Mastrevirus

Mastrevirus is a genus of ssDNA viruses, in the family Geminiviridae. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as natural hosts. They are vectored by planthoppers. There are 45 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: maize streak virus: maize streak disease (MSD).[1][2]

Mastrevirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Repensiviricetes
Order: Geplafuvirales
Family: Geminiviridae
Genus: Mastrevirus

Capsid proteins

Mastreviruses have an unusually diverse range of capsid proteins among the Geminiviridae. While all other genera have species with essentially identical proteins (and their producing genetic sequences) among themselves, Mastrevirus has seven protein clusters and three species that each constitute their own.[3]

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized:[2]

  • Axonopus compressus streak virus (ACSV)[3]
  • Bromus catharticus striate mosaic virus
  • Camellia chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CaCDaV)[3]
  • Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CCDaV)[4]
  • Chickpea chlorosis Australia virus
  • Chickpea chlorosis virus
  • Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus
  • Chickpea redleaf virus
  • Chickpea redleaf virus 2
  • Chickpea yellow dwarf virus
  • Chickpea yellows virus
  • Chloris striate mosaic virus
  • Digitaria ciliaris striate mosaic virus
  • Digitaria didactyla striate mosaic virus
  • Digitaria streak virus
  • Dragonfly-associated mastrevirus (DfasMV)[3]
  • Eleusine indica associated virus
  • Eragrostis minor streak virus (EMSV)[3]
  • Eragrostis streak virus
  • Grapevine geminivirus (GraGV)[3]
  • Juncus maritimus-associated virus (JmaV)[3]
  • Limeum africanum-associated virus (LaaV)[3]
  • Maize streak dwarfing virus
  • Maize streak Reunion virus
  • Maize streak virus
  • Maize striate mosaic virus
  • Melenis repens associated virus
  • Miscanthus streak virus
  • Mulberry crinkle-associated virus (MCaV)[3]
  • Miscanthus streak virus (MiSV)[3]
  • Maize streak Reunion virus (MSMV)[3]
  • Oat dwarf virus
  • Panicum streak virus
  • Paspalum dilatatum striate mosaic virus
  • Paspalum striate mosaic virus
  • Passion fruit chlorotic mottle virus (PCMoV)[3]
  • Polygala garcinii-associated virus (PgaV)[3]
  • Rice latent virus 1 (RLV1)[3][5]
  • Rice latent virus 2 (RLV2)[3][6]
  • Saccharum streak virus
  • Sorghum arundinaceum associated virus
  • Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 1 (SSMV1)[3]
  • Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 2 (SSMV2)[3]
  • Sugarcane chlorotic streak virus
  • Sugarcane streak Egypt virus
  • Sugarcane streak Reunion virus
  • Sugarcane streak virus
  • Sugarcane striate virus
  • Sugarcane striate virus A (SStV-A)[3]
  • Sugarcane striate virus D (SStV-D)[3]
  • Sugarcane white streak virus (SWSV)[3]
  • Sweet potato symptomless virus 1/Sweetpotato symptomless mastrevirus 1 (SpSMV1)[3]
  • Switchgrass mosaic-associated virus (SMaV)[3]
  • Tobacco yellow dwarf virus
  • Tomato-associated geminivirus (TaGV)[3]
  • Tomato apical leaf curl virus (ToALCV)[3]
  • Urochloa streak virus
  • Wheat dwarf India virus
  • Wheat dwarf virus

Structure

Viruses in Mastrevirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 22 nm, with a length of 38 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented, around 2.6-2.8kb in length.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
MastrevirusTwinned IcosahedralIncomplete T=1Non-envelopedCircularMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (leafhopper). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
MastrevirusDicotsNoneViral movement; mechanical inoculationBuddingNucleusNucleusLeafhopper

References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  3. Lefeuvre, Pierre (ORCID); Martin, Darren P.; Elena, Santiago F.; Shepherd, Dionne N.; Roumagnac, Philippe (ORCID); Varsani, Arvind (ORCID) (16 July 2019). "Evolution and ecology of plant viruses". Nature Reviews Microbiology. Nature Research. 17 (10): 632–644. doi:10.1038/s41579-019-0232-3. ISSN 1740-1526. S2CID 197402034. p. 638: Note that one of the geminivirus genera, Mastrevirus, has viruses with capsid proteins so diverse that they fall into seven distinct clusters and three singletons, whereas capsid protein sequences from the other genera all fall within individual clusters. ACSV, Axonopus compressus streak virus; CaCDaV, Camellia chlorotic dwarf-associated virus; CCDaV, Camellia citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus; DfasMV, dragonfly-associated mastrevirus; EMSV, Eragrostis minor streak virus; GraGV, grapevine geminivirus; JmaV, Juncus maritimus-associated virus; LaaV, Limeum africanum-associated virus; MCaV, mulberry crinkle-associated virus; MiSV, Miscanthus streak virus; MSMV, maize streak Reunion virus; PCMoV, passion fruit chlorotic mottle virus; PgaV, Polygala garcinii-associated virus; RLV1, rice latent virus 1; RLV2, rice latent virus 2; SMaV, switchgrass mosaic-associated virus; SpSMV1, sweetpotato symptomless mastrevirus 1; SSMV1, Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 1; SSMV2, Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 2; SStV-A, sugarcane striate virus A; SStV-D, sugarcane striate virus D; SWSV, sugarcane white streak virus; TaGV, tomato associated geminivirus; ToALCV, tomato apical leaf curl virus. {{cite journal}}: External link in |first5=, |first6=, and |first= (help)
  4. Randa Zelyüt, Filiz; Santosa, Adyatma Irawan; Karanfi̇l, Ali; Silva, Jose Cleydson Ferreira (30 September 2022). "First Insight into Genetic Variation and Population Structure of The Emerging Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CCDaV, genus Citlodavirus)". Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi. 32 (3): 591–601. doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1123999.
  5. "Rice latent virus 1 (RLV100)[Overview]". Global Database. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
  6. "Rice latent virus 2 (RLV200)[Overview]". Global Database. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
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