List of executioners
This is a list of people who have acted as official executioners.
Algeria
Zachary Wallace Gross | 1843–1856 |
Alger
Jacques Baroux | 1842–1847 (first name is sometimes given as Joseph) |
Nicolas Wolf | 1847–1855 |
Antoine-François-Joseph Rasseneux | 1855–1871 |
Monsieur d'Alger: The Executioners of the French Republic
In 1870 the Republic of France abolished all local executioners and named the executioner of Algiers, Antoine Rasseneux, Éxécuteur des Arrêts Criminels en Algérie, which became France's official description of the executioner of Algeria's occupation. From then on there would be one only executioner to carry out death sentences for all of Algeria. Since the colony's executioner was required to live in Algiers, people soon started to refer to him as "Le Monsieur d'Alger" ("The Man From Algiers"). Upon his nomination, Rasseneux was permitted to choose four among France's and Algeria's former local executioners to be his aides.
Antoine-François-Joseph Rasseneux | 1871–1885 |
Gustave-Émile Rasseneux | 1885–1892 |
Pierre Lapeyre | 1892–1928 |
Henri Roch | 1928–1944 |
André-Léon Berger | 1944–1947 |
Maurice-Alexandre Meyssonnier | 1947–1958 (de facto)/1961 (official) |
Fernand-Jean Meyssonnier | 1958–1961 |
Australia
Alexander Green | Colony of New South Wales | 1828–1855 |
Robert ('Nosey Bob') Howard | New South Wales | 1875–1904 |
Austria
Hall in Tirol
Lienhart von Grätz | 1497–1504 |
Stefan Ruef | 1503–1525 |
Hans Schaider | 1525–1528 |
Heinrich Käser | 1525 |
Johann Frey | 1528–1571 |
Melchior Frey | 1572–1578 |
Christof Tollinger | 1578–1584 |
Michael Fürst | 1584–1606 |
Sebastian Oberstetter | 1606–1608 |
Jakob Kienle | 1608–1611 |
Jakob Vollmar | 1611–1618 |
Hans Has | 1618–1642 |
Heinrich Hödel | 1642–1645 |
Othmar Krieger | 1645–1671 |
Jakob Zäch | 1671–1677 |
Andreas Leiner | 1677–1693 |
Kaspar Pöltl | 1693–1698 |
Sebastian Waldl | 1699–1718 |
Marx Philipp Abrell | 1718–1728 |
Johann Jakob Abrell | 1728–1746 |
Josef Langmayr | 1746 |
Bartholomeus Putzer | 1747–1772 |
Johann Georg Putzer | 1772–1786 |
Meran
Hans Säbele | 1488–1509 |
Martin Vogl | 1510 |
Gilg von Rodem | 1510–1515 |
Heinrich Reif | 1515 and 1521–1522 |
Lorenz von Altsee | 1515–1521 |
Heinrich Käser | 1522–1525 |
Jakob Gatz | 1524 |
Hans Schwingsmesser | 1525–1536 |
Theodor Reichl | 1572–1575 |
Johann Peter Vollmar | 1552–1561 |
Klaus Seckler | 1562 |
Melchior Frey | 1563–1572 |
Mattheus Leonhard | 1575–1601 |
Hans Fürst | 1592 |
Georg Fürst | ?–1621 |
Wolfgang Fürst | 1605–1623 |
Wolfgang Helmschmied | 1536–1552 |
Wolfgang Puechamer | 1601–1605 |
Michael Pichler | 1623–1631 |
Leonhard Oberdorfer | 1632–1672 |
Johann Schlechuber | 1672 |
Hans Schwarzhuber | 1673–1675 |
Konrad Leonhard Krieger | 1675–1679 |
Hans Jakob Müller | 1679–1684 |
Franz Wagner | 1684–1690 |
Jakob Fürst | 1690–1694 |
Johann Georg Wacker | 1694–1723 |
Johann Jakob Abrell | 1723–1728 |
Johann Georg Kober | 1728–1748 |
Martin Putzer | 1748–1772 |
Bartholomeus Putzer | 1772–1777 |
Franz Michael Putzer | 1777–1787 |
Salzburg
Franz Joseph Wohlmut | 1757–1817/21 (deceased 1823) |
Steyr
Franz Wurm (hired for one execution in 1934) |
Vienna
Paul ? | ~1463 |
Jörg Carlhofer | ~1486 |
Schrottenbacher family | 1550–1802 |
Joachim Stein | ~1618 |
? Willenbacher | ~1868 (Vienna-Meidling) |
Johann Hamberger | ~1700 |
Johann Georg Hoffmann I. | 1802–1827 |
Simon Abel | 1827–1839 |
? Seyfried | 1829– |
Johann Georg Hoffmann II. | 1839–1865 |
Johann Georg Hoffmann III. | 1865–1874 |
Heinrich Willenbacher | 1874–1894 |
Karl Sellinger | 1862–1899 |
Josef Lang | 1900–1918 |
Johann Lang | 1933–1938 |
Belgium
? Ance | ~1789 (Rochefort) |
Pierre Nieuwland | before 1918 - before 1929 (never executed anyone) |
Brazil
After 1808, during the Portuguese-Brazilian Kingdom (1808–1822) and the Empire (1822–1889), when Brazil's States were still called "Provinces" and the currency was called "Reis", Brazil had factually abolished torture but was a busy death penalty country.
Method of execution was public hanging by an ultra-short drop of approximately 90 cm (2' 9 11/2"), with the executioner, after having activated the trap door or pushed the convict, according to the gallows's structure, climbed a ladder and launched himself rope downwards, hitting on the convict's shoulders with his weight.
Executioners generally were selected among convicts of capital crimes who had their death sentences stayed for indefinite terms or even commuted for life without parole, and who in exchange for their stays or commutations had to carry out the executions ordered by law. Executioners were, whenever possible, selected from among slaves convicted for a capital crime. And except for the province of Rio Grande do Norte, executioners had obligatorily to be of African descent.
As stayed or commuted convicts, executioners consequently lived as inmates in the prisons of the respective towns where they were based. When an execution was to be carried out elsewhere in his area, the executioner would be transported to the place of execution in chains and sleep in the local prison; after an attempt of murder against Fortunato José in 1834, prisons started separating the executioners from other inmates.
In the province of Rio Grande do Norte, the executioner had always to be the convict scheduled to die next after an execution, so that province's last execution had to be carried out by a firing squad, after the necessary emergency change of execution protocol.
In the state of Rio de Janeiro, after Independence September 7, 1822 there were also free executioners of African descent who having to travel around, were reached by couriers with execution orders.
Executioners, also when slaves, were paid for their executions; at the example of the province of Minas Gerais, we can establish payment was between 4$000 and 12$000 (4 Mil-Reis to 12 Mil-Reis) per execution.
The last execution of a free convict in Brazil was that of José Pereira de Sousa October 30, 1861 in Santa Luzia (nowadays Luziânia), GO. The last execution at all under law in Brazil was that of the slave Francisco April 28, 1876 in Pilar, AL.
Brazil abolished capital punishment officially with the Proclamation of the Republic November 15, 1889, and by law with its first Republican Constitution of 1891 and Penal Code of September 22, 1892.
Salvador
José do Egito | 1823 (refused to carry out his first and only execution, had his stay lifted for it and died executed himself) |
Feira de Santana
Joaquim Correia | September 26, 1849 (voluntary executioner, hanged Lucas da Feira; despite white he was allowed to carry out that one since his father, Francisco Correia, had been one of Lucas's victims) |
Fortaleza
Agostinho Viera | April 27, 1825[1] |
Francisco Corrêa Pareça | 1835–1845 (executed the mutineers of Laura II October 22, 1839, in Fortaleza, CE) |
Crato
Cosme Pereira da Silva (nicknamed "Cosme Cavaco") | 1834–1850 |
Sobral
Lourenço Nogueira Campos | 19th Century |
Manuel Preto | 19th Century |
Ouro Preto
Fortunato José | 1833–1874 (carried out some executions the State of Rio de Janeiro either). |
São João del Rei
Antônio Resende | 1833 - after 1848 (executed the Carrancas insurgents in 1833) |
Curitiba
slave Silvério | active in 1854 |
Recife
João Paulo de Sousa (nicknamed"João Paulo Sagaz" and "Boca Negra") | September 16, 1828 (executioner executed January 19, 1829) |
slave Felício (nicknamed: "Farinha Sêca") | February 4, 1832 |
slave Francisco | April 5, 1838 (executioner executed September 5, 1838) |
nicknamed "Macota" | active in 1844 |
Caruaru
Florêncio José Baptista | February 26, 1859 |
Rio de Janeiro
Jerônimo Capitania | active in 1792 - executed Joaquim José da Silva Xavier (Tiradentes) April 21, 1792 |
Ananias | active in 1850 - executed also in Espírito Santo, including two of the Queimado Insurrection leaders, Chico Prego and João da Viúva in Serra, ES |
Porto Alegre
slave Manoel | nominated January 12, 1822, by commutuation of his death sentence |
Canada
André Bernard | 1645 |
"The Drummer" | 1648–1653 |
? | 1653–1665 |
Jacques Daigre | 1665–1680 (last name also given as Daigle) |
Jean Rattier | 1680–1703 |
Jacques Élie | 1703/05–1710 |
Pierre Rattier | 1710–1723 (youngest son of Jean Rattier) |
Gilles Lenoir | 1726–1728 |
Malgein | 1728–1730 (a slave from Martinique) |
Guillaume Langlais | 1730–1733 |
Mathieu Léveillé | 1733–1743 (a slave from Martinique) |
Jean-Baptiste Duclos | 1743–1750 (dit "Saint-Front") |
Jean Corolère | 1751–1752 |
Pierre Gouet | 1754–1755 (nicknamed "Lalime") |
Denis Quévillon | 1755 (his hanging for theft was his successor Montelle's first job) |
Joseph Montelle | 1755-c. 1759 |
John Radclive | 1892–1911 (last name also given as Radcliffe) |
Arthur Ellis | 1912–1935 (Arthur Ellis was the pseudonym of executioner Arthur Bartholomew English) |
"Camille Blanchard" | 1935–1960 (Camille Blanchard was the pseudonym that executioner of Canada used) |
"John Ellis" | 1960–1976 (John Ellis was the pseudonym Canada's last executioner used while interviewed on a TV show) |
China
Hu Xiao | (working in 2011)[2] |
Kingdom of Bohemia / Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic)
Jan Mydlář | 1572–1664 (Prague) |
? Sperling | ~1578 (Brno) |
? Kotzurek | ~1835 (Brno) |
Alois Seyfried | 1848–1849 (died 1869) (Brno, also last executioner for Bosnia and Herzegovina) |
Johann Baptist Pipperger (Jan Křtitel Piperger in Czech) | 1865–1888 (Prague) |
Leopold Wohlschläger | 1888–1927 (Prague) |
? Nehyba | 1927- |
Vladimír Trunda | hangman of Milada Horáková, only the name is known |
František Skořepa | hangman of Rudolf Slánský, only the name is known |
Denmark
Theodor Seistrup | 1881–1901 |
Carl Peter Hermann Christensen | 1906–1929 |
Egypt
Hajj Abd Al-Nabi | (chief executioner; active in 2013) |
Hussein Urni | (district executioner; active in 2013) |
France
Andlau
Philippe Hertrich | 1702–1732 |
Philippe Hertrich | 1732–1767 |
Jean-Gaspard Ostertag | 1767–1780 |
Léopold Ostertag | 1780–1793 |
Benfeld
Jean Ostertag | 1649–1667 |
Jean-Philippe Roch | 1667–1704 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Matthieu Wees | 1704–1737 |
François-Joseph Wees | 1737–1749 |
Bernardswiller
see: Andlau
Bischwiller
Jean-Henri Hermann | 1690–1692 |
Jean-Barthélémy Reuter | 1692–1715 |
Jean-Georges Hermann | 1715–1782 |
Jean-Michel Hermann | 1782–1793 |
Bouquenom
see: Sarre-Union
Bouxwiller
Matthieu Frey | active in 1613 |
Jean Schild | 1641–1644 |
Jean-Valentin Wees | 1644–1676 |
Jean-Philippe Wees | 1676–1689 |
Jean-Jacques Wees | 1689–1696 |
Jean-Georges-Frédéric Wees | 1696–1729 |
Jean-Valentin Wees | 1729–1765 |
Jean-Michel Wees | 1765–1793 |
Brumath
Jean Ostertag | active in 1636 |
Jean-Georges Wees | active in 1665 |
Ulrich Schweitzer | c. 1690 |
Jean-Michel Rhein | 1704–1730 |
Jean-Jacques Rhein | active in 1730 |
Frédéric Rhein | active in 1744 |
Georges-Jacques Grosholtz | active in 1793 |
Châtenois
see: Villé |
Dambach-la-Ville
Jacques Ostertag | active in 1609 |
Jean Ostertag | c. 1630–1667 |
Jean-Jacques Rauch | 1667–1681 |
Jean Halter | 1681–1716 |
Diemeringen
Jean-Nicolas Igel | 1703–1741 |
Elsenheim
see: Ohnenheim
Epfig
Thomas Burckhard | active in 1623 |
Jean Halter | 1716–1750 |
Ignace Halter | 1750–1762 |
Erstein
see: Epfig
Fleckenstein (Lembach)
see: Memmelshoffen
Fouchy
see.: Villé |
Geispolsheim
Jean-Georges Stoeckel | 1705–1723 |
Jean-Georges Stoeckel | 1723–1739 |
Goersdorf
Jean-Henri Hermann | 1660–1692 |
Jean-Henri Hermann | c. 1692–1708 |
Jean-Henri Hermann | c. 1708–1747 |
Jean-Georges Hermann | c. 1747–1754 |
Jean-Michel Hermann | 1754–1761 |
Pierre Hermann | 1761–1767 |
Gougenheim
Jean-Louis Schweitzer | 1689–1733 |
François-Antoine Burck | 1733–1760 |
Ignace-Jonas Rauch | 1760–1793 |
Gumbrechtshoffen
see: Gundershoffen
Gundershoffen
Nicolas Reuter | 1728–1745 |
Philippe Reuter | c. 1745–1766 |
Jean-Louis Reuter | 1766–1787 |
Jean-Louis Reuter | 1787–1793 |
Haguenau
Jean Halter | active in 1587 |
Jean Burckhard | active in 1612 |
Jean-Georges Wees | 1650–1689 |
Jean-Jacques Wees | 1690–1712 |
Philippe Burck | c. 1740–1743 |
Georges-Frédéric Seidler | active in 1776 |
Herrlisheim
Jean-Georges Burckhard | active in 1612 |
Jean-Jacques Lohri | 1697–1717 |
Jean-Martin Rhein | 1717–1735 époux de Barbara LOHR habitaient au "Hundsgalgen" (Chroniques familiales Auguste KOCHER) |
Jean-Valentin Rhein | 1735–1771 nettoyait les prisons en 1774 |
François-Antoine Wees | 1771–1790 |
Arbogast Rhein | 1790–1793 époux de Anne Marie HEITZ, une fille Catherine née en 1791 |
Hochfelden
Jean-Jacques Kirschner | active in 1686 |
Jean-Jacques Burckhard | 1686–1701 |
Jean-Thibaud Stoeckel | 1701–1736/38 |
Jean-Thibaud Stoeckel | 1736/38–1748 |
Georges-Adolphe Burck | 1765–1773 |
Charles-Antoine Burck | 1790–1793 |
Ingwiller
Jean Schild | 1644–1647 |
Jean-Valentin Wees | 1647–1670 (interim; executioner of Bouxwiller) |
Matthieu Schild | 1670–1722 |
Jean-Henri Schild | 1722–1741 |
Jean-Michel Schild | 1741–1763 |
Jean-Michel Schild | 1763–1793 |
La Petite-Pierre
Jean-Pierre Bour | 1739–1763 |
Jean-Pierre Bour | 1763–1782 |
François Rhein | 1782–1793 |
Lalaye
see.: Villé |
Lauterbourg
Steinmayer | c. 1635 |
