List of interstate wars since 1945

This is a list of interstate wars since 1945. Interstate warfare has been defined as military conflict between separate states over a territory.[1] This does not include civil wars and wars of independence, or smaller clashes with limited casualties (less than 100 combat deaths). The largest interstate war in history, World War II, involved most of the world's countries, after which the United Nations (UN) was established in 1945 to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts.[2] The post-WWII era has, in general, been characterized by the absence of direct, major wars between great powers, such as the United States and (until 1991) the Soviet Union.[3][4][5][6][7]

1945–1989

Start	Finish	Name of conflict	States in conflict		Combat deaths
Start	Finish	Name of conflict	States in conflict		Min estimate	Max estimate
22 October 1947	5 January 1949	Indo-Pakistani War of 1947	India (Ceasefire)	Pakistan (Ceasefire)	2,604	7,500
14 May 1948	10 March 1949	1948 Arab–Israeli War	Israel	Egypt Iraq Transjordan Syria Lebanon Saudi Arabia Yemen	13,073	26,373
13 September 1948	18 September 1948	Operation Polo	India	Royal State of Hyderabad	32,190	202,190
25 June 1950	27 July 1953[8] (de facto)	Korean War (stalemate)[9]	UN Command South Korea United States United Kingdom Australia Belgium Canada France Philippines Colombia Ethiopia Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand South Africa Thailand Turkey	North Korea China Soviet Union	2,568,927	4,096,927
6 October 1950	24 October 1950	Battle of Chamdo	China	Tibet	294	5,814
3 September 1954	1 May 1955	First Taiwan Strait Crisis	China	Republic of China United States	914	1054
1 November 1955	30 April 1975	Vietnam War	North Vietnam FNL Khmer Rouge Khmer Issarak Pathet Lao China North Korea Soviet Union	South Vietnam United States South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand Laos Khmer Republic Philippines	1,326,494	3,447,494
29 October 1956	7 November 1956	Suez Crisis	Israel[10][11] United Kingdom France	Egypt[12]	2,848	4,198
1 November 1956	11 November 1956	Soviet invasion of Hungary Part of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956	Soviet Union	Hungary	3,222 (invasion phase only)
23 October 1957	30 June 1958	Ifni War	Spain France	Morocco	1,197
23 August 1958	2 December 1958	Second Taiwan Strait Crisis	Republic of China United States (Status quo ante bellum)	China (Status quo ante bellum)	1,054
December 1958	1959	North Vietnamese invasion of Laos Part of the Vietnam War	North Vietnam Pathet Lao	Laos
17 April 1961	20 April 1961	Bay of Pigs Invasion	Cuba	United States DRF	2,298
19 July 1961	23 July 1961	Bizerte crisis	France	Tunisia	654	657
19 December 1961	15 August 1962	Operation Trikora	Indonesia	Netherlands	223
20 October 1962	21 November 1962	Sino-Indian War	China	India	2,105	6,197
20 January 1963	11 August 1966	Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation	Malaysia Singapore United Kingdom Australia New Zealand	Indonesia	874
25 September 1963	20 February 1964	Sand War	Morocco (Status quo ante bellum)	Algeria (Status quo ante bellum)	69	500
6 February 1964	6 April 1964	1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War	Ethiopia (Status quo ante bellum)	Somalia (Status quo ante bellum)	1,000	2,000
5 August 1965	23 September 1965	Indo-Pakistani War of 1965	India (Inconclusive)	Pakistan (Inconclusive)	6,800	13,459
5 October 1966	3 December 1969	Korean DMZ Conflict	South Korea United States	North Korea	739
5 June 1967	10 June 1967	Six-Day War	Israel[13]	Egypt Syria Jordan Arab Expeditionary Forces: Iraq Saudi Arabia Morocco Algeria Libya Kuwait Tunisia Sudan	12,336	19,264
1 July 1967	7 August 1970	War of Attrition	Israel	Egypt Soviet Union Cuba Jordan Syria	6,442	14,290
11 September 1967	1 October 1967	Nathu La and Cho La clashes	India	China	120	441
20 August 1968	21 August 1968	Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia	Soviet Union Bulgaria East Germany Hungary Poland	Czechoslovakia	254
14 July 1969	18 July 1969	Football War	El Salvador	Honduras	3,000
2 March 1969	11 September 1969	Sino-Soviet border conflict	China (Status quo ante bellum)	Soviet Union (Status quo ante bellum)	132	860
3 December 1971	16 December 1971	Indo-Pakistani War of 1971	India[14][15][16]	Pakistan	11,500	12,843
6 October 1973	25 October 1973	Yom Kippur War	Israel	Egypt Syria Combat support: Iraq Jordan Algeria[17] Cuba[18][19] Morocco[20]	10,521	21,300
20 July 1974	18 August 1974	Turkish invasion of Cyprus	Turkey	Cyprus Greece	6,009	9,509
April 1974	March 1975	1974–75 Shatt al-Arab conflict	Iran	Iraq	1,000+
7 December 1975	17 July 1976	Indonesian invasion of East Timor	Indonesia	East Timor	51,000+
21 July 1977	24 July 1977	Egyptian–Libyan War	Egypt	Libya	500
13 July 1977	23 March 1978	Ogaden War	Ethiopia Cuba South Yemen Soviet Union	Somalia	39,836
29 January 1978	11 September 1987	Chadian–Libyan War	Chad France	Libya	8,500+
9 October 1978	3 June 1979	Uganda–Tanzania War	Tanzania Mozambique	Uganda Libya	4,135	4,323
21 December 1978	26 September 1989	Cambodian–Vietnamese War	Vietnam People's Republic of Kampuchea	Democratic Kampuchea Thailand United States	270,000	297,000
17 February 1979	16 March 1979	Sino-Vietnamese War	Vietnam	China	36,945	175,000
24 February 1979	19 March 1979	Yemenite War of 1979	North Yemen	South Yemen	1,084
16 March 1979	1 November 1991	Sino-Vietnamese conflicts (1979–1991)	Vietnam (end of hostilities)	China (end of hostilities)	6,000
22 September 1980	20 August 1988	Iran–Iraq War	Iran[21]	Iraq	405,000	1,200,000
2 April 1982	14 June 1982	Falklands War	United Kingdom	Argentina	907
June 1982	August 1982	1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War	Somalia	Ethiopia
18 April 1983	April 1983	Chadian–Nigerian War	Nigeria	Chad	100+
25 October 1983	29 October 1983	Invasion of Grenada	United States Antigua and Barbuda Barbados Dominica Jamaica Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Grenada Cuba	102
25 December 1985	30 December 1985	Agacher Strip War	Mali	Burkina Faso	142
20 February 1988	12 May 1994	First Nagorno-Karabakh War	Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Armenia	Azerbaijan	37,413	56,000
9 April 1989	18 July 1991	Mauritania–Senegal Border War	Mauritania	Senegal	200+
20 December 1989	31 January 1990	United States invasion of Panama	United States	Panama	540	3,338

