List of pear cultivars

Over 3000 cultivars of the pear are known.[1] The following is a list of the more common and important cultivars, with the year and place of origin (where documented) and an indication of whether the pears are for cooking, eating, canning, drying or making perry. Those varieties marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Those varieties marked FCC have gained the Royal Horticulatural Society´s First Class Certificate.

|== Table of pears ==

Common name Synonyms Image Origin First developed and introduced Comment Use and Cold storage[2] Harvest(days from full bloom)[3][4][5] and Fireblight susceptibility[6][7]F1 =very resistant, F5 = very susceptible.
Abate Fetel[8] Abbé Fetel France 1869 Scab susceptible. A major cultivar in Italy[9] Eating -1oC 90 days 140-165 F3
Alexander Lucas[10][11][12][13][14][15]Lucas, Lukas, Beurré AlexanderLoire et Cher, France1870, introduced 1874Triploideating -0.5oC 120 days.157 F1
Alfa[16]F1
Ambrosia[17]Indiana, UScross made 1978Pick mid August. Tolerant to fire blight.eating. 1oC 42 days
Angelys[18]File:Angélys.JPGAngers, Franceintroduced 1999Parentage Doyenné d' hiver x Doyenné du Comice. Pick 10 days after Doyenne du Comiceeating, -0.5o 180 daysF4
Angouleme see Duchesse d'Angouleme
Anjou see Beurré D'Anjou
Anjou Red[19]Sport of anjou with a red surface color. Not as vigorous as Anjou.
AyersUnited Statesan interspecific P. communis× P. pyrifolia hybrid
BambinellaMalta
Bartlett see Williams
Bartlett Max Red[20][21]Europe1945A red sport of Bartlett. Slightly more fire blight resistant than Bartlett
Bartlett Red Sensation[22][23]Sensation Red BartlettAustralia1940A red sport of Bartlett. Tree is slower growing.
BethEnglandintroduced 1974AGM in 1993. Parentage Beurre Superfin x Williams Bon Chretien.
Beurre d' Anjou[24][25][26][27][28][29]D' Anjou, Beurré Gris,France<1628eating -0.5oC 150 days140-165 F2
Beurré d'Arenberg see Glou Morceau
Beurré Bedford[30] Bedford, England Raised 1902, introduced 1921 Parentage Marie Louise x Durondeau Eating in October and November
Bell[31]West Virginia, UScross made 1983Fire blight resistant.eating
Beurré Bosc see Bosc
Beurré Clairrgeau see Clairgeau
Beurré Diel[32][33][34][35] [36]Belgium<1830eating -0.5oC 120 days
Beurré Durandeau[37][38] [39][40]De Tongrés, Tongeren, Tongern, Tongre, Durandeau, Durondeau<1823Pick late September - early October.eating, canning -0.5oC 150 days
Beurré Giffard[41][42][43][44][45][46] [47]GiffardAngers, France1825Poor keepereating100-120
Beurré d'Hardenpont see Glou Morceau
Beurré Hardy[48][49][50][51][52][53] [54][55][56][57][58][59][60]Hardy, Beurre Hardy, ge. Gellerts ButterbirneBoulogne-sur-Mer, France[61]c1820, introduced c1840AGM in 1993. Biennial bearing.Eating -0.5oC 90 days130-150 F2
Beurré de Mérode see Doppelte Philipp
Beurré Superfin[62][63][64][65][66][67]Angers, France1837AGM in 2006. Ripens in late September.Eating
Black WorcesterEnglanda cooking pear that keeps wellCooking
Blake's Pride[68]United Statescross made 1965, introduced 1998derived from a cross of US 446 x US 505, made by H.J. Brooks[68]
Blanquilla'pera de agua' and 'blanquilla de Aranjuez'Spaineating100-130 F1
Bon Chrétien see Willams
Bonne de Malines see Winter Nelis
Bon Rougecultivar derived from a rare, spontaneous bud mutation of the green pear cultivar William’s Bon Chretien[69]
Bosc[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]Beurré Bosc, Bosc's Flaschenbirne, Kaiser AlexanderBelgium<1807Good for eating, baking, cooking, broiling, especially poaching.eating, baking -1oC 120 days150-165 F1
Bristol Cross[80]Bristol, Englandcross made 1920Parentage Williams x Conferenceeating142
Butirra Precoce Morettini[81][82][83][84]Beurré précoce MorettiniFlorence, Italy1956Parentage: Coscia x Williams (Bartlett) made by Morettini. Tree is vigorous. Ripens 20 days before Bartlett. One of the best early pears.eating100-125
