Magilligan
Magilligan (from Irish: Ard Mhic Giollagáin, meaning 'Magilligan's height'[1]) is a peninsula that lies in the northwest of County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, at the entrance to Lough Foyle, within Causeway Coast and Glens district. It is an extensive 79,000-acre (32,000-hectare) coastal site, part British army firing range, part nature reserve and is home to the HM Prison Magilligan.[2][3] The settlement of Magilligan Point on the lough is noted for its ferry crossing to Greencastle, County Donegal.
Magilligan
| |
|---|---|
 Magilligan Point | |
  Magilligan Location within Northern Ireland | |
| Population | 578 (2001 Census) |
| Irish grid reference | H8396 |
| District | |
| County | |
| Country | Northern Ireland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Postcode district | BT49 |
| Dialling code | 028 |
| Police | Northern Ireland |
| Fire | Northern Ireland |
| Ambulance | Northern Ireland |
| UK Parliament | |
| NI Assembly | |
History
Magilligan gets its name from "MacGilligans country", which formed a major part of the barony of Keenaght.[2]
Magilligan served as the base line for triangulation for the mapping of Ireland in the 19th century. Colonel Thomas Colby chose Magilligan due to the flatness of the strand and its proximity to Scotland which, along with the rest of Britain, had been accurately mapped in previous decades. A straight line precisely 30,533 feet (9,306 m) was measured from North Station to Ballykelly in 1828 from which all other references were measured. The survey finished in 1846 when County Kerry was mapped.[4]
Landmarks
Martello Tower, to the north of Magilligan Point near the lough,[5][6] commenced construction in 1812, rather late in the British sequence, as the original plan for a fort at Magilligan point was impractical due to soft ground. A genuinely round tower mounting two 24-pounder guns, it has been restored but is normally locked. It was built at the same time as the more unusual double-gunned tower across the lough at Greencastle.
It was not completed until 1817, two years after Napoleon, against whose invasion it was built to protect, had been exiled to St. Helena. The garrison stationed here never fired a shot at any enemy. During World War II the top of the tower was fitted out with a pillbox. Since the tower was built, deposits of sand have extended the peninsula by several hundred metres and the tower is now located a considerable distance from the sea.[7]
HM Prison Magilligan is situated along the main road (Point Road) to the east of the Magilligan Point.[5] It opened in 1972 and has a capacity of 568 prisoners.[3]
Transport
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It is close to Bellarena railway station and there is a ferry service which operates during the summer season, connecting Magilligan with Greencastle across the lough.[2]
During the 19th century the Londonderry & Coleraine Railway Company (L&CR) operated a short lived tramway between the village of Magilligan and the settlement of Magilligan Point. Opening in July 1885 and closing in October 1885, it is the shortest lived passenger railway line in Ireland.[8]
Notable people
- Donnchadh Ó hÁmsaigh (1695–1807) – Irish harpist[9]
- John Graham – Church of Ireland clergyman, a senior officer of the Orange Order, and a prolific author of poetic and historical works
- Eddie Butcher (1900–1980) – singer, songwriter and song collector[10]: 1
References
- "Magilligan Point, County Derry". Placenames NI. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- "Magilligan Point". Eoceanic.com. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- "Magilligan Prison". Prisonphone.co.uk. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- Mary L. Mulvihill (2003). Ingenious Ireland: A County-by-County Exploration of the Mysteries. Simon & Schuster. pp. 190–2. ISBN 9780684020945.
- Google (20 March 2020). "Magilligan" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- "Magilligan Martello Tower". discovernorthernireland.com. Discover Northern Ireland. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
- Northern Ireland Environment Agency information board at Martello Tower, August 2014.
- Johnson, Steven (15 June 2002). Lost Railways of Co. Derry. Stenlake Publishing. ISBN 1-84033-199-2.
- "Denis O'Hampsey – his life". earlygaelicharp.info. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- Shields, Hugh; Shields, Lisa; Carolan, Nicholas, eds. (2011). All the Days of His Life. Dublin, Ireland: Irish Traditional Music Archive. ISBN 978-0-9532704-4-6.