1990–present

Start	Finish	Name of conflict	States in conflict		Combat deaths
Start	Finish	Name of conflict	States in conflict		Min estimate	Max estimate
2 August 1990	28 February 1991	Gulf War	Kuwait United States United Kingdom Saudi Arabia France Italy Canada Australia Egypt Syria Qatar	Iraq	29,231	59,231
19 September 1994	31 March 1995	Operation Uphold Democracy	United States	Haiti	302
26 January 1995	28 February 1995	Cenepa War	Peru	Ecuador	84	410
24 October 1996	16 May 1997	First Congo War	AFDL Rwanda Uganda Burundi Angola SPLA Eritrea	Zaire Sudan Chad Ex-FAR/ALiR Interahamwe CNDD-FDD UNITA ADF FLNC	235,000	250,000
6 May 1998	18 June 2000	Eritrean–Ethiopian War	Ethiopia	Eritrea	53,000	300,000
24 March 1999	10 June 1999	NATO bombing of Yugoslavia	NATO	FR Yugoslavia	796	3,011
3 May 1999	26 July 1999	Kargil War	India	Pakistan	884	5,600
5 June 2000	10 June 2000	Six-Day War (2000) Part of the Second Congo War	Rwanda	Uganda	4,051+
7 October 2001	17 December 2001	United States invasion of Afghanistan	United States United Kingdom Canada Australia	Afghanistan	9,550	14,388
20 March 2003	1 May 2003	2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq	United States United Kingdom Australia Poland	Iraq	10,996	52,456
10 June 2008	13 June 2008	Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict	Eritrea (Inconclusive)	Djibouti (Inconclusive)	144
1 August 2008	12 August 2008	Russo-Georgian War	Russia South Ossetia Abkhazia	Georgia	730	737
19 March 2011	31 October 2011	2011 military intervention in Libya	NATO Qatar Sweden United Arab Emirates	Libya	72	403+
26 March 2012	26 September 2012	Heglig Crisis	Sudan	South Sudan	316	1,485
30 January 2013	Ongoing	Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war	Israel	Iran Syria	645	671
20 February 2014	Ongoing	Russo-Ukrainian War (outline)	Ukraine	Russia In Donbas: DPR LPR	13,780
22 September 2014	Ongoing	American intervention in the Syrian civil war	United States	Syria Russia Iran	192+
1 April 2016	5 April 2016	2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict	Azerbaijan	Artsakh Armenia	137	2,060
24 August 2016	Ongoing	Turkish occupation of northern Syria	Turkey	AANES Syria	5,702+	10,705+
27 February 2020	6 March 2020	Operation Spring Shield	Turkey	Syria Iran	238	446
27 September 2020	10 November 2020	Second Nagorno-Karabakh War	Azerbaijan	Armenia Artsakh	7,726
12 May 2021	Ongoing	Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis	Azerbaijan	Armenia	313
27 January 2022	20 September 2022	2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes	Kyrgyzstan (ceasefire)	Tajikistan (ceasefire)	117[22][23][24]	133[22][23][24]
24 February 2022	Ongoing	Russian invasion of Ukraine Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War	Ukraine	Russia DPR LPR
12 September 2022	14 September 2022	September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes	Azerbaijan	Armenia	282	881