Jean-Georges Lohri | 1717–1758 |
Maisonsgoutte
see.: Villé |
Marckolsheim
Thomas Burckhard | active in 1623 |
Jacques Bengler | c. 1670 |
Jean-Georges Bengler | active in 1676 |
Jean-Thibaud Bengler | active in 1688 |
Jean-Michel Bengler | active in 1701 |
Jean-Georges Bengler | 1717–1740 |
Marmoutier
Jean-Georges Ittinger | c. 1690 |
Memmelshoffen
Jean-Henri Hirth | active in 1763 |
Molsheim
Jean-Valentin Wees | c. 1635–1644 |
Mommenheim
Jean-Michel Burckhard | 1699–1739 |
Antoine Rhein | 1769–1782 |
Nordhouse
Jean-Martin Rieger | 1688–1713 |
Jean-Henri Rhein | 1713–1732 |
Matthieu Rieger | 1732–1762 |
François-Joseph Rieger | 1762–1793 |
Obernai
Jean Bengler | 1595–1602 |
Michel Furcht | active in 1609 |
Michel Lautenmueller | 1609–1614 |
Pancrace Furcht | 1614–1621 |
Jean Furcht | 1621–1634 |
Jean-Georges Heidenreich | 1634–1643 |
Georges Vollmar | 1643–1657 |
Jean Halter | 1657–1672 |
Matthieu Wees | 1672–1720 |
Christian Wees | 1720–1761 |
Ignace Halter | 1761–1778 |
Jean-Gaspard Ostertag | 1778–1780 |
Léopold Ostertag | 1780–1783 |
Jean-Baptiste Braun | 1783–1793 |
Ohnenheim
Jonas Roch | 1725–1748 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Jean-Georges-Adolphe Roch | 1748–1775 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Gervais Roch | 1775–1793 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Otterswiller
see: Saverne
Petersbach
see: La Petite-Pierre
Reichshoffen
see: Gundershoffen
Reutenbourg
François Rieger | c. 1720–1730 |
François-Adam Rieger | 1730–1744 |
Riedheim
see: Bouxwiller
Sarre-Union
Jean-Frédéric Schaeffer | 1625–1654 |
Claude Urich | 1654–1691 |
Jean-Jacques Grosholtz | 1691–1698 |
Jean-Philippe Schild | 1698–1735 |
Jean-Michel Schild | 1735–1769 |
Pierre Hermann | 1769–1793 |
Saverne
Jean-Georges Burck | 1673–1679 |
Jean-Jacques Rhein | c. 1710–1716 |
Jean-Jacques Rhein | 1716–1750 |
Jean-Georges Rhein | 1750–1793 |
Schopperten
see: Sarre-Union
Sélestat
Ittinger | active in 1595 |
Christian Ittinger | 1658–1675 |
Jean-Henri Burckhard | 1675–1684 |
Jonas Ittinger | 1684–1699 |
Georges-Frédéric Grosholtz | 1699–1701 |
Jonas Felder | c. 1720–1725 |
Jonas Roch | 1725–1748 (last name also given as Rauch) |
François Heidenreich | 1777–1793 |
Strasbourg
Jean Vollmar | 1562–1577 |
Gaspard Immion | 1577–1583 |
Michel Comte | 1583–1587 |
Jean Halter | 1587–1591 |
Jean Ginter | 1612–1628 |
Christian Burckhard | 1631–1670 |
Jean-Michel Grosholtz | 1670–1686 |
Jean-Melchior Grosholtz | 1686–1691 |
Jean-Michel Grosholtz | 1691–1724 |
Jean-Georges Franck | 1724–1756 |
Jean-Joseph Grosholtz | 1756–1761 |
Valentin Grosholtz | 1763–1785 |
Georges-Frédéric Maegert | 1785–1807 |
Georges-Louis Maegert | 1807–1830 |
Georges-Frédéric Maegert | 1830–1849 |
Laurent Bornacini | 1849–1850 |
Surbourg
Jean-Guillaume Stoeckel | 1723–1757 |
Antoine Stoeckel | 1757–1768 |
Villé
Jean-Georges Burckhard | 1687–1705 |
Jean-Conrad Ginter | 1705–1710 |
Melchior Burckhard | 1717–1730 |
Jean-Georges Burckhard | 1730–1732 |
Antoine Ginter | 1732–1746 |
Jean-Michel Ginter | 1746–1747 |
François-Joseph Burckhard | 1747–1748 |
Melchior Rhein | 1748–1787 |
Georges-Frédéric Mengis | 1787–1793 |
Wasselonne
Christian Burckhard | c. 1670–1689 |
Jean-Georges Burckhard | 1689–1700 |
Jean-Nicolas Franck | 1700–1708 |
Jean-Jacques Grosholtz | 1708–1717 |
Jean-Conrad Bauernfeind | 1750–1790 |
Jean Bauernfeind | 1790–1793 |
Westhoffen
see: Wasselonne
Weyersheim
Thibaud Burckhard | active in 1612 |
Georges-Frédéric Burck | 1717–1739 |
Jean-Jacques Reuter | active in 1762 |
Wissembourg
Lazare Wees | active in 1650 |
Jean-Michel Vollmar | 1706–1711 |
Jean-Pierre Steinmayer | active in 1715 |
Altkirch
Georges Fleischmann | active in 1584 |
Erhard Gilg | active in 1624 |
Michel Ginter | active in 1627 |
Jacques Ginter | active in 1630 |
Henri Fleischmann | active in 1636 |
Georges-Frédéric Heidenreich | 1647–1654 |
Matthieu Ostertag | 1654–1694 |
Georges-Adolphe Ostertag | 1694–1730 |
Jean Ortscheid | 1730–1754 |
Jean-Philippe Burck | 1754–1781 |
François-Joseph-Antoine Ostertag | 1781–1793 |
Biesheim
Melchior Ginter | 1688–1714 |
Melchior Ginter | 1714–1737 |
Georges-Frédéric Mengis | active in 1749 |
Protais Roch | 1788–1793 (last name also appears as Rauch) |
Colmar
Jean Heyd | c. 1440 |
Jean Buebe | 1454–1458 |
Henri Schaedel | active in 1474 |
Christian Mueller | 1598–1642 |
Jean-Georges Heidenreich | 1644–1679 |
Melchior Ginter | 1679–1692 |
Georges-Adolphe Heidenreich | 1692–1716 |
Jean-Jacques Ginter | 1716–1722 |
Melchior Ginter | 1722–1733 |
Georges-Frédéric Ginter | 1733–1736 |
Georges-Frédéric Burckhard | 1736–1747 |
Georges-Michel Vollmar | 1747–1754 |
Georges-Frédéric Vollmar | 1754–1764 |
Jean-Jacques Vollmar | 1764–1806 |
Jean-Guillaume Vollmar | 1806–1833 |
Jean Zimber | 1833–1841 |
Matthieu Spirckel | 1841–1847 |
Nicolas Cané | 1847–1870 |
Ensisheim
Ittinger | c. 1650 |
Jean-Georges Mengis | 1671–1693 |
Georges-Melchior Mengis | 1693–1699 |
Jean-Michel Mengis | 1699–1721 |
Pierre Mengis | 1721–1736 |
François-Michel Roth | 1768–1793 |
Ferrette
Jean Gilg | 1570–1582 |
Jean Gilg | 1582–1619 |
Erhard Gillig | 1619–1620 |
Matthieu Mercklen | active in 1628 |
Matthieu Ostertag | 1677–1735 |
Georges-Frédéric Ostertag | 1735–1746 |
Jean-Jacques Comte | 1746–1764 |
François-Oswald Seidler | 1764–1780 |
François-Antoine Comte | 1780–1790 |
Landser
Jean-Erhard Baumert | 1611–1628 |
Thomas Burckhard | 1628–1629 |
Wernhard Grosholtz | 1629–1640 |
Martin Grosholtz | 1640–1653 |
Jean Ostertag | 1653–1717 |
Matthieu Ostertag | 1717–1729 |
Jean-Georges Ostertag | 1729–1736 |
Pierre Mengis | 1736–1753 |
François-Joseph-Antoine Ostertag | 1753–1793 |
Masevaux
Thibaud Lacour | c. 1665 |
Jean-Josse Ostertag | 1680–1685 |
Laurent Ostertag | 1706–1736 |
Jacques-Christophe Ostertag | 1736–1762 |
Georges-Frédéric Seidler | 1762–1769 |
Christophe Ostertag | 1769–1793 |
Morschwiller-le-Bas
see: Mulhouse
Mulhouse
Jean Mennly | c. 1507 |
Guy Bartlin | 1545–1553 |
Barthélémy Iring | 1553–1554 |
Louis Kremer | 1554–1555 |
Jean Waltz | 1555–1560 |
Jean Hummel | 1560–1565 |
Jacques Rueb | 1565–1569 |
Gaspard Fues | 1569–1587 |
Martin Hummel | 1587–1596 |
Ulrich Grosholtz | 1596–1624 |
Jean-Michel Grosholtz | 1624–1637 |
Jérôme Ginter | 1637–1662 |
Christian Burckhard | 1662–1678 |
Christian Burckhard | 1678–1709 |
Jean-Rodolphe Vollmar | 1709–1712 |
Jean-Etienne Hirschfeld | 1712–1735 |
Jean-Henri Naeher | 1735–1764 |
Pierre Mengis | 1753–1764 |
François Mengis | 1764–1775 |
Pierre Mengis | 1775–1793 |
François-Joseph-Pierre-César Mengis | 1793–1798 |
Ribeauvillé
Jean Bardouil | active in 1633 |
Jean-Michel Burckhard | 1660–1697 |
Jean-Georges Burck | 1697–1727 |
Jean-Georges Burck | 1727–1764 |
Jean-Georges Burck | 1764–1790 |
Jean-Georges Burck | 1790–1793 |
Rouffach
Jean-Conrad Ginter | 1600–1615 |
Melchior Ginter | 1615–1634 |
Melchior Ginter | 1634–1649 |
Jean Fuend | 1649–1652 |
Jean-Jacques Ginter | 1652–1653 |
Matthieu Fuend | active in 1653 |
Melchior Ginter | 1653–1681 |
Melchior Ginter | 1681–1714 |
Melchior Ginter | 1714–1733 |
Georges-Frédéric Seidler | 1733–1775 |
Gervais-Frédéric Seidler | 1775–1793 |
Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
see: Ribeauvillé
Thann
Bibwand | c. 1545 |
Balthazar Schaeflein | 1580–1615 |
Balthazar Ginter | 1615–1626 |
Balthazar Schaeflein | 1626–1634 |
Balthazar Schaeflein | 1634–1660 |
Melchior Ginter | 1660–1664 |
Balthazar Schaeflein | 1664–1691 |
Jean-Georges Ostertag | 1691–1718 |
Matthieu Ostertag | 1718–1748 |
Jean-Baptiste Reisser | 1748–1767 |
Jean-Joseph Reisser | 1767–1791 |
Jean-Philippe Ostertag | 1791–1793 |
Traubach (Traubach-le-Bas and Traubach-le-Haut)
Jean-Jacques Ginter | 1679–1686 |
Melchior Burckhard | 1686–1691 |
Christian Burckhard | 1717–1743 |
Jean-Jacques Burckhard | 1750–1767 |
Joseph Ostertag | 1764–1774 |
Jean-Jacques Ostertag | 1774–1793 |
Vieux-Thann
see: Thann
Zimmerbach
Christian Hertrich | active in 1613 |
Périgueux
Matthieu Pradel | 1779–1822 |
Pierre Pradel | 1822–1827 |
Louis-François-Gabriel Deville | 1827–1837 |
Jean-Baptiste Champin | 1837–1839 |
Jean Rascat | 1839–1849 |
Bordeaux
Lauffort | active in 1416 |
Jean Maloizeau | active in 1455 |
Jean Maloizeau | active in 1502 |
Bernard Robert | c. 1525 |
Jansenot de Fousse | active in 1535 |
Jamet de Fousse | active in 1542 |
Pierre de Villac | active in 1542 |
Guichard Deymier | 1549–1552 |
Arnaud de Villac | c. 1562 |
Jacques de Villac | c. 1570 |
Louis Maubert | c. 1580 |
André Chaigneau | active in 1582 |
Pierre de La Boucherie | 1596–1598 |
Pierre Gantet | active in 1665 |
Julien Dupré | 1674–1675 |
Pierre Duret | active in 1675 |
Antoine Royère | active in 1675 |
Arnaud Pignot | 1675–1684 |
Guillaume Lespine | 1684–1685 |
François Marquison | active in 1686 |
Jean Escuvé | 1700–1706 |
Louis Verdier | 1706–1731 |
Pierre Verdier | 1731–1760 |
Jean Faroux | 1760–1780 |
Jean Peyrussan | 1780–1788 |
Jean Peyrussan | 1788–1801 |
Jean Peyrussan | 1801–1809 |
Jean Peyrussan | 1809–1819 |
Jean-Baptiste Scarron | 1819–1821 |
Joseph Sauvage | 1821–1853 |
Henri-Charles Desmorest | 1853–1870 |
Dax
Jean-Louis Hébert | 1792–1795 |
François-Claude Chrétien | 1795–1797 |
Bénigne-Nicolas-François Brochard | 1797–1798 |
Jean Peyrussan | 1798–1806 |
Raymond Peyrussan | 1806–1822 |
François Peyrussan | 1822–1846 |
Jean-Baptiste-Louis Roch | 1846–1849 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Agen
Maurice | c. 1575 |
Jean Gastebois | 1691–1692 |
Jean Rascat | 1784–1788 |
Guillaume Augé | 1788–1793 |
Jean Peyrussan | 1793–1794 |
Pierre Rigal | 1794–1796 |
Joseph Peyrussan | 1796–1802 |
Gilles-François Berger | 1802–1805 |
François Berger | 1805–1808 |
Joseph Pavot | 1808–1827 |
Pierre Berger | 1827–1831 |
Jean-Pierre Étienne | 1831–1839 |
Jean-Baptiste Champin | 1839–1856 |
Vincent Bornacini | 1856–1860 |
Laurent-Désiré Desmorest | 1860–1870 |
Bayonne
Jean Faroux | 1729–1738 |
Vidal | active in 1746 |
Jean-Pierre Peyrussan | 1746–1792 |
Gelpy | 1792–1793 |
Pau
Guillaume Gayme | active in 1463 |
Simon Marensin | 1640–1643 |
Jean Desplats | 1643–1644 |
Henri Dubois | 1653–1660 |
Dubois | active in 1660 |
Antoine Cassou | 1740–1765 |
Jean Cassou | 1765–1780 |
Jean Faroux | 1780–1822 |
Joseph Faroux | 1822–1853 |
Vincent Bornacini | 1853–1856 |
Joseph Rascat | 1856–1870 |
Moulins
Jérôme Bodin | 1762–1767 |
Jean Desfourneaux | active in 1767 |
Jean-Baptiste Jean | 1793–1828 |
Jacques-Christophe Gruneisen | 1828–1841 (his last name is also rendered as Grinheiser) |
Louis-Jacques-Eugène Gruneisen | 1841–1849 (his last name is also rendered as Grinheiser) |
Aurillac
Jean Robertie | 1716–1750 |
Jean Robertie | 1750–1761 |
Antoine-Michel Foyez | 1761–1763 |
André-Joseph Foyez | 1763–1793 |
Joseph Foyez | 1793–1795 |
Saint-Flour
Tourette | active in 1790 |
Jean Foyez | 1790–1823 |
André-Joseph Foyez | 1823–1835 |
Bernard Gatheuil | 1835–1836 |
Joseph-Antoine Deibler | 1836–1853 |
Le-Puy-en-Velay
Jean Lacroix | 1780–1789 |
François Faroux | 1800–1802 |
Claude Hermann | 1802–1815 |
Nicolas Hermann | 1815–1842 |
Eloi-Désiré Hermann | 1842–1850 |
Clermont-Ferrand (former Clermont-d'Auvergne)
Jean Dubois | c. 1720 |
Pierre Dubois | 1730–1749 |
Geniès Armilhon | 1749–1764 |
Martin Courtois | 1764–1789 |
Frédéric Courtois | 1789–1790 |
Simon Jean | 1790–1791 |
Riom
Simon Jean | 1791–1798 |
Michel Benoist | 1798–1803 |
François Étienne | active in 1843 |
Bayeux
Charles-Louis Jouenne | 1774–1776 |
Caen
Nicolas-Jean Jouenne | 1621–1633 |
Nicolas-Robert Jouenne | 1663–1692 |
Nicolas Férey | 1727–1738 |
Charles-François Jouenne | 1738–1748 |
Charles-Lubin Jouenne | 1748–1776 |
Nicolas-François Férey | 1761–1763 |
Charles-Louis Jouënne | 1776–1820 |
Charles-Nicolas-Lubin Jouënne | 1820–1840 |
Matthieu Spirckel | 1840–1841 |
Nicolas Wolff | 1841–1847 (from 1847 to 1855 executioner of Alger, Algeria) |
Joseph Baroux | 1847–1849 |
Eugène Ganié | 1849–1850 |
Louis-Jacques-Eugène Gruneisen | 1850–1870 (his name also appears as Grinheiser) |
Falaise
Jean Bouëtard | 1724–1748 |
Jean Bouëtard | 1748–1755 |
Etienne Martin | 1755–1770 |
Charles-Louis Jouenne | 1770–1793 |
Nicolas-Richard Jouenne | 1770–1793 |
Lisieux
Guillaume Dubut | active in 1440 |
Orbec
Pierre Barbon | 1735–1742 |
Nicolas Férey | active in 1742 |
Nicolas Férey | 1742–1754 |
Charles Lacaille | 1754–1760 |
Pont-l'Évêque
Thomas Lacaille | 1725–1731 |
Charles Lacaille | 1731–1754 |
Michel-Jean Martin | 1787–1793 |
Vire
François Férey | active in 1725 |
Avranches
Lubin Vallet | 1717–1719 |
Joseph Morin | active in 1719 |
Coutances
Jean Gerbault | active in 1589 |
Mathurin Vallet | 1682–1710 |
Lubin Vallet | 1710–1717 |
François Férey | 1717 |
Charles Morin | 1717–1727 |
Nicolas-François Férey | 1750–1760 |
Charles-Jean-Baptiste Sénéchal | 1760–1761 |
Charles-Lubin Jouënne | 1761–1775 |
Charles-Louis Jouënne | 1775–1794 |
Charles Lacaille | 1794–1807 |
François-Lubin Desmorest | 1807–1849 |
Saint-Lô
Pierre Martin | 1730–1739 |
Étienne Martin | 1739–1755 |
Pierre Martin | 1739–1770 |
Maurice Lantier | active in 1789 |
Alençon
François Corneillet | 1718–1731 |
Michel-Louis Bouëtard | active in 1731 |
Jacques-Michel Bouëtard | 1774–1793 |
Michel Bouëtard | 1774–1793 |
Pierre-Denis Ganié | 1793–1810 |