Carmen [85] [86]Italycross made 1980, selected 1989, introduced 2000Pick 18 days before Bartlett.eating
Cascade[87]Oregon, US1975A red-skinned pear. Parentage Bartlett Max Red x Doyenné du Comice.eating
Catillac[88][89][90][91][92]Cadillac, De Citrouille, De Bell, Grand-Mogul, Grand-Tamerlan, Monstrueuse des Landes, Pound Pear, Tete-de-ChatFrance<1665scab resistant pear for organic gardening.Cooking
Celina[93]QTeeSweden & Norwaycross made 1985, selected 1997Pick 17 days before Conference. Parentage Colorée de Juillet x Bartlett.eating
Charneu, Charneux see Fondante de Charneux
Chojuro[94]Japan1895eating140-155
Churchland
Clairgeau[95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102]Beurré ClairgeauNantes, Francec.1830, introduced 1851Tree is healthy and productive. Excellent dessert quality.eating, cooking -0.5oC 60 days
Clapp's Favourite[103][104][105][106][107][108][109] [110][111][112][113] [114]ClappsDorchester, Massachusetts, USc. 1860, introduced 1867Susceptible to scab. Very susceptible to fireblighteating -0.5oC 60 days105-130
Clara Frijs[115]Comtesse Clara FrijsSkensved, Denmark[116]<1858major cultivar in DenmarkEating
Claude BlanchetVienne, Isère, France by M BLANCHET[117]1877[117]Random seedling[117]
Colorée de Juillet[118][119][120]Bunte JuliRouen, France1857, introduced 1867eating90
Comtesse de Paris[121][122]ParisEure-et-Loire, France1884?, 1893?Pick late October. Use December-Februaryeating -0.5oC 180 days165
Concorde[123][124][125][126]Englandintroduced 1984AGM in 1993. Susceptible to fireblight. Parentage Doyenné du Comice x Conference
Condo[127]Wageningen, Netherlands1965Parentage Conferance x Doyenné du Comice-1o C 120 days
Conference[128][129][130][131][132][133][134] [135][136][137][138]Rivers' ConferenceSawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England1884, introduced 1894FCC in 1885. AGM in 1993. Susceptible to fireblight and canker.eating -0.5oC 120 days160-180 F1
CorellaCorella (Forelle) pearsAustralialate 19th century[139][140]Barossa Valley in southern Australia by German settlers[139]
Coscia[141]Italy<1800very early maturing cultivareating90-120 F1
Curé see Poire de Curé
D'Anjou see Beurré d' Anjou
Delfrap[142]Delbard PremiereFrance1955Preharvest drop.eating
Dessertnaja
Dicolor[143]pick late septembereatingF4
Don GuindoSpainstrong yellow, flavoured taste
Doppelte Philipp[144][145][146]Beurré de Mérode, Doyenné de Mérode, Albertine, Doyenné BoussochFile:20doyennedemerode-Alphonse_Mas,1865.JPGBelgiumc.1800, introduced 1819Pick september. Use November
Doyenné d' hiver see Easter Beurre
Doyenné du Comice[147][148][149][150][151][152] [153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160] [161]Comice, Vereinsdekant, Offered as "Royal Riviera Pears" by Harry & DavidAngers, France<1849FCC in 1900. AGM in 1993. Biennial bearing. Preharvest drop. Vigorous tree, erratic cropper.eating -0.5oC 90 days150-170 F5
Doyenné de Mérode see Doppelte Philip
Drouard see President Drouard
Dr. Jules Guyot[162][163][164]Scab resistant pear for organic gardening. Poor keeper.eating105-125 F2
Duchess[165]Dyushes, DushesEngland? France?late 18th c.[166]Pick early Octobereating, canning
Duchesse d'Angouleme[167][168][169][170][171]AngoulemeFrance1809, introduced 1815Large tree, bears reulary. Good fire blight resistance.eating150-170
Durondeau se Beurré Durondeau
Earlibrite
Easter Beurré[172][173]Doyenné d' hiver, WinterdechantsbirneBelgiumc1823Use December- Marcheating160-185
Edelcrassane see Passe Crassane
EdenIsrael
Eldorado[174]California, US1945Very good to excellent quality. Long storage life.Eating, Canning140-160 F1
ElektraF5
Flamingo[175]South Africaintroduced 1993Parentage Bon Rouge x Forelle. Flesh: creamy white, soft.eating
Flemish Beauty[176][177][178][179]Fondante des BoisFlanders, Belgium1810Hardy to -45 degrees F.Eating, drying160-180