References

Ray, James Lee (2002). "Does Interstate War Have A Future?". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 19 (1): 53–80. doi:10.1177/073889420201900105. ISSN 0738-8942. JSTOR 26273613. S2CID 220780771.
"History of the UN | United Nations Seventieth Anniversary". www.un.org. Retrieved 2022-03-09.
Gaddis, John Lewis (1989). The Long Peace: Inquiries Into the History of the Cold War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-504335-9.
Saperstein, Alvin M. (March 1991). "The "Long Peace"— Result of a Bipolar Competitive World?". The Journal of Conflict Resolution. 35 (1): 68–79. doi:10.1177/0022002791035001004. S2CID 153738298.
Duffield, John S. (2009). "Explaining the Long Peace in Europe: the contributions of regional security regimes". Review of International Studies. 20 (4): 369–388. doi:10.1017/S0260210500118170. ISSN 0260-2105. S2CID 145698353.
Fettweis, Christopher J. (2017). "Unipolarity, Hegemony, and the New Peace". Security Studies. 26 (3): 423–451. doi:10.1080/09636412.2017.1306394. ISSN 0963-6412. S2CID 148993870.
Human Security Research Group, Simon Fraser University (2013). "Human Security Report 2013: The Decline in Global Violence" (PDF). Retrieved 11 November 2018.
US State Department statement regarding "Korea: Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission" and the Armistice Agreement "which ended the Korean War."
"The Korean War (article) | 1950s America". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
"Israel Routs Egypt"
"Israel invades Egypt; Suez Crisis begins"
"Nasser lost the war in military terms"
"Six-Day War"
Lyon, Peter (2008). Conflict between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-57607-712-2. India's decisive victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war and emergence of independent Bangladesh dramatically transformed the power balance of South Asia
Kemp, Geoffrey (2010). The East Moves West India, China, and Asia's Growing Presence in the Middle East. Brookings Institution Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8157-0388-4. However, India's decisive victory over Pakistan in 1971 led the Shah to pursue closer relations with India
Byman, Daniel (2005). Deadly connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism. Cambridge University Press. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-521-83973-0. India's decisive victory in 1971 led to the signing of the Simla Agreement in 1972
Shazly, p. 278.
Perez, Louis A. (2014). Cuba Between Reform And Revolution (Paperback ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0199301447. Cuba also dispatched combat troops to Syria in 1973 during the Yom Kipur War
Gott, Cuba, A New History, p. 280.
Tobji, Mahjoub (2006). Les officiers de Sa Majesté: Les dérives des généraux marocains 1956–2006. 107: Fayard. ISBN 978-2213630151.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
"Iran 'won' the war with Iraq but at a heavy price". Atlantic Council. 2021-09-22. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
"Tajik Foreign Ministry says 41 killed in border clashes - AKIpress News Agency". 2022-09-19. Archived from the original on 2022-09-19. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
"Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan border fighting claimed nearly 100 lives - BBC News". BBC News. 2022-09-18. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
"Death toll from border conflict up to 59 - Kyrgyz health ministry - World - TASS". 2022-09-18. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-10-22.

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[1] Ray, James Lee (2002). "Does Interstate War Have A Future?". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 19 (1): 53–80. doi:10.1177/073889420201900105. ISSN 0738-8942. JSTOR 26273613. S2CID 220780771.

[2] "History of the UN | United Nations Seventieth Anniversary". www.un.org. Retrieved 2022-03-09.