Louis Filliaux | 1810–1821 |
Joseph Ganié | 1821–1849 |
Bellême
Mortagne-au-Perche
Nicolas Durand | 1730–1738 |
Michel Durand | 1738–1741 |
Jean-Joseph Durand | 1738–1786 |
Michel Durand | 1780–1786 |
Pierre-Denis Ganié | 1786–1793 |
Nicolas-Lubin Jouenne | 1786–1788 |
Beaune
Pierre Minard | active in 1574 |
Morlot | active in 1575 |
Damien Tombereau | active in 1582 |
Jean Pancquotet | active in 1584 |
Dijon
Jean Blaigny | 1416–1417 |
Arny Signart | active in 1430 |
Étienne Poisson | 1465–1470 |
Jean Larmite | 1470–1473 |
Jean Dupoix | 1473–1478 |
Jean Minot | 1478–1487 |
Thomas Regnault | 1487–1490 |
Joseph Blanchet | 1487–1490 |
Jean Alory | 1490–1493 |
Jean Blanleu | 1493–1520 |
Jean Beurey | 1520–1524 |
Vincent Rapeneaul | 1524–1536 |
Pierre Berbier | 1536–1538 |
Pierre Dufresne | 1538–1545 |
Sylvestre Champonnet | 1545–1546 |
Jacques Silvestre | 1546–1558 |
Hilaire Benoist | 1558–1568 |
Claude Tussault | 1568–1572 |
Pierre Fleuriet | 1572–1593 |
Claude Chrétien | 1607–1611 |
Jacques Brun | 1610–1611 |
Jean Chrétien | 1611–1615 |
Simon Grandjean | 1615–1625 (lynched together with his wife in the end of a botched beheading) |
Gaspard Perrier | 1637–1647 |
Perrot-Morisot | 1647–1660 |
Jacques Champion | 1660–1671 |
Antoine Petit | 1671–1680 |
Jacques Drouot | 1680–1695 |
Matthieu Champion | 1695–1698 |
Nicolas Vallot | 1698–1710 |
Jean Champion | 1710–1720 |
Jean Griveau | 1720–1724 |
Joeph Gerboin | 1724–1729 |
Pierre Champion | 1729–1741 |
Martin Chefdeville | 1741–1745 |
Martin Millot | 1745–1748 |
François Montagne | 1748–1759 |
Claude-Laurent Chrétien | 1759–1763 |
François Chefdeville | 1763–1794 |
Nicolas-François Férey | 1794–1797 |
Louis-Gabriel Bellat | 1797 |
Philibert-Joseph Vermeille | 1797–1799 |
Paul Martinet | 1799–1801 |
Louis-Charles-Martin Sanson | 1801–1808 |
Louis-Antoine-Stanislas Desmorest | 1808–1823 |
Joseph-Antoine Deibler | 1823–1827 |
Charles-Louis Lacaille | 1827–1839 |
François-Joseph Desmorest | 1839 |
Dominique Martinet | 1839–1841 |
Henri-Charles Desmorest | 1841 |
Nicolas Chtarque | 1841–1844 |
François Étienne | 1844–1870 |
Semur-en-Auxois
Gaspard Perrier | 1630–1637 |
Nevers
Jean Chasteau | active in 1522 |
Jean de Norry | 1668–1677 |
Georges Brunet | 1677–1710 |
Pierre Bellin | 1710–1712 |
Gabriel Amariton | 1712–1721 |
Jean Bodin | 1743–1750 |
Louis Remon | 1750–1752 |
Pierre Gilles | 1752–1760 |
Joseph Tisserand | 1760–1761 |
Jean Tisserand | 1761–1805 |
Laurent Pourra | 1805–1815 |
François Étienne | 1815–1835 |
François Étienne | 1835–1843 |
Antoine Étienne | 1843–1845 |
? Palle | 1845–1849 |
Autun
Jacques Brun | active in 1610 |
Châlon-sur-Saône
Jacques Quantin | c. 1645 |
Matthieu Champion | 1690–1695 |
Pierre Champion | 1695–1721 |
François Champion | 1721–1745 |
Pierre Champion | 1745–1750 |
Pierre Henry | 1750–1762 |
Lafrance | 1762–1764 |
Claude-Laurent Chrétien | 1764–1770 |
Quentin Brochard | 1770–1793 |
Claude-Antoine Chrétien | 1793–1804 |
François-Joseph Heidenreich | c. 1806 |
Mâcon
Denis Gromon | active in 1610 |
Jean Thévenet | active in 1714 |
Auxerre
Claude Martigny | c. 1600–1610 |
Joseph Gerboin | 1716–1717 |
Jean Hérisson | 1717–1733 |
Jean Brochard | 1733–1758 |
Nicolas Brochard | 1758–1787 |
Henri Bickler | 1787–1807 |
Louis-Antoine-Stanislas Desmorest | 1807–1808 |
Louis-Charles-Martin Sanson | 1808–1812 |
Pierre-Nicolas Jouenne | 1812–1822 |
Pierre-Joseph Doubleau | 1822–1849 |
Sens
Jean Le Nain | 1577–1580 |
Claude Nignet | active in 1598 |
Jean Doubleau | 1660–1680 |
Pierre Doubleau | 1680–1715 |
Charles Brochard | 1715–1722 |
Nicolas Brochard | 1722–1727 |
Pierre Daucourt | 1727–1732 |
Jacques Tisserand | 1732–1734 |
Joseph Doubleau | 1734–1746 |
Jean Brochard | 1746–1758 |
Jean-Charles Brochard | 1758–1793 |
Saint-Brieuc
Charles-Lubin Lacaille | 1792–1822 |
Auguste Gassouin | 1822–1840 |
Charles-Marie-Louis Lacaille | 1840–1842 |
Jacques-Henri Ganié | 1842–1845 |
Joseph Ganié | 1845–1853 |
Quimper
Jacques Le Glaouer | 1712–1759 |
Jean Le Glaouer | 1759–1773 |
Maurice Le Glaouer | 1773–1793 |
Hervé Le Glaouer | 1793–1804 |
François Lacaille | 1804–1805 |
Paul Miraucourt | 1805 |
Georges Miraucourt | 1805–1807 |
Hervé-Joseph Le Glaouer | 1807–1815 |
Jean-Baptiste Michel | 1815–1817 |
Laurent Rhein | 1817–1821 |
Germain Benoist | 1821–1823 |
Claude-François Desmorest | 1823–1849 |
Rennes
Cousinet | c. 1617 |
Étienne Normandeau | 1700–1723 |
Jean Verdier | 1723–1730 |
Jacques Ganié | 1730–1752 |
François-Thomas Férey | 1752–1757 |
Jacques-Joseph Ganié | 1757–1786 |
François-Joseph Férey | 1786–1792 |
Gabriel-Joseph Dupuy | 1792–1815 |
Henri Bickler | 1815–1852 |
Jean-Emile Grosholtz | 1852–1853 |
Joseph-Antoine Deibler | 1853–1863 |
Louis-Antoine-Stanislas Deibler | 1863–1871 (after 1871 the executioner of the republic in Paris) |
Vannes
François Guay | active in 1653 |
Pierre Tillard | active in 1657 |
Gervais Judic | active in 1686 |
François Guay | active in 1693 |
Jean Verdier | active in 1686 |
Pierre Ganié | active in 1736 |
Jacques Verdier | 1752–1753 |
François Prudhomme | 1753–1764 |
Jean Verdier | 1764–1770 |
Charles-François Prudhomme | 1770–1777 |
Louis-François Prudhomme | 1777–1779 |
Charles-François Prudhomme | 1777–1813 |
Charles-Louis Prudhomme | 1777–1813 |
François Ganié | 1841–1849 |
Bourges
Pierre Mayet | 1656–1662 |
Blaise Thiéry | 1662–1681 |
Michel de Larousse | 1681–1690 |
Jean Bessois | 1690–1699 |
Jean Brunet | 1699–1707 |
Michel Brunet | 1707–1719 |
François Adam | 1719–1739 |
Charles Esnault | 1739–1742 |
Pierre Desfourneaux | 1742–1769 |
Jacques Desfourneaux | 1769–1779 |
François Desfourneaux | 1779–1788 |
Ulrich Fischer | 1788–1829 |
Pierre-Etienne Fischer | 1829–1841 |
Christophe-Henri Desmorest | 1841–1849 |
Vierzon
Georges Aurillault | 1624–1627 |
Claude Aurillault | 1627–1635 |
Hubert Bouard | 1636–1691 |
Jean de Larousse | 1691–1696 |
Claude Esnault | 1696–1698 |
Charles Esnault | 1698–1706 |
Jean Desfourneaux | 1706–1747 |
Jean Desfourneaux | 1747–1755 |
François Desfourneaux | 1755–1792 |
Bonneval
Robert Divray | active in 1584 |
Chartres
Robert Beaufils | active in 1581 |
Jean Baudry | c. 1600 |
Lubin Baudry | 1604–1627 |
Lubin Baudry | 1627–1647 |
Pierre Corneillet | 1647–1657 |
Nicolas Le Vavasseur | 1672–1681 |
Antoine-François Deville | 1781–1808 |
François-Eloi Deville | 1808–1826 |
Jean-Eloi Deville | 1826–1846 |
Henri-François Deville | 1846–1849 |
Châteaudun
Guillaume Artus | 1496–1497 |
Jacques Fulbert | 1556–1557 |
Yves Tontonnay | active in 1564 |
Jacques Guictray | 1577–1580 |
Joachim Guictray | 1582–1584 |
Michel Leliepvre | 1602–1616 |
Jacques Landeau | 1625–1629 |
Laurent Landeau | 1629–1651 |
Louis Landeau | 1651–1663 |
Nicolas Brunet | 1663–1686 |
Claude Esnault | 1686–1691 |
François Tardiveau | 1691–1714 |
Aignan Proust | 1714–1744 |
Jean-Baptiste Proust | 1744–1772 |
Nicolas-Jean-Baptiste Étienne | 1772–1793 |
Châteauroux
Pierre Desfourneaux | 1792–1834 |
Jacques Cané | 1834–1849 (last name also rendered as Canin) |
François-Joseph Desmorest | active in 1837 |
Issoudun
Charles Esnault | 1706–1718 |
Matthieu de Larousse | 1718–1735 |
Louis-Pierre Hébert | 1735–1749 |
Gilbert-Matthieu de Larousse | 1749–1752 |
Louis-Charles Hébert | 1749–1752 |
Charles-François de Vallereau | 1752–1760 |
François Desfourneaux | 1760–1792 |
Amboise
Jacques Berger | 1690–1722 |
Jacques Berger | 1722–1744 |
Martin Berger | 1744–1760 |
Gilles-François-Nicolas-Martin Berger | 1783–1793 |
Chinon
René Condenay | 1680–1700 |
Jean Condenay | 1700–1711 |
Louis Duchesne | 1711–1718 |
Michel Clément | 1718–1720 |
Louis Ayrault | 1720–1730 |
Etienne Robert | 1730–1735 |
Jacques-Bernard Lefébure | 1735–1738 |
Gilles Férey | 1738–1753 |
Jean-Louis Ayrault | 1762–1783 |
Gilles-François Berger | 1783–1793 |
L'Île-Bouchard
see: Chinon
Loches
Étienne-Louis Normandeau | 1730–1740 |
Jean Bodin | 1740–1743 |
Vincent Jamet | 1743–1754 |
Jean-Louis Ayrault | 1754–1758 |
Quentin Brochard | 1762–1770 |
Claude-Henri Chrétien | 1772–1789 |
François-Claude Chrétien | 1789–1793 |
Tours
Denis | 1461–1488 |
Jacques Lefébure | 1640–1654 |
François Berger | 1654–1690 |
Jacques Berger | 1690–1722 |
Antoine Berger | 1722–1744 |
Gilles-François-Nicolas Berger | 1744–1768 |
Louis-Charles-Martin Sanson | 1768–1795 |
Pierre-François-Etienne Desmorest | 1795–1830 |
François-Louis-Henri Desmorest | 1830–1849 |
Blois
Guillaume Guillard | 1373–1374 |
Laurent Robert | c. 1600 |
Blaise Robert | 1609–1649 |
Jean Robert | 1649–1665 |
Louis Robert | 1665–1667 |
Nicolas Esnault | 1667–1698 |
Jean Berger | 1698–1710 |
Jean Berger | 1710–1718 |
Jean de Larousse | 1718–1721 |
François Trémont | 1721–1761 |
Pierre-André-Louis Desmorest | active in 1761 |
Joseph Doubleau | 1761–1795 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Sanson | 1795–1799 |
Joseph Doubleau | 1799–1800 |
Charles-Louis Férey | 1800–1826 |
André-Louis Férey | 1826–1832 |
Charles-François Desfourneaux | 1832–1849 |
Romorantin-Lanthenay
Louis Landeau | 1655–1663 |
Vendôme
Guillaume Landeau | 1600–1629 |
Jacques Landeau | 1629–1640 |
Louis Landeau | 1640–1692 |
Pierre Trémont | 1692–1747 |
Henri-Pierre Trémont | 1747–1756 |
François Brunet | 1756–1775 |
François Montagne | 1775–1793 |
Gien
Louis Macé | 1582–1583 |
Charles Brochard | 1715–1722 |
Jean Brochard | 1722–1745 |
Pierre Tapetoux | 1745–1789 |
Nicolas-Jean-Baptiste Étienne | 1789–1793 |
Montargis
Joseph Gerboin | 1704–1717 |
Georges Hérisson | 1717–1718 |
Jean Berger | 1718–1720 |
Jean Hérisson | 1720–1727 |
René Berger | 1727–1733 |
Louis-François Hébert | 1797–1801 |
Orléans
Pierre Robert | c. 1430 |
Jean Legros | c. 1600 |
Matthieu Legros | active in 1627 |
Simon Boudineau | 1648–1656 |
Jacques Leroy | 1656–1658 |
Nicolas Martinot | 1658–1670 |
Louis Tardiveau | 1670–1699 |
Jean Desmorest | 1699–1700 |
Louis Tardiveau | 1700–1707 |
Michel Tardiveau | 1707–1715 |
Henri Tardiveau | 1715–1735 |
François Tardiveau | 1735–1736 |
Aignan Proust | 1736–1740 |
Nicolas Berger | 1740–1758 |
Henri-Alexis Tardiveau | 1758–1771 |
Pierre-François Étienne | 1771–1789 |
Charles-François Férey | 1789–1820 |
Gabriel-Auguste Desmorest | 1820–1870 |
Sedan
Pierre Barbier | 1690–1722 |
Pierre Barbier | 1722–1727 |
Jean Barbier | 1727–1731 |
Simon Barbier | 1731 |
Pierre Barbier | 1731–1773 |
Simon Barbier | 1773–1779 |
Jean-François Barbier | 1779–1828 |
Pierre Barbier | 1779–1828 |
François Barbier | 1828–1841 |
Philippe Wolff | 1841–1842 |
Christophe Reine | 1842–1849 (his last name also appears as Rhein) |
Troyes
Guillaume | active in 1432 |
Maigret | active in 1571 |
Maxime Doublot | 1710–1715 |
Nicolas L'Arné | 1715–1729 |
Antoine Doublot | 1729–1736 |
Hubert Doublot | 1736–1750 |
Jean Doublot | 1750–1761 |
François Blondeau | 1761–1770 |
Jean-Baptiste Doublot | 1770–1787 |
Louis-Michel Olivier | 1787–1823 |
Joseph-Nicolas Fauconnier | 1823–1841 |
Châlons-en-Champagne
Louis Saffret | 1606–1628 |
Séverin Saffret | 1628–1632 |
Pierre Lévesque | 1632–1638 |
Louis Saffret | 1638–1643 |
Jean Saffret | 1667–1679 |
Jacques Jean | 1679–1688 |
Jacques Michelin | 1688–1702 |
Pierre Daniel | 1702–1709 |
Nicolas Desmorest | 1709–1730 |
Simon Desmorest | 1730–1742 |
Jean Desmorest | 1742–1777 |
Jean-Baptiste Desmorest | 1777–1780 |
Jean-Simon Desmorest | 1780–1793 |
Chatillon-sur-Marne
Simon Jean | 1770–1780 |
Simon-Hippolyte Desmorest | 1780–1788 |
Épernay
Claude Belleville | active in 1629 |
Antoine Guibourg | 1683–1702 |
Simon Hébert | 1702–1730 |
Charles Jouënne | 1730–1736 |
Martin Jean | 1736–1740 |
Simon Jean | 1740–1752 |
François-Hippolyte Desmorest | 1752–1788 |
Simon-Hippolyte Desmorest | 1788–1793 |
Reims
Pierre Lormant | active in 1684 |
Charles Michelin | 1692–1698 |
Pierre Daniel | 1698–1702 |
Pierre Daniel | 1723–1726 |
Charles-François Jouenne | 1726–1735 |
Pierre Daniel | 1735–1738 |
Louis-Adam Hébert | 1738–1743 |
Jean-Louis Hébert | 1743–1744 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Sanson | 1744–1770 |
Jean-Louis Sanson | 1770–1793 |
Jean-Simon Desmorest | 1793–1798 |
Jean-Louis Desmorest | 1798–1828 |
François-Louis Desmorest | 1828–1853 |
Vitry-le-François
Louis Saffret | active in 1628 |
Louis Saffret | active in 1688 |
Jean-Baptiste Barré | 1688–1693 |
Jacques Jean | 1693–1725 |
Martin Jean | 1725–1733 |
Louis Guitton | 1733–1743 |
Jean-Pierre-Henri Dalembourg | 1743–1745 |
Nicolas Dalembourg | 1745–1747 |
Jean-Baptiste Desmorest | 1747–1774 |
Jean-Baptiste Desmorest | 1774–1793 |
Bourmont
Jean Chrétien | 1731–1735 |
Claude Bour | 1735–1737 |
Léopold Bour | 1737–1771 |
Claude-Charles Bour | 1771–1793 |
Chaumont
Pierre Daucourt | 1693–1732 |
Jean Gueldre | 1732–1760 |
Henri Gueldre | 1760–1805 |
Nicolas Cané | 1805–1825 |
François Cané | 1825–1835 |
Langres
Simon Grandjean | active in 1615 |
Rémi Henry | 1717–1721 |
Michel Henry | 1721–1729 |
Robert Daucort | 1729–1732 |
Joseph Tisserand | 1732–1757 |
Claude-Michel Chrétien | 1757–1793 |
Corse
With a four-year delay in 1875 also Corsica was integrated into the area of the executioner of the republic's activity; see: Monsieur de Paris For the different department numbers, before 1976 Corsica used to be one department only and was codenumbered with 20 by then.
