ISMeqR". @SomaliaSSR. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  24. "The Mighty Somali Army 1980's - YouTube". YouTube. Archived from the original on 14 June 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  25. Azman, Kaan (3 October 2022). "Bayraktar TB2 SİHA Somali'de görüntülendi". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  26. IISS 1989, p. 113.
  27. "Arms Trade Register". SIPRI. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
  28. "Annex C Appendix II". US Army Technical Manual of Foreign Military Sales: Battlefield Damage Assessment and Repair (PDF). Washington, D.C. 18 December 1987. p. 262. TM 9-2320-356-BD. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2013.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  29. Military Balance 2016, p. 466.

Bibliography
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