[Gaddis1989-3] Gaddis, John Lewis (1989). The Long Peace: Inquiries Into the History of the Cold War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-504335-9.

[Saperstein1991-4] Saperstein, Alvin M. (March 1991). "The "Long Peace"— Result of a Bipolar Competitive World?". The Journal of Conflict Resolution. 35 (1): 68–79. doi:10.1177/0022002791035001004. S2CID 153738298.

[Duffield2009-5] Duffield, John S. (2009). "Explaining the Long Peace in Europe: the contributions of regional security regimes". Review of International Studies. 20 (4): 369–388. doi:10.1017/S0260210500118170. ISSN 0260-2105. S2CID 145698353.

[Fettweis2017-6] Fettweis, Christopher J. (2017). "Unipolarity, Hegemony, and the New Peace". Security Studies. 26 (3): 423–451. doi:10.1080/09636412.2017.1306394. ISSN 0963-6412. S2CID 148993870.

[HSC2013-7] Human Security Research Group, Simon Fraser University (2013). "Human Security Report 2013: The Decline in Global Violence" (PDF). Retrieved 11 November 2018.

[8] US State Department statement regarding "Korea: Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission" and the Armistice Agreement "which ended the Korean War."

[9] "The Korean War (article) | 1950s America". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2022-03-18.

[10] "Israel Routs Egypt"

[11] "Israel invades Egypt; Suez Crisis begins"

[12] "Nasser lost the war in military terms"

[13] "Six-Day War"

[Lyon-14] Lyon, Peter (2008). Conflict between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-57607-712-2. India's decisive victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war and emergence of independent Bangladesh dramatically transformed the power balance of South Asia

[Kemp-15] Kemp, Geoffrey (2010). The East Moves West India, China, and Asia's Growing Presence in the Middle East. Brookings Institution Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8157-0388-4. However, India's decisive victory over Pakistan in 1971 led the Shah to pursue closer relations with India

[Byman-16] Byman, Daniel (2005). Deadly connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism. Cambridge University Press. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-521-83973-0. India's decisive victory in 1971 led to the signing of the Simla Agreement in 1972

[Shazly_p.278-17] Shazly, p. 278.

[18] Perez, Louis A. (2014). Cuba Between Reform And Revolution (Paperback ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0199301447. Cuba also dispatched combat troops to Syria in 1973 during the Yom Kipur War

[19] Gott, Cuba, A New History, p. 280.

[tobji-20] Tobji, Mahjoub (2006). Les officiers de Sa Majesté: Les dérives des généraux marocains 1956–2006. 107: Fayard. ISBN 978-2213630151.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[21] "Iran 'won' the war with Iraq but at a heavy price". Atlantic Council. 2021-09-22. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

[:0-22] "Tajik Foreign Ministry says 41 killed in border clashes - AKIpress News Agency". 2022-09-19. Archived from the original on 2022-09-19. Retrieved 2022-10-22.

[:1-23] "Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan border fighting claimed nearly 100 lives - BBC News". BBC News. 2022-09-18. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-10-22.

[:2-24] "Death toll from border conflict up to 59 - Kyrgyz health ministry - World - TASS". 2022-09-18. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-10-22.

Interstate warfare in the Post–Cold War era (1990–present)
1990–2000	Iraqi invasion of Kuwait Gulf War Yugoslav Wars Ten-Day War Croatian War of Independence Bosnian War Croat–Bosniak War Kosovo War NATO bombing of Yugoslavia First Nagorno-Karabakh War Cenepa War Hanish Islands conflict First Congo War Eritrean–Ethiopian War border conflict Second Congo War Six-Day War Kargil War Second Intifada
2001–2019	War in Afghanistan Invasion Iraq War Invasion 2006 Lebanon War Russo-Georgian War Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict NATO-led intervention in Libya Heglig Crisis Russo–Ukrainian War Crimea Donbas Saudi-led intervention in Yemen UAE occupation of Socotra 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Turkish occupation of northern Syria 2016–17 2018 2019
2020–present	Operation Spring Shield (Turkey, Syria, Iran) Second Nagorno-Karabakh War Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan conflict 2021 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis September 2022 Russo–Ukrainian War Invasion of Ukraine
Related	Transnistria War South Ossetia War Abkhaz–Georgian conflict 1992–93 1998 Chechen Wars First Second Gaza–Israel conflict 2008-09 2014 2023 War in Somalia (2006–2009) War in Iraq (2013–17) War against the Islamic State Tigray War Al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia
Bold – conflicts responsible for 100,000+ deaths; Italics – ongoing conflict

List of interstate wars since 1945

1945–1989

1990–present

See also

References