Ajaccio
René Giudici | 1799–1800 (his last name is also rendered as René Jugé) |
Jean-François Hermann | 1803–1804 |
Bernardin Porro | 1804–1806 |
Dominique Paglia | 1806–1808 |
Antoine Vollmar | 1808–1809 |
Jean Peyrussian | 1809–1812 |
Bastia
Jean-Pierre Combé | 1805–1809 |
François Étienne | 1809–1813 |
Louis Simaliot | 1813–1826 |
Jean-Baptiste Simaliot | 1826–1840 |
Michel Porro | 1840–1851 |
Antoine-François-Balthazar Porro | 1851–1852 |
Louis-Marie Douran | 1852–1853 |
Vincent Bornacini | 1853 |
Louis-Henri Desmorest | 1853–1873/74 |
Désiré Herman | 1873/74–1875 |
Besançon
Jean-Jacques Karpf | active in 1718 |
Nicolas-François Dupuy | 1762–1765 |
Claude-Antoine Chrétien | 1765–1794 |
Nicolas Hermann | 1794–1809 |
François Étienne | 1809 |
Jean-Pierre Urich | 1809–1846 |
Jean-Georges Burck | 1846–1849 |
François-Ferréol Pierrot | 1849–1858 |
Jacques-Henri Ganié | 1858–1862 |
Georges-Louis-Gustave Pierrot | 1862–1870 |
Blamont
Joachim Fleurdelis | 1685–1686 |
Joseph Denthe | 1686–1695 |
Melchior Ginter | 1754–1760/61 |
Montbéliard
Jacques Fleurdelis | 1615–1627 |
Jacques Fleurdelis | 1642–1670 |
Jean Fleurdelis | 1670–1680 |
Jacques Fleurdelis | 1680–1700 |
Pierre Fleurdelis | 1700–1729 |
Pierre Fleurdelis | 1729–1749 |
Gaspard Boilley | 1749–1768 |
Pierre Fleurdelis | 1768–1793 |
Dole
Désiré Giboz | 1792–1794 |
Lons-le-Saunier
Désiré Giboz | 1794–1803 |
Jean-Baptiste Cané | 1803–1827 |
Germain Burck | 1827–1838 (last name sometimes written Purgy) |
François-Joseph Desmorest | 1838–1849 |
Nicolas Roch | 1849–1851 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Vesoul
Claude-Laurent Chrétien | 1793–1805 |
Nicolas Pierrot | 1805–1823 |
François-Ferréol Pierrot | 1823–1849 |
Belfort
Joseph Comte | c. 1650 |
Joseph Comte | 1668–1726 |
Nicolas-Antoine Comte | 1726–1739 |
Jean-Pierre Comte | 1739–1780 |
Jean-Pierre-Nicolas Comte | 1780–1793 |
Faverois
Pancrace | 1648–1656 |
Jean Fleury | active in 1665 |
Laurent Lacour | 1665–1672 |
Martin Lacour | 1672–1674 |
Ehrard Lacour | 1682–1716 |
Jean-Georges Lacour | 1716–1739 |
Jean-Georges Reichlin | 1739–1752 |
Jean-Georges Lacour | 1752–1793 |
Grandvillars
Joachim Comte | 1673–1725 |
Jean-François Comte | 1725–1744 |
Jean Fleurdelis | 1744–1781 |
Montreux
Jacques Denthe | c. 1670–1674 |
Jean-Georges Denthe | 1674–1725 |
Évreux
Robert Le Vavasseur | 1598–1618 |
Etienne Le Vavasseur | 1626–1649 |
Louis Le Vavasseur | 1649–1658 |
François Le Vavasseur | 1675–1681 |
Nicolas Le Vavasseur | 1681–1687 |
Lubin Jouenne | 1687–1700 |
Lubin Jouenne | 1720–1725 |
Louis Jouenne | 1725–1737 |
Jean-Baptiste Sénéchal | 1725–1737 |
Nicolas-Louis Jouenne | 1737–1750 |
Nicolas-Lubin Jouenne | 1737–1758 |
Nicolas-Louis Jouenne | 1758–1780 |
Nicolas-Louis Jouenne | 1784–1802 |
André-Thomas Férey | 1810–1824 |
Amand Leroy | 1824–1844 |
Louis-Marie-Dauphin Benoist | 1844 |
Raymond Peyrussan | 1844–1846 |
Louis-Julien-Fortuné Leroy | 1846–1849 |
Gisors
Jean-Baptiste Carlier | 1712–1733 |
Georges Carlier | 1733–1741 |
Michel Durand | 1741–1765 |
Jean-Louis Olivier | 1765–1794 |
Pont-Audemer
Lubin Jouenne | 1700–1722 |
Lubin Vallet | 1722–1727 |
François Férey | 1727–1735 |
Nicolas Férey | 1735–1738 |
François Férey | 1738–1742 |
François-Charles-Gabriel Férey | 1742–1769 |
Maixent-François Férey | 1769–1785 |
François-Joseph Férey | 1769–1791 |
Caudebec-en-Caux
Nicolas Jouenne | active in 1202 (last name also given as Jouhanne) |
? Jouenne | mentioned in 1380–1384 (last name also given as Jouhanne, nicknamed "Jouhanne-Justice) |
Martin Lecupeur | 1384–1409 |
? Marescot | c. 1450 |
Robin Jouenne | active in 1460 |
Guillaume Jouenne | active in 1507 |
Pierre Jouenne | active in 1675 |
? Dumontier | active in 1706–1710 |
Jacques Dubourg | 1710–1713 |
Charles Dubourg | 1713–1719 |
Martin Rossignol | 1719–1723 |
Nicolas-François Damonville | 1723–1738 |
Nicolas Férey | 1738–1742 |
François-Thomas Férey | 1742–1770 |
Charles Férey | 1742–1770 |
Charles-Lubin Jouenne | 1770–1776 |
Nicolas-Richard Jouenne | 1776–1787 |
Michel-Jean Leroy | 1787–1793 |
Dièppe
Pierre Jouenne | −1662 (last name also referred to as Juoanne) |
Charles Sanson | 1662- |
Pierre Jouenne | active in 1675 (last name also referred to as Juoanne) |
Nicolas Férey | active in 1738 |
Charles Jouenne | active in 1780 |
Rouen
Simon Dailly | c. 1400 |
Geoffroy Thérage | 1406/07–1432 (or after; executed Jeanne d'Arc; last name also rendered as Thiérache) |
Pierre Lecomte | active in 1607 |
Pierre Jouenne | 1660–1681 |
Guillaume Malloeuvre | 1681–1688 |
Nicolas Le Vavasseur | 1688–1694 |
Martin Le Vavasseur | 1694–1703 |
Jean-Baptiste Morin | 1703–1704 |
Lubin Jouenne | 1704–1724 |
Jean-Baptiste Sénéchal | 1724–1725 |
Nicolas Férey | 1725–1735 |
Charles Férey | 1735–1796 |
Nicolas-François Férey | 1735–1750 |
François-Thomas Férey | 1735–1782 |
Charles-André-Louis Férey | 1796–1811 |
Charles-André Férey | 1811–1847 |
Jean-François Heidenreich | 1847–1848 |
? Rhein | 1848–1870 |
Prévoté de l'Hôtel du Roi
Etienne Lebré | active in 1417 |
Fleurant | - 1516 |
Macé | active in 1523 |
Jean Guillaume | 1590–1594 |
Denis Corneillet | 1594–1616 |
Henriet Cousin | mid-17th century |
Oudet Barré | 1653–1671 |
Prévoté de Paris
Thévenot | 1278–1320 (last name also given as Estevenot) |
Nicolas | 1322–1358 |
Colart Provignon | 1358 or after - c. 1380 or before |
Pierre Dupré | c. 1380 - c. 1400, active in 1383 (last name also written as du Pré) |
Geoffroy | 1407–1411/13 (name also appears as Guieffroy) |
Capeluche | 1411/13–1418 (before being executed in 1418 or 1419, Capeluche trained his executioner himself) |
Jean Tiphaine | active in 1418 |
Colin Foucher | active in 1445 |
Henri Cousin | 1460 - before 1477 |
Jean Cousin | - 1477 |
Pierre Philippart | c. 1478 |
Tristan | active in 1484 |
Jacques Dulac | active in 1502 |
Robin Serre | active in 1507 |
Jacquet | 1507 |
Florent Bazard | 1507–1516 (his last name also appears as Bazart; lynched after a botched execution) |
Rotillon | 1516–1529 |
Pierre Pommerelle | 1529-? |
Macé | 1543–1553 |
Jean Rozeau | 1555/58–1594 |
Jean Guillaume | 1594–1620 |
Jean Guillaume | 1620–1666 |
François Guillaume | 1666–1672 |
Antoine de France | 1672–1674 |
André Guillaume | 1674–1682 |
Jean Carlié | 1682–1687 |
Nicolas Levasseur | 1687–1688 (his last name also appears as Le Vavasseur) |
Charles-Louis Sanson | 1688–1699 (de facto) / 1703 (official) |
Charles Sanson | 1699 (de facto)/1707 (official)-1726 |
François Prudhomme | 1726–1739 (interim executioner) |
Charles-Jean-Baptiste Sanson | 26 (official)/1739 (de facto)–1754 (de facto)/1766/1778 (official) |
Charles-Henri Sanson | 1754 (de facto)/1766/1778 (official)-1795 (de facto)/1804 (official) |
Henri Sanson | 1795 (de facto)/1804 (official)-1840 |
Henry-Clément Sanson | 1840–1847 (he was an inveterate abolitionist) |
Charles-André Férey | 1847–1849 |
Jean-François Heidenreich | 1849–1871 |
Meaux
Pierre Corneillet | 1648–1660 |
André Guillaume | 1660–1665 |
Denis Barré | 1665–1680 |
Louis Hébert | 1680–1709 |
Pierre Daniel | 1709–1723 |
Louis-François Hébert | 1723–1724 |
Louis-Adam Hébert | 1724–1738 |
Jean-Louis Hébert | 1738–1743 |
Louis-Adam Hébert | 1743–1761 |
Louis-Adam Hébert | 1761–1770 |
Jean-Louis Hébert | 1770–1793 |
Melun
Jean Hérisson | c. 1765–1787 |
Georges Hérisson | 1687–1716 |
Georges Hérisson | 1716–1721 |
Georges-René Hérisson | 1721–1723 |
Georges Hérisson | 1723–1727 |
Antoine-Pierre Dubut | 1727 |
Jean Hérisson | 1727–1746 |
Pierre Hérisson | 1746–1787 |
Pierre-André-Louis Desmorest | 1787–1788 |
Nicolas-Lubin Jouenne | 1788–1826 |
Nicolas-Placide Doubleau | 1826–1849 |
Provins
Robert Sénécart | -1571 |
Jean Hérisson | 1740–1742 |
Jean Pichon | 1742–1762 |
Jean-Rémi Pichon | 1762–1768 |
Louis-Cyr-Charlemagne Sanson | 1768–1789 |
André-Thomas Férey | 1789–1793 |
Mantes
Michel Le Vavasseur | 1625–1631 |
Jean Bouëtard | active in 1689 |
Nicolas Le Marchand | 1689–1722 |
Nicolas Le Marchand | 1722–1737 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Le Marchand | 1737–1755 |
Michel Durand | 1755–1780 |
Louis-Michel Olivier | 1780–1788 |
Pierre-André-Louis Olivier | 1780–1793 |
Meulan
see: Mantes
Montfort-l'Amaury
Jean Bouëtard | c. 1670 |
Versailles (Prévoté de l'Hôtel du Roi)
Robert Anise | 1671–1680 |
Robert Le Marchand | 1680–1690 |
Jean Carlier | 1690–1733 |
François Prudhomme | 1733–1749 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Sanson | 1749−1778 |
Charles-Henri Sanson | 1778–1788 |
Louis-Cyr-Charlemagne Sanson | 1788–1794 |
Prévôté de Versailles
Louis-Jean Dupuy | 1794–1795 |
Jean Boursier | 1795–1808 |
François-Nicolas Férey | 1808–1817 |
Jean-Baptiste Scarron | 1817–1819 |
Germain Benoist | 1819–1821 |
Laurent Rhein | 1821–1846 |
Jean-Henri Rhein | 1846–1849 |
Dourdan
see: Étampes
Étampes
Léonard Leprince | 1549–1556 |
David Devoire | 1598–1623 |
Jean Duchamp | active in 1641 |
Jean Berger | 1662–1677 |
François Berger | 1677–1694 |
André-Louis Desmorest | 1694–1740 |
André-Louis Desmorest | 1740–1763 |
Pierre-André-Louis Desmorest | 1763–1793 |
La Ferté-Alais
see: Étampes
Hauts-de-Seine 92
No local executioner known so far
Seine-Saint-Denis (93)
No local executioner known so far
Val-de-Marne (94)
No local executioner known so far
Pontoise
Jean-Baptiste Carlier | 1699–1712 |
Jean-Baptiste Carlier | 1712–1732 |
Jean-Baptiste Carlier | 1732–1742 |
Jean-Baptiste-François Carlier | en 1742–1782 |
Jean-Baptiste-François Carlier | 1782–1793 |
Carcassonne
Pierre de Lafont | active in 1538 |
Jean Lapeyre | 1545–1561 |
André | 1561–1566 |
Jean Maigre | 1566–1580 |
Jean Roizat | 1580 |
Jean Sesherbe | 1580–1593 |
Antoine Faret | 1593–1594 |
Jacques de Laplanche | 1594–1600 |
Benoît Libès | 1600 |
Antoine Ferrier | 1600–1603 |
Jean Bon | 1603 |
Gaillard Bourd | 1603–1610 |
Bernard Dauriac | c. 1640 |
Pierre Puech | c. 1645–1650 (his last name also appears as Pech) |
Antoine Bourset | active in 1719 |
Bernardin Blaize | 1770–1786 |
Pierre Blanc | 1786–1793 |
Etienne-Victor Rives | 1793 |
? Roch | 1793 (interim executioner; his last name also appears as Rauch) |
François Berger | 1793 (interim; executioner of Tarbes) |
Jean-Philibert Ginier | 1793–1795 |
Pierre Chevalier | 1795–1801 |
François Berger | 1801–1804 |
Jean-François-Philibert Robineau | 1804–1823 |
Laurent-Denis Robineau | 1823–1827 |
Philibert-Godefroy Robineau | 1827–1840 |
Georges Miraucourt | 1840–1849 |
Castelnaudary
Jean Vernhet | 1522–1538 |
Antoine Ferrier | 1579–1589 |
Jean Boussac | active in 1619 |
Limoux
Antoine Blanc | 1572–1578 |
Jean Cronhac | 1578–1582 |
Guillaume Teissère | 1582–1584 |
Jean Sesherbe | 1584–1585 (interim; executioner of Carcassonne) |
Jean Jacmes | 1585–1603 |
Antoine Ferrier | 1603-? |
Narbonne
Guillaume Teissère | 1567–1570 |
Nîmes
Barthélémy Querol | 1573–1589 |
Jean Cabrière | 1590–1611 |
Jean Arman | active in 1646 |
Victor Deltet | 1775–1780 |
Marcelin Berthoumier | 1791–1792 (interim; executioner of Montpellier) |
Dominique Vassalo | 1792–1795 |
François-Louis-Hippolyte Desmorest | 1795–1814 |
Jean-Baptiste Desmorest | 1814–1816 |
Pierre-Vivien Debost | 1816–1830 |
Jean-Nicolas Cané | 1830–1853 |
Martin-Pierre-Joseph Berger | 1853–1870 |
Montpellier
Jacques Thiesame | active in 1460 |
André Bonissi | c. 1470 |
François Lacombe | active in 1585 |
Claude Bausillon | c. 1610 |
Pierre Arnaud | 1624–1628 |
Étienne Roquefort | active in 1645 |
Pierre Gineste | active in 1657 |
Marcelin Berthoumier | 1791–1794 |
Barthélémy Mauvin | 1794–1795 |
Jean Boursier | active in 1795 |
Gilles-François-Nicolas-Martin Berger | 1795–1799 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Sanson | 1799–1800 |
Louis-Victor Sanson | 1800–1802 |
Pierre-Joseph Vermeille | 1802–1808 |
Jean-Baptiste Desmorest | 1808–1811 |
François Guillot | 1811–1818 |
Antoine Guillot | 1818–1825 |
Jean-Pierre Guillot | 1825–1832 |
Léonard Richim | 1832–1833 |
Joseph-Louis Claret | 1833–1860 |
Auguste-Paul Roch | 1860–1870 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Mende
Gilles-François-Nicolas-Martin Berger | Active in 1794 |
Jean-Pierre Boitquin | 1799–1801 |
Jean-Pierre Roch | 1801 (last name sometimes written as Rauch) |
Nicolas Cané | 1801–1805 |
François Roch | 1805–1848 (last name sometimes written as Rauch) |
Perpignan
Jacques del Arnau | 1682–1687 |
Carrera | 1688–1699 |
Traginer | 1700–1709 |
Raphaël del Arnau | 1711–1723 |
Simon Grio | active in 1724 |
Antoine Denis | 1733–1734 |
Nicolas-Alexis Montagne | 1772–1779 |
Claude Thouvenin | 1779–1782 |
Jean Camille | 1782–1791 |
Bernardin Blaize | active in 1791 |
Antoine Varennes | 1791–1793 |
Jean Crossy | 1793–1797 |
Jean-François-Philibert Robineau | 1797–1798 |
Jean-Pierre Bickler | 1818–1819 |
Laurent Bickler | 1819–1839 |
Martin-Pierre-Joseph Berger | 1839–1850 |
Brive-la-Gaillarde
Bernard Varennes | 1720s-1730s |
Michel Benoist | 1756–1788 |
Aureil Mendé | 1788–1793 |
Tulle
Jean Gumond | active in 1761 |
François Benoist | 1789–1804 |
Valentin Grosholtz | 1804–1820 |
Louis Grosholtz | 1820–1823 |
Jean Grosholtz | 1823–1849 |
Guéret
Léonard Chanton | active in 1715 |
Jean-Pierre François | 1783–1786 |
Pierre-Etienne François | 1786–1798 |
François-Joseph Férey | 1798–1808 |
Pierre-Jacques Nord | 1808–1849 |
Limoges
Louis Vivien | 1792–1798 |
Louis Gendron | 1716–1720 |
Pierre Chaussonnier | 1720–1725 |
Pierre Pradel | 1798–1802 |
Antoine Hiezely | 1802–1826 |
Louis Hiezely | 1826–1848 |
Nicolas Hiezely | 1848–1849 |
Nicolas Grosholtz | 1849–1853 |
François-Louis-Henri Desmorest | 1853–1870 |
Baccarat
François-Joseph Hiezely | 1719–1739 |
Jean-Michel Hiezely | 1739–1777 |