Fondante d'Automne[180][181][182]Francec. 1825An old Flemish variety raised by Fievee at Maubeuge[183]
Fondante de Charneux[184][185][186] [187][188][189]Charneux, Merveille de Charneu, Köstliche von Charneeux, Légipont, Merveille de Charneu, Waterloo,Charneux, Belgiumc1800Susceptible to fireblighteating -0.5oC 100 days144
Forelleeating160-190
Gellert see Beurré Hardy
Gem[190]West Virginia, UScross made 1970, selected 1981, introduced 2014Pick early September in West Virginia and Oregon.eating
General Leclerc[191][192]Angers, France1950 ,introduced 1974Parentage Doyenne du Comice x ?Eating -0.5oC 150 days
Gerburg
Giffard se Beurré Giffard
Glou Morceau[193][194][195][196] [197]Beurré d'Hardenpoint Beurré d'Arenberg, Hardenponts WinterbutterbirneBelgium1750Use November - December.eating -0.5oC 120 days170-200
Gourmet[198] [199]South Dakota, UScross made 1954, selected 1969Width 56-74 mm. Flesh: firm, yellow, crisp ,juicy. Pollen-sterile[200] Pick 3rd week in September in South Dakota.eating
Golden SpiceSmall fruit, very hardy[200]
Gorham[201]New York, USIntroduced 1923Parentage Bartlett x Josephine de Malines. AGM in 2006. Ripens 14 days later than Bartlett
Grüne Jagdbirne[202]Germany ?<1936Pick late October.Perry
Hardy see Beurré Hardy
Harobig
Harovin Sundown
Harrow Crisp
Harrow Delight[203]Ontario, CanadaIntroduced 1982Hardy in zone 5
Harrow Gold
Harrow Red
Harrow Sweet[204][205][206]Ontario, Canadacross made 1965F1
Harvest Queen[207][208]Ontario, Canadaintroduced 1982Parentage: Williams x(Williams x(Williams x Seckel))Eating, Canning
Hermann
Herzogin Elsa[209]ElsaGermany1879 or 1885Pick late Septembereating
Hessle[210][211][212]HazelYorkshire, England<1827disease resistant pear for organic gardeningeating
Highland[213]UScross made 1944Parentage Willams x Doyenné du Comiseeating
Honeysweet[214]UScross made 1955, selected 1969Width 55-61 mm, height 61-67 mm. Parentage Seckel x (Vermont Beauty x Roi Carlo de Wurtenberg). Pick early september. Flesh: buttery, sweet, rich.eating
Hortensia[215]Dresden-Pillnitz, Germanyintroduced 1996Parentage Nordhäuser Winterforelle x Clapp Favorite. Pick mid to late September.eating
Hosui (豊水) (Pyrus pyrifolia subsp. culta)[216][217][218][219] 'Russet pears', Russet apple pear National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Japan c. 1972 Cider, cooking, eating 135-145
Huntington
Ingeborg[220]Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden1994Parentage Conference x Bonne Louise. Triploid. Main pear cultivar in Norwayeating
Isolda[221]Susceptible to fireblighteatingF2
Jargonell[222][223][224][225][226][227]Bellissme-Jargonelle, Figue d'Été, Grosse-Jargonelle, Sabine d'Été, Vermillon d'ÉtéFrance<1690Tree is hardy, healthy and vigouroseating
Jeanne d'Arc[228]Rouen, Franceintroduced 1893Parentage Diels Butterbirne x Doyenne du Comiceeating
Joséphine de Malines[229][230][231][232][233][234] [235]Josephine von Mecheln, Mechelen(a.k.a. Malines), Belgium1830FCC in 1901. AGM in 1993. Obtained by Esperen, pomologist and mayor of Malines in the 19th century; one of the best late season pears. Pick late October. Use January - March.eating -0.5oC 120 days
Kaiser Alexander see Bosc
Kalle see Starkrimson
Kieffer[236][237][238]United Statesa hybrid of the Chinese "sand pear", P. pyrifolia and probably 'Bartlett'. Hardy in Zones 4-9.eating, canning, baking170-190
Kikusui[239]KikisuiPyrus pyrifolia. Not suitable for shipping.eating
Kosui[240][241] (幸水) Russet apple pear National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Japan c. 1959 the most important cultivar in Japan),[242][243] ('Russet pears')Pyrus pyrifolia subsp. culta Cider, cooking, eating 120-130
La FranceFrance
Lategale
Laxton's Superb[244]EnglandRaised 1901, introduced 1913no longer used due to high susceptibility to fireblight
Le Conte[245][246]Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia.Vigorous tree.