Georges-Antoine Hiezely | 1777–1793 |
Badonviller
Bernard Eisenhuet | active in 1598 |
Marc Hausser | 1603–1604 |
Jean-Nicolas Laury | 1685–1686 |
Georges Hiezely | 1722–1732 |
Claude-Antoine Hiezely | 1732–1762 |
Jean-Pierre Chrétien | 1777–1793 |
Bauzemont
Pierre Courtois | 1712–1748 |
Jean-François Courtois | 1748–1763 |
Nicolas Thouvenin | 1763–1772 |
Jean-François Courtois | 1772–1793 |
Bayon
Charles Magnard | active in 1691 |
Jean-François Courtois | 1730–1740 |
Dominique Courtois | 1758–1779 |
Joseph-François Wolff | 1779–1793 |
Blâmont
Georges Hiezely | 1719–1722 |
Nicolas Parisot | 1722–1754 |
Jean-Jacques Hermann | 1761–1783 |
Jean-François Hermann | 1783–1790 |
Jean-Nicolas Fixard | 1790–1793 |
Briey
Jean Schweitzer | active in 1675 |
Jean-Léonard Henry | 1701–1711 |
Bernard Back | 1711–1725 |
Jean-Pierre Dillenburg | 1725–1733 |
Jean-Baptiste Dillenburg | 1733–1752 |
Jean-Pierre Thiéry | 1752–1754 |
Jean-Baptiste Dillenburg | 1754–1761 |
Jean-Antoine Roch | 1761–1793 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Conflans-en-Jarnisy
Henri Labille | 1717–1735 |
Louis Thomas | 1735–1736 |
Jean-Pierre Thiéry | 1736–1750 |
Laurent Viard | 1750–1793 |
Deneuvre
see: Baccarat
Domjevin
see: Bauzemont
Einville-au-Jard
Jean-Pierre Duval | 1743–1758 |
Jean Cané | 1758–1790 |
Jean-Baptiste-Oswald Cané | 1790–1793 |
Gerbéviller
Pierre Wolff | 1743–1778 |
François Wolff | 1778–1793 |
Haraucourt
see: Einville-au-Jard
Harbouey
see: Blâmont
Longuyon
Corneille Back | 1710–1715 |
Matthieu Labille | 1715–1748 |
Jean Labille | 1748–1792 |
Jean-Nicolas Cané | 1772–1775 |
Jean Labille | 1775–1777 |
Jean-Henri Labille | 1777–1793 |
Longwy
Pierre Bour | 1692–1693 |
Jean-Nicolas Back | 1693–1701 |
Nicolas Klein | 1701–1718 |
Jean Klein | 1718–1752 |
Joseph Klein | 1752–1761 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1761–1790 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Jean-Pierre Roch | 1790–1793 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Lunéville
François Henry | 1700–1713 |
Jean-Léonard Henry | 1713–1720 |
Claude Duval | 1720–1743 |
Jean-Pierre Duval | 1743–1764 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1764–1766 (last name also appears as Rauch) |
Marguerite Cané | 1766–1784 (one of France's most long-termed female executioners) |
Jean-François Hermann | 1784–1793 |
Nancy
Jean-Georges Duval | 1658–1680 |
Nicolas Suisse | 1680–1684 (his last name also appears as Schweitzer) |
Jean-Jacques Burckhard | 1684–1705 |
Jean-Pierre Bour | 1705–1718 |
Jean-Pierre Bour | 1718–1730 |
Jacobé Rieger | 1730–1732 (Jean-Pierre Bour's wife and after 1730 widow; one of the rare cases a woman was appointed) |
François Roch | 1732–1747 (Jacobé Rieger's new husband; his last name is also given as Rauch) |
Jean-Pierre Rhein | 1747–1758 |
Laurent Roch | 1758–1779 (his last name is also given as Rauch) |
Jean-Pierre Spirckel | 1779–1799 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1799–1823 (his last name is also given as Rauch) |
Nicolas Cané | 1823–1847 |
Matthieu Spirckel | 1847–1870 |
Nomény
see: Pont-à-Mousson
Norroy-le-Sec
Bernard Back | 1715–1741 |
Claude Back | 1741–1781 |
Jean-Baptiste Thiéry | 1781–1793 |
Pont-à-Mousson
Goeury Pichon | active in 1709 |
Jean-Pierre Bickler | c. 1722 |
Christophe-Séraphin Bickler | 1734–1757 |
Jean-Pierre Bickler | 1757–1783 |
Christophe Bickler | 1783–1793 |
Réchicourt-la-Petite
see: Blâmont
Saint-Clément
see: Baccarat
Saint-Nicolas-de-Port
Nicolas Valois | 1650–1683 |
Rémi Karpf | active in 1720 |
Jean-Jacques Parisot | 1716–1733 |
Jean-Philippe Rhein | 1733–1762 |
François Rhein | 1762–1776 |
Jean-Jacques Roch | 1776–1793 (his last name is sometimes given as Rauch) |
Sancy
Bernard Back | 1715–1741 |
Claude Back | 1741–1783 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1783–1793 (last name also written as Rauch) |
Thiaucourt (Thiaucourt-Regniéville)
see: Pont-à-Mousson
Toul
Claude Miraucourt | 1670–1679 |
Claude Miraucourt | 1692–1699 |
Antoine Hermann | 1708–1714 |
Jean-Charles Valois | 1714–1728 |
Jean-Georges Roch | 1728–1748 (last name also given as Rauch) |
François Roch | 1748–1761 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Laurent Bickler | 1761–1776 |
François Roch | 1776–1790 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Nicolas Cané | 1790–1793 |
Ville-sur-Yron
see: Conflans-en-Jarnisy
Villers-la-Montagne
Bernard Back | 1725–1741 |
Matthieu Back | 1741–1748 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1748–1772 (last name may also appear as Rauch) |
Jean-Pierre-Laurent Roch | 1772–1775 (last name may also appear as Rauch) |
Laurent-Nicolas Roch | 1775–1793 (last name may also appear as Rauch) |
Arrancy-sur-Crusne
see: Longuyon at Meurthe-et-Moselle (54)
Avioth
Jean-Nicolas Labille | 1720–1742 |
Jean-Pierre Labille | 1742–1775 |
Michel Labille | 1775–1793 |
Bar-le-Duc
Pierre Chapuzot | 1630–1657 |
Claude Chapuzot | 1667–1686 |
Jacques Chapuzot | active in 1696 |
Martin Castagnière | 1708–1731 |
Jean-Conrad Rhein | 1731–1752 |
Simon Jean | 1752–1770 |
Jean-François Hiezely | 1770–1776 |
Laurent Rhein | 1777–1793 |
Billy-sous-Mangiennes
François François | 1740–1759 |
Jean-Nicolas Cané | 1759–1786 |
Jean-Louis Cané | 1786–1793 |
Commercy
Jean-Nicolas Guerchoux | 1746–1768 |
Louis Thomas | 1768–1772 |
Jean-Pierre Roch | 1772–1790 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Nicolas Cané | 1790–1793 |
Damvillers
Jean François | 1706–1734 |
François François | 1734–1768 |
Pierre-Etienne François | 1768–1786 |
Paul François | 1786–1793 |
Étain
Claude Suisse | 1715–1719 (his last name also appears as Schweitzer) |
Pierre Étienne | 1719–1750 |
Jean-Pierre Thiéry | 1750–1752 |
François Étienne | 1752–1759 |
Jean-Pierre Thiéry | 1759–1793 |
Fresnes-en-Woëvre
François-Edmé Duval | 1684–1731 |
Jean Cané | 1731–1740 |
Jean-Pierre Urich | 1740–1745 |
Antoine-Martin Urich | 1745–1779 |
Jean-Pierre Urich | 1745–1786 |
Nicolas Thiéry | 1786–1793 |
Herméville-en-Woëvre
François-Edmé Duval | 1684–1726 |
Jean-Pierre Miraucourt | 1726–1754 |
Paul Miraucourt | 1754–1765 |
François Miraucourt | 1765–1793 |
Marville
Jean-Nicolas Labille | 1720–1748 |
Jean-Nicolas Labille | 1748–1777 |
Michel Labille | 1777–1793 |
Montmédy
Jean-Nicolas Labille | 1720–1748 |
Jean Labille | 1748–1787 |
Saint-Mihiel
Christophe-Séraphin Bickler | 1722–1752 |
Jean-Pierre Thiéry | 1752–1757 |
Jean-Pierre Bickler | 1757–1766 |
Christophe Bickler | 1766–1823 |
Simon-Hippolyte Desmorest | 1823–1849 |
Verdun
Jean Gaultier | 1532–1536 |
Jean Gaultier | active in 1575 |
Martin Jean | c. 1630 |
Jean Miraucourt | 1640–1668 |
Nicolas Blin | 1668–1679 |
Claude Miraucourt | 1679–1708 |
Pierre Étienne | 1708–1762 |
François Étienne | 1762–1791 |
Antoine Étienne | 1791–1793 |
Ancerville
Claude Guerchoux | 1681–1710 |
Jean Guerchoux | 1710–1758 |
Jean-Laurent Guerchoux | 1758–1793 |
Angevillers
Hermann Roch | c. 1700 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Simon Klein | 1714–1730 |
Christophe-Séraphin Bickler | 1722–1741 |
Jean-Nicolas Rauch | 1741–1751 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Jean Grauel | 1774–1793 |
Ay-sur-Moselle
see: Buding
Bambiderstroff
see: Courcelles-sur-Nied
Béchy
Jean-Nicolas Back | 1697–1701 |
Claude Guerchoux | 1701–1710 |
Jean Guerchoux | 1710–1722 |
François Guerchoux | 1722–1780 |
Guillaume Back | 1780–1793 |
Beux
see: Béchy
Bitche
see: Schorbach
Boulay
Nicolas Schweitzer | active in 1613 |
Christophe Schwartz | 1618–1621 |
Jean-Jacques Rhein | 1621–1663 |
Jean-Pierre Back | 1663–1703 |
Jean-Georges Back | 1703–1731 |
Jean-Pierre Wolff | 1731–1786 |
Jean Wolff | 1786–1787 |
Jean-Nicolas Wolff | 1787–1793 |
Buding
Jean-Pierre Spirckel | 1744–1787 |
Laurent Rauch | 1787–1793 |
Budling
see: Buding
Château-Salins
Nicolas Godot | c. 1700 |
Jean Godot | c. 1720 |
Jean Godot | 1738–1753 |
Martin Courtois | 1753–1759 |
Louis Thomas | 1759–1777 |
Louis Thomas | 1793 |
Château-Voué
see: Dieuze
Courcelles-Chaussy
Mauclair | active in 1679 |
François Lhôpital | c. 1730–1737 |
Oswald Rhein | 1737–1756 |
Jean-Henri Rhein | 1756–1787 |
Georges Miraucourt | 1787–1793 |
Courcelles-sur-Nied
Antoine Scherr | c. 1720 |
Georges Scherr | c. 1740 |
Nicolas Scherr | 1750–1756 |
Jean-Pierre Miraucourt | 1756–1793 |
Delme
Claude Thomas | c. 1700–1719 |
Nicolas Thomas | 1719–1748 |
Michel Thomas | 1748–1784 |
Jean Thomas | 1784–1793 |
Dieuze
Laurent Urich | c. 1620–1654 |
Claude Urich | 1654–1691 |
Jean-Jacques Bour | 1691–1699 |
Claude Hermann | 1699–1733 |
Jean Hermann | 1733–1758 |
Jean-Jacques Hermann | 1758–1761 |
Claude Hermann | 1761–1793 |
Ébersviller
see: Hombourg-Budange
Elzange
see: Rodemack
Faulquemont
Nicolas Schweitzer | active in 1613 |
Christophe Schwartz | 1618–1621 |
Jean-Henri Lander | 1652–1682 |
Jean-Henri Rhein | 1682–1695 |
Léonard Rhein | 1695–1748 |
Jean Rhein | 1748–1759 |
Jean-Pierre Rhein | 1759–1793 |
Fénétrange
see: Niederstinzel
Filstroff
Jean-Nicolas Back | 1686–1714 |
Jean-Nicolas Back | 1714–1728 |
Jean-Philippe Mohr | 1728 |
Christophe Parisot | 1728–1729 |
André Heffinger | 1729–1742 |
Jean-Pierre Back | 1742–1792 |
Jean-Nicolas Rhein | 1792–1793 |
Forbach
Jean-Christophe Grauel | 1686–1692 |
Jean-Henri Burckhard | 1692–1744 |
Jean-Nicolas Burckhard | 1744–1776 |
François-Martin Burckhard | 1776–1793 |
Matthieu Burckhard | 1776–1793 |
Freistroff
Jean-Christophe Hopp | 1685–1735 |
François Hopp | 1735–1738 |
Jean Hopp | 1738–1758 |
Jean-Pierre Hopp | 1758–1766 |
Nicolas Schwind | 1766–1781 |
Pierre Hopp | 1781–1793 |
Gorze
Jean-Jacques Valche | 1707–1714 |
Jean-Pierre Urich | 1714–1740 |
Jean-Nicolas Guerchoux | 1777–1793 |
Grostenquin
Jean-Jacques Cané | 1725–1753 |
Oswald Back | 1753–1793 |
Hérange
Jean-Ulrich Vollmar | 1657–1690 |
Jean-Nicolas Vollmar | 1690–1730 |
Jean-Jacques Grosholtz | 1730–1735 |
Jean-Georges Lander | 1766–1793 |
Hombourg-Budange
Jean-Jacques Lang | active in 1689 |
Matthieu Back | 1738–1741 |
Jean-Léonard Schwind | 1741–1744 |
Jean-Pierre Spirckel | 1744–1773 |
Pierre Schwind | 1773–1783 |
Jean-Jacques Wolff | 1783–1793 |
Insming
Sébastien Parisot | 1635–1707 |
Jean-Valentin Parisot | 1707–1731 |
Jean-Jacques Bour | 1731–1765 |
Jean-Thibaud Schweitzer | 1765–1769 |
Jean-Jacques Bour | 1769–1781 |
Valentin Grosholtz | 1781–1793 |
Jallaucourt
see: Château-Salins |
Kédange-sur-Canner
see: Hombourg-Budange |
Kirsch-lès-Sierck
Pierre Wolff | 1695–1721 |
Gaspard Wolff | 1721–1722 |
Jean-Martin Wolff | 1722–1740 |
Gaspard Wolff | 1740–1743 |
François Wolff | 1743–1776 |
Pierre Wolff | 1776–1793 |
Lixheim
see: Hérange |
Longeville-lès-Saint-Avold
Nicolas Schweitzer | active in 1613 |
Antoine Grauel | 1717–1757 |
Jean Grauel | 1757–1782 |
Jean-Pierre Grauel | 1782–1786 |
Jean Wolff | 1786–1787 |
Jean-Nicolas Wolff | 1787–1793 |
Lorquin
Jean-Georges Burckhard | 1680–1692 |
Dominique Burckhard | 1709–1734 |
Michel Henry | 1734–1765 |
Joseph Godot | 1765–1779 |
Jean-Pierre Wolff | 1779–1793 |
Louvigny
see: Courcelles-sur-Nied |
Lutzelbourg
Jean-Jacques Grosholtz | 1680–1712 |
Jean-Michel Grosholtz | 1712–1743 |
Jean-Georges Grosholtz | 1743–1787 |
Jean-Georges Grosholtz | 1787–1793 |
Metz
Louis Schweitzer | 1613–1653 |
Matthieu Schweitzer | 1653–1680 |
Nicolas Schweitzer | 1680–1684 |
Jean-Jacques Burckhard | 1684–1693 |
Jean-Baptiste Barré | 1693–1715 |
Nicolas Barré | 1715–1730 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1730–1731 (last name also appears as Rauch) |
Georges-Laurent Roch | 1731–1748 (last name also appears as Rauch) |
Nicolas Barré | 1748–1779 |
Nicolas-Oswald Barré | 1779–1801 |
Nicolas Barré | 1801–1812 |
Matthieu Spirckel | 1812–1833 |
Pierre-Emmanuel Desfourneaux | 1833–1870 |
Montenach
Jean Spirckel | 1680–1695 |
André Spirckel | 1695–1711 |
Jean-Nicolas Roch | 1711–1720 (last name also appears as Rauch) |
Georges-Laurent Roch | 1720–1721 (last name also appears as Rauch) |
Jean-Pierre Spirckel | 1721–1759 |
Nicolas Spirckel | 1759–1793 |
Morhange
Étienne Schwartz | 1610–1632 |
Antoine Hermann | 1632–1670 |
Jean-Jacques Grosholtz | 1670–1680 |
Pierre Hermann | 1680–1682 |
Claude Hermann | 1682–1733 |
Jean Hermann | 1733–1758 |
Jean-Jacques Hermann | 1758–1761 |
Claude Hermann | 1761–1793 |
Niederstinzel
Jean-Nicolas Lander | 1681–1692 |
Jean-Philippe Schild | 1736–1762 |
Pierre Schild | 1762–1786 |
Jacques Schild | 1785–1793 |
Phalsbourg
see: Lutzelbourg |
Porcelette
Gaspard Wolff | 1740–1748 |
Pierre Wolff | 1748–1785 |
Prévocourt
see: Delme |
Puttelange-aux-Lacs
Jean-Jacques Carpe | 1665–1686 |
Jean-Valentin Igel | 1686–1702 |
Jean-Bernard Bour | 1702–1734 |
Théodore Bour | 1734–1752 |
Jean-Georges Bour | 1752–1793 |
Rodemack
Jean-Henri Spirckel | 1687–1709 |
Jean-Henri Spirckel | 1709–1718 |
Jean-Bernard Spirckel | 1718–1724 |
Jean-Théodore Burckhard | 1724–1754 |
François Spirckel | 1754–1773 |
Jean-Nicolas Spirckel | 1773–1793 |
Saint-Avold
Jean Spengler | active in 1615 |
Christophe Lander | 1625–1632 |
Jean-Nicolas Carpe | 1632–1652 |
Jean-Gaspard Lander | 1652–1688 |
Jean-Michel Lander | 1688–1719 |
François-Gaspard Lander | 1719–1745 |
Nicolas Lander | 1745–1785 |
Christophe Back | 1785–1793 |
Sarralbe
Jean-Pierre Rhein | 1702–1724 |
Jacques-Charles Rhein | 1724–1744 |
Jean-Thibaud Schweitzer | 1765–1769 |
Jean-Jacques Bour | 1769–1781 |
Jean Grosholtz | 1781–1793 |
Sarrebourg
Guy Burckhard | 1685–1698 |
Jean-Georges Burckhard | 1698–1717 |
Georges-Frédéric Burck | 1739–1740 |
Sarreguemines
Nicolas Bour | 1666–1675 |
Jean-Bernard Bour | 1675–1702 |
Jean-Jacques Bour | 1702–1734 |
Jean-Pierre Bour | 1734–1754 |
François Rhein | 1754–1784 |
Jean Rhein | 1784–1793 |
Schorbach
Jean-Henri Schild | 1662–1699 |
Matthieu Schild | 1699–1751 |
Georges-Frédéric Schild | 1751–1756 |
Jean-Jacques Schild | 1756–1775 |
Jean-Henri Schild | 1775–1793 |
Sierck-les-Bains
see: Kirsch-lès-Sierck |
Thionville
Nicolas Geiler | c. 1680 |
Jean-Henri Spirckel | 1687–1709 |
Jean-Pierre Dillenburg | 1709–1738 |
Jean-Pierre Dillenburg | 1738–1748 |
Jean-Pierre Dillenburg | 1748–1763 |
Jean-Baptiste Dillenburg | 1748–1789 |
Jean-Baptiste Spirckel | 1789–1793 |
Tincry
see: Delme |
Tragny
see: Delme |
Vatimont
see: Béchy |
Vic-sur-Seille
Humbert Caille | active in 1633 |
Rémi Laurent | 1663–1680 |
Pierre Hermann | 1680–1688 |
Claude Parisot | 1688–1734 |
Jean Parisot | 1734–1777 |
Claude Parisot | 1777–1793 |
Bruyères
François-Joseph Hiezely | 1719–1736 |
Jacques Heidenreich | 1736–1761 |
Charmes
Charles Magnard | 1702–1733 |
Jean-Charles Chrétien | 1746–1752 |
Jean-Joseph Hiezely | 1752–1754 |
Léopold Chrétien | 1754–1786 |
Antoine Hiezely | 1786–1793 |
Châtel-sur-Moselle
see: Charmes |
Châtenois
Jean Chrétien | 1752–1756 |
Claude-François Chrétien | 1756–1793 |
Darney
Jean-Pierre Courtois | 1737–1769 |
Pierre-Fidèle Chrétien | 1769–1793 |
Dompaire
Jean-Nicolas Laury | 1709–1730 |
Didier Chapelain | 1730–1752 |
Jean-Nicolas Chapelain | 1752–1757 |
Antoine-François Fixard | 1757–1774 |
Jean-François Fixard | 1774–1788 |
Épinal
Jean Bontemps | active in 1601 |
Nicolas Guillemette de Fontenay | 1601–1607 |
Martin | active in 1656 |
Jean Pierson | 1672–1686 |
Jean-Nicolas Laury | 1686–1726 |
Jean-Nicolas Laury | 1726–1734 |
Matthieu Wees | 1734–1753 |
Jean-Georges Anthès | 1753–1762 |
François Wees | 1762–1775 |
Joseph Wees | 1775–1790 |
François Spirckel | 1790–1797 |
François Wolff | 1797–1803 |
Jean-Nicolas Chapelain | 1803–1817 |
Antoine Chapelain | 1817–1818 |
Jean-Nicolas Cané | 1818–1840 |
Conrad Braun | 1840–1849 |
La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois
see: Châtenois |
Mirecourt
Jean-Dominique Chrétien | 1700–1736 |
François Chrétien | 1736–1754 |
Jean-Nicolas Chrétien | 1776–1798 |
Neufchâteau
Antoine Chrétien | c. 1730–1745 |
Henri Chrétien | 1745–1755 |
Claude-Michel Chrétien | 1755–1756/57 |
Oswald Rhein | 1756/57–1773 |
Jean-Nicolas Wolff | 1770–1793 |
Rambervillers
François-Joseph Hiezely | active in 1719 |
Georges Chapelain | 1746–1769 |
Jean-Michel Hiezely | 1769–1770 |
Jean-Georges Hiezely | 1770–1777 |
Remiremont
see: Saint-Dié |
Saint-Dié
Nicolas Maurisat | active in 1621 |
Jean-Michel Burckhard | 1701–1712 |
Georges-Adolphe Heidenreich | 1712–1737 |
Jean-Michel Hiezely | active in 1757 |
Claude Hiezely | 1774–1793 |
Saint-Nabord
see: Saint-Dié |
Foix
François Cabanié | 1793–1802 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Dupuy | 1802–1830 |
Joseph Beaufaye | 1830–1849 |
François-Nicolas Beaufaye | 1849–1853 |
Rodez
Pradel | c. 1685 |
Jean-Louis Daydé | 1780–1782 |
Jean Crossy | 1782–1793 |
François Berger | 1793–1797 |
Jean Crossy | 1797–1824 |
Guy Le Moalic | 1824–1828 |
Pierre-Victor Rives | 1828–1853 |
Toulouse
Jean Barrot | 1659–1666 |
Jean Touzet | active in 1666 |
Mathieu Bourideu | -1757 (his last name also appears as Mathieu Bouirou; sources also say 1759–1763) |
Jean Daizes | active in 1768 (some sources say 1757–1769) |
Antoine Varennes | 1769/70-1812 (brother to Jean Varennes in Cahors) |
Marcelin Berthoumier | 1812–1817 |
Jean-François Guerchoux | 1817–1818 |
Laurent Guerchoux | 1818–1837 |
Henri-Matthieu Guerchoux | 1837–1838 |
Auch
Jean Palaso | 1574–1575 |
Pierre André | active in 1623 |
Jean Dupin | c. 1630 |
Pierre Labailhe | active in 1650 |
Jean Cestarès | 1662–1670 |
Jean Dumas | 1673–1695 |
Jean Bruel | 1699–1719 |
Guillaume Bruel | 1719–1747 |
Bertrand Faroux | 1752–1777 (name also given as Féraut) |
Jean Daizes | 1781–1788 |
Jean Rascat | 1788–1790 |
? Goutte | 1790–1792 |
Matthieu Benoist | 1792–1793 |
Jean Rascat | 1793–1798 |
Joseph Laporte | 1798–1822 |
Jean Prosset | 1822–1849 |
Lectoure
Jean Rascat | 1780–1784 |
Cahors
Jean Varennes | 1761–1809 (brother to Antoine Varennes in Toulouse) |
Romain Labat | 1809–1810 |
Armand Varennes | 1810–1818 |
Laurent-Désiré Desmorest | 1827–1849 |
Tarbes
Jean-Louis Daydé | active in 1792 |
Charles Lacaille | 1792–1794 |
François Spirckel | 1794–1802 |
Jean Rascat | 1802–1818 |
Jean Grosholtz | 1818–1823 |
Louis Grosholtz | 1823–1843 |
Jean-Simon Grosholtz | 1843–1844 |
Vincent Bornacini | 1844–1848 |
Albi
Jean Matthieu | 1598–1599 |
Sylvain | c. 1685 |
Étienne Étienne | 1807–1815 |
Marcelin Rigal | 1815–1824 |
Jean-Pierre Étienne | 1824–1831 |
Pierre Miraucourt | 1831–1849 |
Montauban
Armand Varennes | 1809–1818 |
Marcelin Berthoumier | 1818–1824 |
Marcelin Rigal | 1824–1837 |
Jean-François Guerchoux | 1837–1849 |
Cambrai
Escluve | active in 1368 |
Robert Fayet | active in 1595 |
Nicolas Delannois | active in 1611 |
Pierre de Groville | 1627–1629 |
Guillaume-Joseph Vermeille | c. 1730–1750 |
François Damonville | active in 1750 |
Pierre-François Vermeille | 1790–1793 |
Douai
Jean de Le Porte | active in 1459 |
Jacques Galoppin | active in 1679 |
François-Joseph Demettre | 1795–1825 |
Louis Demettre | 1825–1828 |
Pierre Demettre | 1828–1835 |
François Demettre | 1835–1870 |
Lille
Pierre Vermeille | active in 1766 |
Charles-André-Joseph Demettre | 1766–1773 |
Pierre-Joseph Foyez | 1773–1792 |
Maubeuge
André Vivien | c. 1770 |
Valenciennes
Jean Boitquin | active in 1679 |
Julien-Joseph Vermeille | 1780–1801 |
Pierre-Joseph Vermeille | 1801–1802 |
Arras
Henri Cousin | c. 1470 |
Jean-Baptiste Outredebanque | 1753–1780 |
Pierre Outredebanque | 1780–1795 |
Boulogne
Jean-André-Joseph Tanné | 1731–1766 |
Charles-André-Joseph Demettre | 1766–1773 |
François Lacaille | 1773–1793 |
Calais
Jean-André-Joseph Tanné | 1729–1766 |
Charles-André-Joseph Demettre | 1766–1773 |
François Lacaille | 1773–1793 |
Nantes
Pierre Poupin | 1574–1575 |
Charles Davy | active in 1626 |
Macé Bouëtard | active in 1673 |
Jean Verdier | 1673–1686 |
Laurent Leroy | 1686–1688 |
Pierre Judic | 1688–1701 (name also rendered as Jeudy) |
François Durand | 1701–1705 |
Pierre Chaumont | 1705–1725 |
Étienne Ganié | 1725–1735 |
Jacques Bouëtard | 1735–1738 |
Pierre Chaumont | 1738–1755 |
Étienne Ganié | 1755–1757 |
Jacques-Victor Ganié | 1757–1784 |
Charles-François Férey | 1784–1789 |
Michel Sénéchal | 1789–1794 |
François-Joseph Férey | 1794–1798 |
François Lacaille | 1798–1805 |
François Lacaille | 1805–1823 |
Jacques-Auguste Ganié | 1823–1845 |
Jacques-Henri Ganié | 1845–1849 |
Angers
Adam Lesné | active in 1546 |
Nicolas Cousnier | 1615–1618 |
Jacques Cousnier | 1618–1622 |
Pierre Roussière | 1622–1625 |
Pierre Briand | 1670–1677 |
Julien Beudin | 1677–1681 |
Pierre Verdier | 1681–1687 |
Jean Morin | 1687–1689 |
Laurent Leroy | 1689–1709 |
François Verdier | en 1709–1717 |
Jean Petitjean | 1717–1720 |
Nicolas Férey | 1720–1725 |
François Férey | 1725–1736 |
Pierre Charpentier | 1736–1753 |
Jean-Baptiste Charpentier | 1753–1766 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Charpentier | 1753–1758 |
Jean-Baptiste Charpentier | 1766–1771 |
Jacques Filliaux | 1771–1785 |
Jacques-Joseph-Hyacinthe Filliaux | 1785–1808 |
Pierre-Jacques Ganié | 1808–1829 |
Charles-Gabriel Jouenne | 1829–1832 |
Pierre-Jacques Ganié | 1832–1848 |
Stanislas Ganié | 1848–1870 |
Saumur
André Carouault | activ in 1634 |
Jean Verdier | 1674–1687 |
Etienne Robert | 1712–1727 |
Pierre Asselin | 1727–1731 |
Etienne Robert | 1731–1735 |
Yves Robert | 1735–1759 |
Antoine Dupuy | 1759–1767 |
Antoine Dupuy | 1767–1785 |
Louis-Jean Dupuy | 1785–1793 |
Château-Gontier
René Chaumont | active in 1686 |
Martin Dupuy | 1717–1722 |
Jacques Dupuy | 1722–1742 |
Jacques-François Dupuy | 1742–1759 |
Pierre Dupuy | 1759–1783 |
Nicolas-Charles-Gabriel Dupuy | 1783–1793 |
Laval
François Chaumont | 1680–1687 |
Jacques Bouëtard | 1720–1730 |
Jacques-Etienne Bouëtard | 1730–1740 |
Pierre Martin | 1740–1756 |
Jacques Durand | 1756–1782 |
Pierre Martin | 1782–1785 |
Jacques-François Durand | 1785–1813 |
Henri Bickler | 1813–1815 |
Jacques-Joseph Durand | 1815−1819 (executed for homicide) |
Pierre-Michel Durand | 1819–1823 |
François-Hippolyte Desmorest | 1823–1843 |
Jean-Jacques Ehrardt | 1843–1849 |
La Flèche
Jean Billon | active in 1686 |
Le Mans
Jean Benoist | 1698–1720 |
Joseph Filliaux | 1720–1723 |
Pierre Charpentier | 1723–1733 |
Joseph Charpentier | 1733–1750 |
Louis-Jacques Filliaux | 1750–1767 |
Nicolas-Louis Jouenne | 1750–1767 |
Nicolas-Louis Jouenne | 1767–1784 |
Charles Jouenne | 1767–1822 |
Isidore-Joseph Vermeille | 1822–1827 |
Romain Labat | 1827–1846 |
Pierre Marc | 1846–1849 |
Fontenay-le-Comte
Jean Fraigneau | c. 1700–1710 |
François Fraigneau | 1710–1728 |
Michel Clément | 1728–1745 |
Pierre-Victor Asselin | 1745–1755 |
Joseph Asselin | 1755–1778 |
Pierre Asselin | 1778–1802 |
André-Thomas Férey | 1802 |
Nicolas-Louis Jouenne | 1802–1805 |
Pierre Wolff | 1805–1824 |
Pierre Wolff | 1824–1849 |
Laon
Mathurin Porrès | active round 1590 |
Mathurin Damet | 1595–1617 |
François Roussel | 1660–1664 |
Louis Desmorest | 1664–1710 |
Nicolas Desmorest | 1710–1761 |
François-Joseph Desmorest | 1761–1764 |
Jean-LouisDesmorest | 1764–1812 |
Isidore-Joseph Vermeille | 1812–1823 |
Jean-François-Philibert Robineau | 1823–1845 |
Frédéric-Henri-Auguste Robineau | 1845–1849 |
Soissons
Jean Gressier | 1680–1705 |
André Gressier | 1705–1726 |
François Desmorest | 1726–1750 |
Nicolas-François Desmorest | 1750–1761 |
Denis-François Hérisson | 1761–1762 |
Charles-René Zelle | 1762–1776 |
Charles-Henri-Martin Zelle | 1776–1792 |
Beauvais
Robert Berger | 1749–1763 |
Jacques-Robert Berger | 1763–1784 |
François-Robert-Gabriel Berger | 1784–1798 |
Jean-François-Philibert Robineau | 1798–1799 |
François-Robert-Gabriel Berger | 1799–1805 |
Robert-Gabriel Berger | 1805–1813 |
Charles-Henri-Constant Desmorest | 1813–1849 |
Compiègne
Pierre Clavière | active in 1627 |
Cyprien Levert | 1660–1670 |
Jacques Hérisson | 1670–1680 |
Guillaume Hérisson | 1680–1683 |
Jacques Dollé | 1683–1717 |
Louis-André Desmorest | 1717–1719 |
Jacques Dollé | 1719–1749 |
Nicolas Dollé | 1749–1762 |
Louis-Nicolas Dollé | 1762–1793 |
Crépy-en-Valois
Pierre Hérisson | active in 1629 |
Louis Berger | 1700–1713 |
Jacques Dollé | 1713–1717 |
Robert Berger | 1717–1763 |
Jacques-Robert Berger | 1763–1784 |
François-Robert-Gabriel Berger | 1784–1793 |
Noyon
Féry Leblon | active in 1617 |
François-Joseph Desmorest | 1743–1793 |
Senlis
Claude Harrie | active in 1544 |
Jean Taffin | active in 1571 |
Philippe Hérisson | 1622–1662 |
Claude Hérisson | 1662–1667 |
Philippe Hérisson | 1667–1673 |
Jacques Hérisson | 1673–1680 |
François-Cyprien Hérisson | 1680–1727 |
Nicolas Hérisson | 1727–1742 |
François-Nicolas Hérisson | 1742–1755 |
Denis-François Hérisson | 1755–1761 |
Nicolas-François Desmorest | 1761–1784 |
Louis-Auguste-Nicolas Desmorest | 1784–1793 |
Pierre-Nicolas-François Desmorest | 1784–1793 |
Amiens
Pierre Phélippart | active in 1463 |
Haquin de Bergue | active in 1468 |
Jean de Tournai | active in 1516 |
Louis-Charles Hébert | 1731–1760 |
Joseph Foyez | 1760–1767 |
Pierre-François Vermeille | 1767–1795 |
François Étienne | 1795 |
Jean Boursier | 1795–1796 |
Jacques-Bonaventure Collet de Charmoy | 1796–1816 |
Amand-Constant Vermeille | 1816–1837 (Armand-Constant ?) |
Amand Vermeille | 1837–1852 (Armand ?) |
Jacques-Henri Ganié | 1852−1853 |
Nicolas Roch | 1853–1870 (his last name seometimes appears as Rauch; after 1870, see: Monsieur de Paris) |
Angoulême
Jean Cestarès | 1656–1682 |
Guy Robert | 1684–1698 |
Robert Guitton | 1700–1702 |
Joseph Senigotte | 1728–1740 |
Jean Jacquinet | 1740–1742 |
Jacques Berger | 1744–1758 |
Jean Brunet | 1758–1760 |
(interim executioners between 1760 and 1789) | |
Jean Roch | 1789–1802 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Pierre Pradel | 1802–1816 |
François-Xavier Rhein | 1816–1827 |
Matthieu-Isidore Rhein | 1827–1840 |
Claude Roch | 1840–1849 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
La Rochelle
Hilaire Camyon | round 1610 |
Jacques Lafargue | 1663–1680 |
Jacques Lafargue | 1694–1702 |
Pierre Lafargue | 1702–1713 |
Pierre Combaud | 1713–1719 |
Pierre Landeau | 1719–1723 |
Victor Landeau | 1723–1726 |
Christophe Benoist | 1726–1747 |
Jean Benoist | 1747–1749 |
François Férey | 1749–1757 |
Joseph Férey | 1757–1774 |
François-Charles-Gabriel Férey | 1757–1769 |
Joseph Lacaille | 1774–1789 |
Jacques-Bonaventure Collet de Charmoy | 1789–1795 |
Rochefort
Jean Montagne | 1793–1795 |
Saintes
Jean Benoist | 1725–1728 |
Pierre Benoist | 1728–1750 |
Maixent-Mathurin Ayrault | 1750–1763 |
Christophe Ayrault | 1763–1802 |
François Spirckel | 1802–1825 |
Matthieu Spirckel | 1825–1849 |
Niort
Pierre Landeau | 1695–1723 |
Victor Landeau | 1723–1731 |
Pierre Asselin | 1731–1748 |
Joseph Asselin | 1748–1756 |
Augustin Asselin | 1756–1781 |
Augustin-Joseph Asselin | 1781–1813 |
Augustin-André Asselin | 1813–1823 |
Louis-Augustin-Désiré Asselin | 1823–1849 |
Saint-Maixent-l'École
Réneteau | active in 1667 |
Chaussonnier | active in 1683 |
Mathurin Ayrault | 1705–1722 |
Louis Ayrault | 1722–1736 |
Mathurin Ayrault | 1736–1762 |
Clément Ayrault | 1762–1785 |
Maixent-Mathurin Ayrault | 1762–1763 |
Thouars
Jean-Jacques Fraigneau | 1710–1722 |
Martin Dupuy | 1732–1745 |
Louis Duchesne | 1745–1765 |
Jean-Martin Dupuy | 1765–1793 |
Civray
Jean David | 1775–1793 |
Loudun
Duchesne | active in 1634 |
Michel Clément | 1718–1720 |
Louis Ayrault | 1720–1725 |
Louis Duchesne | 1725–1758 |
François Duchesne | 1758–1787 |
François Berger | 1787–1793 |