Liegel[247][248]Liegels WinterbutterbirneMalines, Belgium1788
Louise Bonne[249][250][251][252][253][254][255] [256][257][258][259][260][261][262]Bonne Louise d'Avranches, Louise Bonne d'Avranches, Bonne Louise of Jersey, Gute Louise von AvranchesNormandy, France1778Scab susceptibleeating -0.5oC 120 days141
Luscious[263]South Dakota, USIntroduced 1967Small-medium Bartlett-like fruit. Hardy in Zone 4[200]eating
Magness[264]Maryland, USIntroduced 1960Hardy in Zone 6-9. Resistant to fire blight.
Maxine[265]Ohio, USIntroduced 1923Hardy in zones 4-8.
Merton PrideEngland1941
Moonglow [266]Introduced 1960Parentage Doyenne du Comice x ? Hardy in zones 5-8.eating, canning
Moorcroft[267][268]Stinking BishopColwall, England<1884Pick mid to late SeptemberPerry
Chinese White Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri)Nashi
NashiAsian / Japanese / Chinese / Korean / Taiwanese / sand pearPyrus pyrifolia
Nijisseiki (二十世紀) name means "20th century", also spelled 'Nijusseiki' [269][270][271][272][273] Green pears Matsudo, Chiba, Japan c. 1888 Green apple pear. (Pyrus pyrifolia subsp. culta) Cider, cooking, eating 140-155
Nordhäuser Winterforelle[274]Nordhausen, Germanyintroduced 1864Pick mid-October. Use January - Marcheating -0.5oC 120 days
Oberösterreichische Weinbirne[275]AustriaoldPick mid-OctoberPerry
Oldfield[276] [277]Herefordshire, Englandearly 1700sPick mid to late October. Mill 3-6 weeks after harvest.Perry
Onward[278]National Fruit Trials in Wisley, Surrey1947Laxton's Superb x Doyenne du Comice[279]Eating
Orcas[280][281]Washington, US1966Cold storage 11 weeks112-132
Orient[282]United Statesan interspecific P. communis × P. pyrifolia hybrid. Hardy in zones 5-8.canning
Packham[283][284][285]'Packham's Triumph'Australia1896Parentage Uvedale's St. Germain x Williams.eating -0.5oC 90 days150-165 F4
Paragon[286]Oregon, UScross made in 1940sFlesh fine-textured with exquisite flavor. Tree vigorous.eating
Parker[287]Minnesota, USLarge Bartlett-like fruit[200]
Paris see Comtesse de Paris
ParsonageNew Rochelle, New Yorkc. 1857
Passe Crassane[288][289][290][291][292]Rouen, France1855A variety developed by M. Boisbunel, a nurseryman from Rouen, France[293]Eating -0.5oC 150 days180-210 F4
Patten[294]Minnesota, USHardy to - 50 degrees F. Large tender and juicy fruit.Eating, canning
Petersbirne[295]Grosse PetersbirneGermany<1799Cooking, juice, drying. -0.5oC 30 days
Piérre Corneille[296]France<1895Biennial bearing.eating
Pineapple[297][298][299]United Statesan interspecific P. communis × P. pyrifolia hybrid. Hardy in zone 8-9eating, canning
Pitmaston[300][301][302][303][304][305]Pitmaston Duchess, Williams' DuchessWorcester, England1841FCC in 1874eating, canning
Poire de Curé[306][307][308][309][310]Curé, Bon Curé, Vicar of Winkfield, PastorenbirneIndre, France1760Triploid. Pick October. Use December-Januaryeating, cooking
Potomac[311]USParentage Moonglow x Beurrè d' Anjou. Width 65 mm. Pick 2 week after Bartlett. Flesh: buttery, reminding Beurré d'Anjoueating
President Drouard[312][313]Präsident DrouardAngers, FranceIntroduced 1870Pick mid-October. Use November-Januaryeating
Prècoce de Trévoux[314][315][316]France1862Scab susceptible.eating -0.5oC 50 days105
Precoce Moretini see Butirra Precoce Morettini
Red Clapp´s see Starkrimson
Rescue[317]Vancouver, B.C.<1976Width 75-85 mm. Pick 6 days before Bartlett. Flesh: cream-colored, melting, juicy, reminding Clapp's Favorite.eating, 1oC, 12 weeks
RochaPêra RochaPortugal
Robert de Neufville[318]Geisenheim, Germanycross made 1896Parentage: Auguste Jurie x Clapp's Favourite. Pick late August. Flavour comparable with Doyenné du Comiceeating
Rosemarie[319]South Africacross made 1974Parentage Bon Rouge x Forelle[320]