Poitiers
Jean Verdier | active in 1626 |
Michel Verdier | active in 1670 |
Étienne Renéteau | 1687–1707 |
Mathurin Pinocheau | 1707–1709 |
Mathurin Pinocheau | 1709–1721 |
Guy Renéteau | 1721–1727 |
François Verdier | 1727–1764 |
François Verdier | 1764–1772 |
Pierre-François Verdier | 1764–1796 |
Louis-Nicolas Dollé | 1796–1805 |
Joseph-Martin Benoist | 1805–1809 |
Pierre-Nicolas Berthelot | 1809–1827 |
Nicolas Wolff | 1827–1831 |
Matthieu Wolff | 1831–1846 |
Raymond Peyrussan | 1846–1854 |
Charles-André Wolff | 1854–1870 |
Digne
Pierre Back | 1793–1794 |
Pierre Cané | 1794 |
François Montagne | 1794–1795 |
Jean-Pierre Thiéry | 1795–1816 |
François-Xavier Reine | 1816–1817 (his name comes also written as Rhein) |
Alexandre-Victor Jouenne | 1817–1849 |
Gap
Nicolas Viard | 1793–1794 |
Antoine Roch | 1794–1797 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
François Roch | 1797–1805 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Laurent Roch | 1805–1826 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Hyacinthe Roch | 1826–1836 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
? Schlick | 1836–1841 |
Victor Roch | 1841–1849 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Nice
Joseph-François Desmorest | 1798–1804 |
François Berger | 1804–1805 |
Joseph-François Desmorest | 1805–1814 (the same like from 1798 to 1804) |
Aix-en-Provence
Laurent-Martin Coquelin | 1802–1809 |
Pierre-Gabriel Giraudon | 1809–1810 |
Louis Alexis | 1810–1811 |
Romain Labat | 1811–1814 |
François-Joseph Férey | 1814–1819 |
Bénigne-Nicolas-François Brochard | 1819–1820 |
Nicolas Burckhard | 1820–1834 (his last name is also written Bourgard) |
Pierre-Thermidor Vermeille | 1834–1842 |
Henri-Charles Desmorest | 1842–1853 |
Laurent-Désiré Desmorest | 1853–1860 |
Vincent Bornacini | 1860–1870 |
Draguignan
Joseph Chaylan | 1799–1802 |
Jean Wolff | 1802 |
Matthieu Burckhard | 1802–1814 |
François-Joseph Heidenreich | 1814–1827 |
Jean-François Heidenreich | 1827–1835 |
Nicolas Chtarque | 1835–1841 |
Laurent Bornacini | 1841–1848 |
Vincent Bornacini | 1848–1849 |
Carpentras
François Berger | 1797–1799 |
Pierre-Nicolas-François Desmorest | 1799–1830 |
Adrien-Nicolas-Joseph Cané | 1830–1834 |
Antoine Garoux | 1834–1838 |
Jean-Jacques Erhardt | 1838–1843 |
Louis-Henri Desmorest | 1843–1849 |
Bourg-en-Bresse
François Lauret | active in 1738 |
Geniès Armilhon | active round 1765 (former executioner of Clermont-Ferrand) |
Nicolas Montagne | active in 1766 |
Désiré Giboz | active in 1792 |
Louis Ripert | 1792–1793 |
Claude-Antoine Chrétien | 1793–1794 (interim; executioner of Chalon) |
Charles Frey | 1794–1795 |
François Vially | 1795–1796 |
Pierre Ripert | 1796–1797 (interim; executioner of Lyon) |
Jean-Pierre Reine | 1797–1805 (his name also appears as Rhein) |
Paul Martinet | 1805–1808 |
Jean Guillamet | 1808–1845 |
Nicolas Grosholtz | 1845–1849 |
Privas
Henri Labille | 1793–1794 |
Pierre-Nicolas-François Desmorest | 1794–1795 |
Jean-Pierre Bickler | 1798–1811 (his last name also appears as Pickler) |
Nicolas-Pierre Hermann | 1811–1832 |
Pierre Roch | 1832–1836 (his last name also appears as Rauch) |
Léonard Richim | 1836–1849 |
Valence
Laurent-Marin Coquelin | 1792–1793 |
Jean-Pierre Combe | 1793–1805 |
Jean-Baptiste-Oswald Cané | 1805–1822 |
Jean-François Cané | 1822–1835 |
François Wolff | 1835–1844 |
Hyacinthe Roch | 1844–1849 (his last name also appears as Rauch sometimes) |
Grenoble
Antoine de Loches | active in 1519 |
Guillaume de Leison | active in 1553 |
Vincent Brun | active in 1557 |
Michel Perrin | active in 1562 |
? Lerbras | c. 1565 |
? Rozeau | c. 1575 |
? Palevin | c. 1585 |
Michaud-Pierron | c. 1595 |
Jean Brocard | active in 1611 |
Jean Janon | active in 1670 |
Jean Eynard | active in 1674 |
Jean Janon | active in 1691 |
Jacques Joubert | 1702–1720 |
François Ripert | 1725–1782 |
Jean Ripert | 1782–1790 |
Pierre Ripert | 1790–1793 |
François Pache | active in 1793 |
Jean-Baptiste Desmorest | 1794–1808 |
Pierre-Joseph Vermeille | 1808–1820 |
Jean Guerchoux | 1820–1835 |
Jean-François Heidenreich | 1835–1847 |
Jean-Pierre Piot | 1847–1862 |
Feurs
Louis Faroux | 1793–1795 |
Montbrison
Louis-Richard Faroux | 1734–1760 |
Jean Faroux | 1760–1793 |
Jean Faroux | 1795–1799 |
Jean-Pierre Roch | en 1799–1801 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Louis Faroux | 1801–1813 |
Joseph-François Desmorest | 1813–1823 |
Nicolas Roch | 1823–1849 (last name also given as Rauch) |
Lyon
Jean Jacquenot | 1525–1526; active again in 1529 ? (his last name also appears written as Jacquemot) |
Antoine Benoît | -1723 (Benoit and his wife have been murdered in the night from May 18 to 19, 1723) |
Jean Lavoué | 1723–1735 |
Marguerite-Julienne Le Paistour | 1745–1749 (sacked after involving in a mayor robbery; married and became a housewife in Cancale) |
Jean Ripert | 1792–1794 |
Claude-Antoine Chrétien | 1804–1842 |
Henri Lac | 1853–1870 |
Chambéry
Laurent Rhein | 1794–1810 |
Pierre Rhein | 1810–1815 |
Jean-Emile Grosholtz | 1860–1866 |
Jules Cané | 1866–1868 (not 100% confirmed, but most likely) |
Haute-Savoie (74)
no executioner known so far |
Monsieur de Paris: The Executioners of the French Republic
In 1870 the Republic of France abolished all local executioners and named the executioner of Paris, Jean-François Heidenreich, Exécuteur des Arrêts Criminels, which became France's official description of the executioner's occupation. From then on there would be only one executioner to carry out death sentences for all of France except Corsica which would follow in 1875. As the Republic's executioner was required to live in Paris, people soon started to refer to him as "Monsieur de Paris", "The Mister from Paris". At the occasion of his nomination, Heidenreich could choose four among France's former local executioners to be his aides.
Jean-François Heidenreich | 1871–1872 |
Nicolas Roch | 1872–1879 |
Louis Deibler | 1879–1898 |
Anatole Deibler | 1899–1939 |
Jules-Henri Desfourneaux | 1939–1951 |
André Obrecht | 1951–1976 |
Marcel Chevalier | 1976–1981 |
French Guiana
Monsieur de Cayenne: The Executioners of the French Republic
Cayenne Central Prison never used its own guillotine. All death sentences of convicts and locally condemned prisoners were conducted at Saint-Laurent.
Monsieur de Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni|Saint-Laurent: The Executioners of the Bagne
All executioners of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni were Bagne inmates themselves.
Rasséguier | 1860(?)–1889 |
Louis-Auguste Chaumet | 1889–1898/1900 |
Isidore Hespel | 1898–1921 (nicknamed "Le Chacal" by the other inmates) |
Bonnefoy | 1921–1923 (inmate nr. 42164; nicknamed "Charlot" by the other inmates) |
Louis Ladurelle | 1923–1937 (his name also appears as Ladurel) |
Clouziot | 1937–1943 (nicknamed "Mouche à Bœuf" by the other inmates) |
Germany
Pre-Germany Executioners
Mannäi | ~20 a.C. (Machaerus) |
Ansbach
Friedrich ? (also known as Meister Friedrich) | 1575–1611 |
Augsburg
(name not found out yet) | 13th Century (The first one ever nominated as a professional executioner in Germany; that was in 1276, and for the first time – simultaneously – an executioner's job description was published) |
Veit Stolz | 1538–1613 |
Joas Lemler | ~1567 |
Hans Deibler | 1572–1594 (Before 1561–1571 in Memmingen; ancestor to the French Republic's- executioners Louis Deibler and Anatole Deibler) |
Michael Deibler | 1594–1621 |
Dietrich Metz | 1621–1624? |
Georg Leichumb | 1624–1629 |
Max Philipp Hartmann | 1677–1679 |
Johann Adam Hartmann | 1686–1706 |
Johann Jakob Scheller | ~1705 |
? Kuisle | -1714 |
Franz Trenckhler | 1714–1723 |
Johann Georg Tränckler | 1723–1730 |
Johann Adam Scheller | ~1730 |
Johann Georg Tränckhler | ~1768 |
Johann Pflügler | -1789 (suicided 1790) |
Babenhausen
? Fischer | ~1711 |
Bamberg
? Schmidt | ~1537 |
Berlin
Benedictus Barsch | 1535–1560 |
Hermann Rüter, or Hartmann Rüter | 1560–1571 |
Caspar Spiegel | 1576–1586 |
Martin Heintze | 1586-? |
Hans Lissen | 1631–1636 |
Gottfried Zürek | 1636–1639 |
? Gebhart | 1639–1653 |
Hans Rudolff | 1647–1655 |
Gottfried ? | 1655 |
Caspar Götze | 1655–1669 |
Hans Müller | 1669–1680 |
Heinrich Müller | 1681–1690 |
Martin Koblentz | 1690–1702 |
Hans Michael Eichfeld | 1702–1705 |
Augustin Konrad Walter | 1705–1710 |
Hans Michael Eichfeld | 1710–1714 |
Christopf Stoff | 1714 |
? Neumann | 1714–1719 |
Georg Wilhelm | 1720–1728 |
Martin Hennings | 1729–1731 |
Martin Weydemann | ~1731 |
Gottfried Weydemann | 1745–1748 |
Jakob Kratzel | 1748–1752 |
? Meyer | 1752–1769 |
Johann Daniel Brandt | 1769–1808 |
Christian Friedrich Krafft | 1808–1819 |
August Hellriegel | 1818–1834 |
? Hormuth | 1834 |
A. W. Krafft | 1834–1860 |
Bernau
Johann Christoph Jeck | 1729–1730 |
? Michaelis | 1730–1740 |
Martin Gottlieb Koch | 1740–1747 |
Andreas Kleine | 1747–17?? |
August Heinrich Kaufmann | 1780–1802 |
Carl Friedrich Kaufmann | 1802–1836? |
Wilhelm Weber | 1836–1850 |
Carl Altmann | 1853–1874? |
Friedrich Schmidt | 1874–1877 |
Ferdinand August Zimmermann | 1877-? |
Biberach
Barthel Deibler (also Deübler) | ~1637 |
Bitterfeld
? Heintze (known as Sohn des Torgauers) | 16..? |
Borna
? Polster | ~1723 |
Bötzow, Oranienburg
Dietrich Jeck | ~1586 |
Braunschweig
Claus Frölich | ~1652 |
Christoph Pfeffer | ~1724 |
? Funcke | ~1818 |
Bremen
? Adelarius | -1539 |
Christian Schwarz | 1827–1860 (Unknown when he passed from Bremen City's local executioner to Bremen's state executioner; from 1843 to 1859 he also was Hannover's state executioner) |
Johann Christian Göppel | 1738- |
Brüx
? Huß | ~1760 |
Burgau
Georg Vollmair | ~1734 |
Burglengenfeld
Georg Vollmar | ~1644 |
Celle
Suhr family | ~1650–1750 |
Cologne
Franz Joseph Wohlmuth | ~1566 |
Dillingen
Johann Vollmar | ~1639 |
Dinkelsbühl
? Span | ~1644 ( |
Donauwörth
Marx Deibler (also Max Deubler) | ~1625 |
Jakob Bickle | ~1640 |
Johann Michael Kober | ~1720 |
Johann Hörmann | 1802–1833 |
Dresden
Melchior Wahl "von Dreißigacker" | 1630–1647 |
Melchior Vogel | -1695 |
Dühnen
? Voss | ~1817 |
Eger
? Peter | ~1486 |
? Philipp | ~1581 |
? Huß | -1781 |
Karl Huß | 1781–1827 |
Frankenstein
Andreas Boden | ~1644 |
Frankfurt am Main
Schelm von Bergen | Mid-12th Century (Most likely not a professional executioner) |
? Hans | ~1370 |
? Friedrich | ~1446 |
Jonas Fischer | -1690 |
Freiberg/Sachsen
Christian Naumann | ~1690 | Johann David Naumann | - 1729 |
Füssen
Jakob Bayr | ~1720 |
Görlitz
? Kühn | -1641 |
Günzburg
Bartholomaeus Abrel | -1652 |
Berthin Aberel | -1659 |
Barthlome Abrell | -1707 |
Johann Michael Klingensteiner | 1707–17?? |
Johann Klingensteiner | -1765 (Günzburg) |
Josef Anton Klingensteiner | ~1775 (Günzburg) |
Haigerloch
Steinmeyer family | ~1750 |
Jakob Steinmeyer | 1764- |
Xaver Steinmeyer | ~1779 |
Halle
? Fritz | ~1747 |
Hamburg
? Vicko | 1372–1384 |
Peter Funcke | 1384–1402? |
? Rosenfeld | ~1402 |
Johann Hagedorn | 1471- |
Michael Dannenberg | -1485 |
Klaus Flügge | 1485–1488 |
Hinrich Penningk | 1521–1528 |
Claus Rose | 1528–1547 |
Heinrich Wendeborn | 1547–1576 |
Jürgen Böhme | 1576–1612 |
Max Graf | 1612–1621 |
Valtin Matz | 1622–1639 |
? Gebhart (or Gevert?) | 1639-? |
Ismael Asthusen I. | 1653–1664 |
Berthold Deutschmann | 1664–1674 |
Jakob Stoeff | 1674–1685 |
Ismael Asthusen II. | 1685–1703 |
Ismael Asthusen III. | 1703–1722 |
Franz Wilhelm Hennings I. | 1722-? (1735?) |
Ismael Asthusen IV. | 17?? (1735?) -1767 |
Franz Wilhelm Hennigs II. | 1767–1773 |
Franz Wilhelm Hennings III. | 1773 |
Franz Wilhelm Hennings IV. | 1773–1790 |
Franz Wilhelm Hennings V. | 1790–1822 |
Franz Wilhelm Hennings VI. | 1822–1830 |
Raphael Georg Voigt | 1830–1852 |
Hannover
Johann Hartmann | 1818–1831 |
Johann Voß | –1843 |
Christian Schwarz | 1843–1857 (from 1857 to 1859 Hannover's state executioner; local executioner in Bremen from 1827 to 1860) |
Heidelberg
? Nord | ~1812 |
Heilbronn
Hans Maurer | ~1446 () |
Helmstedt
? Ingermann | ~1609 |
Hof
Heinrich Schmidt | 16th Century (father of Nürnberg's Franz Schmidt) |
Holzen
Michael Schiler | -1639 |
Hoya
Christian Ludwig Fröhlich | 1830- |
Husum
Albert Möller | -1630 |
Philipp Möller | -1630 |
Kaufbeuren
Hans Abril | ~1659 |
Hans Conrad Näher | -1666 |
Christoph Seitz | ~1685 |
Conrad Fuchs | ~1705 |
Johannes Seitz | ~1715 |
Mattheß Fux | ~1720 |
Johann Seitz | ~1732 |
Johann Michael Weydenkeller | 1732–1757 |
Johann Georg Fux | 1773- |
Kiel
? Pickel (also Bickel) | ~1722 |
Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia)
Johann Christoph Neumann | 1756- |
Landeck, Silesia (now in Poland
? Stein | ~1800 |
Lauingen
Johann Vollmar | ~1652 |
Leipzig
Heyland family | 1600- |
Christoph Hain | ~1621 |
Christoph Heintze | -1695 |
Polster family | 1695- |
Lentzen
Heintze (known as Sohn des Torgauers) | mid-17th Century |
Lindau
Johann Näher | 1623–1640 / 1650- (1639–1650 in Zurich, Switzerland) |
Markt Oberdorf
Hans Enderes Abrel | ~1628 |
Andreas Kuisl | 1655–1678 |
Wilhelm Kober | -1714 |
Nikolaus Kober | 1714–1763 |
Wilm Kober | 1763–1786 |
Baptist Trinkler | ~1786 |
Memmingen
Hans Leycham | 1553–1561? |
Hans Deibler | 1561–1571 (After 1571 til 1594 in Augsburg; ancestor to the French Republic's executioners Louis Deibler and Anatole Deibler) |
Jakob Deibler (also Teübler) | 1571- |
Bartholme Deibler (also Teubler) | 1607- |
Matheus Fux (also Matheiß Fux) | 1656–1696 |
Conrad Fux | ~1696 |
Johann Fuchs | -1720 |
Johann Conrad Nejer | ~1720 |
? Widemann | 1743–1767 |
Heinrich Widmann | ~1772 |
Jakob Bickel | ~1773 |
Johann Michael Widemann | ~1777 |
Heinrich Widmann | ~1778 |
Munich