Santa Maria[321]Italyintroduced 1951Parentage Williams x Cosciaeating
Schweizer Wasserbirne[322]Switzerland ?oldTriploid. Juice yield 75-80%juice, drying
Seckel[323][324][325][326][327] [328]SeckleUnited States, Philadelphia arealate 17th centurySome fireblight resistance. Hardy in zone 5-8.eating120-140
Shenandoah[329]Kearneysville, West Virginia, USselected 1985, introduced 2003Harvest maturity similar to Beurre d' Anjoueating
Shinseki[330][331][332]Hardy in zone 6-9.eating125-135
Starkrimson[333]Kalle, Red Clapp'sMichigan1939a red-skinned bud mutation of Clapp's Favourite. Its thick, smooth skin is a uniform, bright and intense red, and its creamy flesh is sweet and aromatic.[334]
Stinking Bishop see Moorcroft
SiberianExtremely hardy with inedible fruit, used as a pollinator[200]
Summer Beauty
Summercrisp[335]Minnesota, USIntroduced 1987Cold storage 6 weeks. Crisp texture is similar to Asian Pears, medium sized mildly sweet fruit[200]
Sweet Sensation[336]Rode Doyenné van DoornNetherlandsdiscovered 1992, introduced 2010mutation of Doyenne du Comiceeating
Taylor's goldNew Zealanda russeted mutant clone of 'Comice'
Tongeren, Tongern, Tongre see Beurré Durandeau
Tosca
Trévoux see Prècoce de Trévoux
Triomphe de Vienne[337][338][339][340]TriumphIsère, Franceintroduced 1874Biennial bearing.eating156
Tsu Li[341][342]Tse LiPyrus pyrifoliaeating150-165
Turandot[343]Italycross made 1980, introduced 2000Parentage Dr. Guyot x Bella di Giugno. Susceptible to fire blight.eating
Tyson[344][345][346][347]Early Sugar PearPhiladelphia, US1794Tree is hardy and fireblight reistant. Hardy in zone 5-8. Pick early august.eating
UreMorden, ManitobaJuicy, small-medium fruit[200]
Uta[348][349]Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany1993Parentage Madame Verte x Beurré Bosc. Pick mid-Octobereating, ?oC 135 days
Verdi[350]Wageningen, Netherlands1966
Vicar of Winkfield see Poire de Curé
Virgouleuse
Williams[351][352][353][354][355] [356][357][358][359] [360][361][362]Williams Christ, Williams' Bon Chrétien
Bartlett (United States)
Red Bartlett (United States)		Berkshire, England1770Susceptible to scab and fireblight. Many are yellow. There are three major red-skinned mutant clones: 'Max Red Bartlett', 'Sensation Red Bartlett', 'Rosired Bartlett' Good for eating, baking, cooking. In a recipe specifying apples, substituting one of these pears can give joy.eating, canning -1oC 60 days115-135 F3
Winter Nelis[363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370][371]Bonne de Malines, Beurré de Malines, Coloma d' Hiver, Nélis d'Hiver,Malines, Belgium<1818FCC in 1902. Resistant to fireblight.Eating -1oC 120 days160-185
Xenia[372]NoiabriskaiaNetherlandscross made 1968, selected 2001, introduced 2008Parentage Triomphe de Vienne x Nicolai Krier. Pick 2 weeks after Conerence.eating, 1oC 90 days.
Ya Li[373][374]Pyrus pyrifoliaeating150-165
Yakumo[375]Pyrus pyrifoliaeating

Perry pears

Perry pears may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making perry, the pear equivalent of the alcoholic beverage apple cider. Some pears (especially older ones from the U.S. and Canada) are used for both cider and eating purposes.

  • Alexander Lukas
    Alexander Lukas
  • Black Worcester
    Black Worcester
  • Bosc
    Bosc
  • Conference
    Conference
  • Beurré D'Anjou
    Beurré D'Anjou
  • Forelle
    Forelle
  • European Pear
    European Pear
  • Le Conte
    Le Conte
  • Pêra Rocha
    Pêra Rocha
  • Pyrus pyrifolia
    Pyrus pyrifolia
  • Pyrus bretschneideri
    Pyrus bretschneideri
  • Williams (Bartlett)
    Williams (Bartlett)
  • Vicar of Winkfield (Poire de Curé)
    Vicar of Winkfield (Poire de Curé)

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