Martin ? | ~1760 |
Martin Hörmann | 1813–1841 (Munich) |
Lorenz Scheller | 1829–1854 (after 1854, Scheller was Bavaria's state executioner) |
Nördlingen
Dietrich Brenner | ~1469 |
Ulrich Tucher | ~1515 |
Conrat Raab | 1557–1565 |
Conrad Fischer | 1565–1568 |
Ulrich Fischer | 1568- |
Hans Jerg Defner | ~1677 |
Nürnberg
Hans Wintter | 1460–1470 |
Hans ? | ~1479 |
? Gilg | 1525 |
Franz Schmidt (also known as Meister Franz) | 1572–1617; was the first executioner to ever write a book about his occupation; deceased 1634) |
Bernhard Schlegel | 1617- |
Valentin Deusser | -1641 (carried out sentences just a few months) |
Matthäus Perger | 1645- |
Johann Michael Widmann | 1738–1757 (Nürnberg) |
Ohlau
Andreas Tinel | ~1600 |
Öttingen
Caspar Vollmer | -1640 |
Philipp Deibler (also Deubler) | 1643- |
Johann Fuchs | ~1650 (deceased 1672) |
Georg Vollmer | 1668- |
Georg Schöppelen | 1690- |
Passau
Kaspar Neithart | ~1618 |
Pfaffenhausen
Johann Adam Scheller | 1718- |
Regensburg
Johann Fuchs | ~1720 |
Sangershausen
Emanuel Hamel | ~1860 |
Schönegg
Johann Trenkler | ~1722 |
Schongau
Jörg Abriel (also Johann Georg Abrellen) | 17.08.1544–1593 | Georg Abrellen | 1597–1633 |
Hans Jakob Kuisl | 1683–1696 | ||
Hans Kuisl | 1711–1734 | ||
Jakob Kuisl | 1735- | ||
Johann Georg Widmann | 1751–1781 | ||
Josef Benedikt Kuisl | 1783–1807 | ||
Johann Michael Kuisl | 18??- (Most likely the last executioner for Schongau) | ||
Schrobenhausen
? Schmidt | ~1740 |
Schwabmünchen
Jakob Stangel | 1583- |
Leonhard Tallhover | ~1720 |
? Rörle | -1800 |
Siegburg
? Hansen (known as "Dr. Hansen") | -1694 |
Sonthofen
Andreas Kuisl | 1678- |
Johann Michael Kopp | 1703–1753 |
Johannes Georg Kopp | 1753–1801 |
Remigus Metz | 1801- |
Sponheim
Eberhard Schmid | 1774- |
Stuttgart
Markus Bickel | 1660- |
Jakob Bickel | |
Andreas Bickel | |
Johannes Bickel | -1691 |
Adolph Grossholz | ~1720 (Stuttgart) |
Thann in Bavaria
? Kester | -1544 |
Torgau
? Heintze | before 1695 (father of Leipzig executioner Christoph Heintze) |
Ulm
Hans Conrad Näher | 1666- |
Dietrich Deigentesch | ~1680 |
Waal
Johann Georg Igel | -1783 |
Franz Xaver Igel | 1783- |
Wassertüdingen
Carl Fuchs | ~1677 |
Weißenhorn
two brothers Metz | ~1640 |
Jakob Igel | ~1787 |
Josef Igel | ~1798 |
Wittstock
Hans ? 1537
Wrietzen
Martin Heintze | ~1606 |
Baden
Michael Müller | 1854–1886 |
Franz Müller | 1886–1888 |
Jakob Müller | 1888–1908 |
Karol Wypyszewski | 1893–1896 (Baden) |
Benjamin Burckhardt | 1884–1896 (Baden) |
Karl Burckhardt | 1896–1935 (state executioner also for Württemberg and Hesse) |
Karl Müller | 1908– after 1922 (Since 1921 state executioner also for Hesse) |
Konrad Widder | 1922–1923 (Baden) |
Friedrich Hehr | 1935–1949 (state executioner also for Württemberg and Hesse, from 1937 on imperial executioner) |
Bavaria
Anton Leisner | -1852 |
Heinrich Graul | ~1852 (Bavarian Palatinate) |
Lorenz Scheller | 1854–1880 |
Franz Reichhart | after 1854 |
? Kisslinger | -1894 |
Franz Xaver Reichhart | 1894–1924 (Bavaria) |
Johann Baptist Reichhart | (Bavaria) 1924–1937 (from 1937 on imperial Executioner) |
Bremen
Christian Schwarz | 1827–1860 (Unknown when he was nominated from Bremen City's local executioner to Bremen state executioner; from 1843 to 1859 he also was the state's executioner in Hannover) |
Hannover
Christian Schwarz | 1857–1859 (from 1843 til 1857 local executioner for Hannover; also local executioner in Bremen from 1827 to 1860) |
? Bormann | 1859–1870 |
Julius Krautz | 1870–1878 (from 1878 state executioner for Prussia) |
Hesse
Karl Burckhardt | 1896–1935 (state executioner also for Baden and Württemberg) |
Karl Müller | 1921 (from 1908 to after 1922 also state executioner in Baden) |
Friedrich Hehr | 1935–1949 (state executioner also for Baden and Württemberg, from 1937 on imperial executioner) |
Prussia
Georg Eduard Voigt | 1852– |
Julius Krautz | 1878–1889 (until 1878 state executioner of Hannover) |
Friedrich Reindel | 1889–1898 |
Wilhelm Reindel | 1899–1901 |
Alwin Engelhardt | 1900–1906 (executioner for once more, and also for Saxony, from 1933 to 1936) |
Lorenz Schwietz | 1900–1914 |
Richard Schwietz | 1913–1915 |
Carl Gröpler | 1906–1937 (after 1927 executioner also for Saxony) |
Paul Spaethe | 1912–1924 (1923 also Saxony) |
Joseph Kurz (also Kurzer) | 1924–1927 |
Fritz Reichelt | 1927–1933 |
Alwin Engelhardt | 1933–1936 (executioner also for Saxony from 1933 to 1936) |
Saxony
? Fritzsche | active in the 1840s and 50s |
Otto Oswald Brand | -1885 () |
Moritz Brand | 1885–1923/1927 |
Paul Spaethe | 1923–1927 (state executioner for Prussia from 1912 to 1924) |
Carl Gröpler | 1927–1937 (from 1906 til 1937 executioner also for Prussia) |
Alwin Engelhardt | 1933–1936 (executioner also for Saxony from 1933 to 1936; executed Martinus van der Lubbe) |
Württemberg
? Schwarz | -1888 |
? Siller | 1888–1926 (Württemberg) |
Karl Burckhardt | 1896–1935 (state executioner also for Baden and Hesse) |
Friedrich Hehr | 1935–1949 (state executioner also for Baden and Hesse, from 1937 on imperial executioner) |
Unknown
Hans Kordess | –1918 (according to the New York Times April 25, 1918) |
Executioners from 1936/37 to 1945
Ernst Reindel | 1936–1943 (sources vary about his start) |
Johann Baptist Reichhart | (Bavaria) 1937–1945 (from 1924 to 1937 state executioner for Bavaria; from 1945 to 1947 Interim time and Occupation executioner) |
Friedrich Hehr | 1937–1945 (from 1935 to 1937 state executioner for Baden, Württemberg and Hesse; from 1945 to 1949 Interim time and Occupation executioner) |
Karl Burckhardt | 1937–1945 (before 1935 state executioner for Baden, Hesse and Württemberg) |
Gottlob Bordt | 1940–1945 |
Alfred Roselieb | 1941–1945 |
Wilhelm Friedrich Röttger | 1942–1945 |
Karl Henschke | 1943–1945 |
August Köster | 1943–1945 |
Alois Weiß | 1943–1945 |
Johann Mühl | 1943–1945 (from 1946 to 1947 Interim time executioner) |
Fritz Witzka | 1943–1945 |
Buchenwald
Hermann Helbig | |
Martin Sommer | 1938–1943 |
Westerbork
Klaas Faber (-1945) |
Interim Executioners (from 1945 to 1949)
Johann Baptist Reichhart | (Bavaria) 1945–1947 (from 1924 to 1937 state executioner for Bavaria; from 1937 to 1945 Imperial executioner; also Occupation executioner with the rope for the American Military justice) |
Friedrich Hehr | 1945–1949 (from 1935 to 1937 state executioner for Baden, Württemberg and Hesse; from 1937 to 1945 Imperial executioner; after 1946 also Occupation executioner with the rope for the British Military justice) |
Johann Mühl | 1946–1947 (from 1943 to 1945 Imperial executioner) |
Wilhelm Burckhard | 1945–1949 |
Clemens Dobbek | after 1945, "working" in 1947 |
Horst Schwenke | after 1945–1949 (possibly still nominated/active for Western Berlin after 1949; executed Berthold Wehmeyer May 11, 1949, the last sentence carried out by order of a German court in Germany) |
Walter Böttcher after 1945 (from 1949 on executioner in the German Democratic Republic) | |
Heinz M. | 1946– |
Clemens Dobbek | - 1949 (after 1949 executioner for Western Berlin) |
West Germany (1949 to 1951/53)
Except for Western Berlin where the Allied did not validate the new German constitution, West Germany had abolished capital punishment May 23, 1949. For West Berlin, the death penalty would still continue in law until January 20, 1951. Despite at least one executioner continued nominated, no death sentences or executions ordered by German courts in that period have been reported so far.
Clemens Dobbek | 1949–1951 (before 1949 interim executioner, most likely in West Berlin only) |
East Germany (1949 to 1987)
Walter Böttcher | 1949–1960s |
Hermann Lorenz | 1968–1987 (last execution carried out June 25, 1981) |
Germans
Johann Baptist Reichhart | (Bavaria) 1945–1947 (from 1924 to 1937 state executioner for Bavaria; from 1937 to 1945 German executioner; after 1945 also Interim time executioner with the guillotine for German justice; executed for the US Military justice) |
Friedrich Hehr | 1946–1952 (from 1935 to 1937 state executioner for Baden, Württemberg and Hesse; from 1937 to 1945 executioner for the German state; after 1945 also interim executioner with the guillotine for German justice |
Gustav Völpel | 1945–1950 (in 1950 arrested, condemned for burglary and armed robberies and in jail until 1957; executed for the Soviet Military) |
Americans
John Clarence Woods | 1944–1946 |
Joseph Malta | 1946–1947 |
British
Albert Pierrepoint | 1945–1949 (from 1932 to 1941 assistant executioner and then chief executioner until 1956 in England) |
Soviet
Hungary
Until 1868 most of executors employed by one-one bigger cities(who possessed the "pallosjog " [right for execution] e. c. Buda) or travellers(gypsied) did this as temporary job(until the 18th century). Emperor Joseph II introduced a law reform. The separate legislatures of the cities will be abolished, as will the patrimonial tribunal and the "pallos jog" of the estates. Before that, bakó(executioner) belonged to the status of the county, the city, the larger estate, now five executioners will be enough throughout Hungary. Later he abolished even the capital punishment(except in the military cases)but in 1795 Emperor Franz I. reintroduced.[3]
*Schüch Pál executioner of Pest
The list of state executioners[4]
- Kornberger, Mihály executioner (1850?–1867)[He was executioner of Buda but later became a non official executioner of the whole country in criminal but not political cases][5][6]
- Kozarek, Ferenc state executioner( 1876–1894)
- Bali, Mihály state executioner (1894–1925)
- Gold, Károly state executioner (1925–1928)
- Kozarek, Antal state executioner (1929–1932)
- Id.(Senior) Bogár(Kovács), János state executioner (1932–1944)
- Ifj. (Junior) Bogár, János state executioner (1944–1965?) (He executed: before 1945: some political prisoners, after 1945: Ferenc Szálasi, László Rajk, Imre Nagy and all death sentenced people between this time).
- Pradlik, György the last state executioner (-1988)
India
Mullick family, Culcutta
- Shivlal Mullick (West Bengal)
- Nata Mullick (son of Shivlal Mullick) (hanged Dhananjoy Chatterjee in 2004) (West Bengal)
- Mahadeb Mullick (son of Nata Mullick) (West Bengal) (nominated, but not confirmed if he actually ever took the "job")
- Prabhat Mullick (grandson of Nata Mullik) (West Bengal)
Lakshman Ram family, Meerut
- Lakshman Ram Majeera (hanged Bhagat Singh)
- Mammu Singh (son of LakshmanRam Majeera) (Meerut, Uttar Pradesh)(last hanged Kanta Prasad Tiwari of Jabalpur(Madhya Pradesh) in year 1997)
- Kalu Ram (hanged one of the two Indira Gandhi murder convicts)
- Pawan Kumar (hanged the Nirbhaya rapists in 2020) (2011 -till date )[7]
(son of Mammu Singh) (Meerut)
- Babu Ahmad (West Bengal)
Others
- Arjun Bhika Jadhav (Maharashtra)
- Janardhan Pillai (Kerala)
- Pooja Raj (Delhi)
- "Jallad" Ahmadullah Khan (Uttar Pradesh) 1965-
- Balkrishna Rao Valekar (Madhya Pradesh) (Hanged Shivanand Tiwari, who accused murder of his wife and sons)
Ireland
Ireland consisted of the Kingdom of Ireland between 1534 and 1800; it was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801–1922; after that it was Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State; from 1937 the southern part was the Republic of Ireland.
- William Marwood[8]
- James O'Sullivan
- Albert Pierrepoint
- Elizabeth Sugrue[9]
ISIS
Mohammed Emwazi | -2015 (British citizen known as Jihadi John) |
Maxime Hauchard | active in 2014 (French citizen converted to Islam in 2008)[10] |
Michael Dos Santos | active in 2014 (French citizen who has been using the name Abou Othman after his conversion to Islam)[11] |
Israel
Shalom Nagar | 1962 |
Japan
Yamada Asaemon | 1736?−1881 (This is an hereditary name-title, including several generations) |
Libya
Benghazi
Huda Ben Amir | 1984-[12] |
Malaysia
Tadashi Suzuki | 1941–1945 (Japanese occupation executioner for Butterworth and Pulau Pinang)[13] | |
Rajendran Kuppusamy | -1986 (died Nov. 15, 2011)[14] | |
Kesavan A. Arumugam | before 2001 - after 2010 |
Netherlands
Amsterdam
Gerardus Jansen | -1826 |
Jacobus Ras | 1826–1837 |
Dirk Jansen | 1837–1870 |
Groningen
Joannes Jansen | 1821–1851 |
Utrecht
Hans Pruijm | 1604–1621 |
Zutphen
Anna Catharina Snijder | 1738–1803 |
New Caledonia
Monsieur de la Bagne: The Executioners of the Bagne
All executioners of New Caledonia's Bagne were inmates themselves.
Petit | 1867–1874 |
Meyer | 1874 |
Ambarreck | 1874- |
Henri Brissac | possibly -September 1879 (as a death penalty opposer and Commune de Paris member he was forced to "work" as an aide and most likely to execute later |
Guerino | after 1874 or 1879 - before 1882 |
Ledoux | - c. 1882 |
Jean-Louis Macé | c. 1882–1905 (nicknamed "Monsieur Nou" by the other inmates; last name also appears as Massé) |
Rieusset | 1905- (last name also given as Rieussec) |
Paturot | active in 1920 |
? Julian | after 1920 |
Dalstein | active in 1933 |
? | unknown Javanese inmate active in 1934 |
Jugaret | 1937–1943 (nicknamed "La Gueule" by the other inmates) |
New Zealand
Tom Long | 1877–1908 |
Norway
Augustus Høcker | 1689–1721 |
Johan Heinrich Helmschläger | 1684–1760 |
August Lædel | 1733–1749 |
Anton Lædel | 1799–1833 |
Torbjørn Pedersen | 1828–1834 |
Samson Isberg | 1841–1864 |
Theodor Larsen | 1864– |
Pakistan
In Pakistan, executioners have obligatorily to be Christians.
Tara Masih | -1984 (hanged Zulfikar Ali Bhutto) |
Kala Masih | (active in 1931, when he hanged Bhagat Singh) |
Lal Masih | 1984–2010 |
Sadiq Masih (senior) | (son of Kala Masih) |
Sadiq Masih (junior) | 1984- (son of Sadiq Masih senior) |
Sabir Masih | 2006/7- (son of Sadiq Masih junior) |
Papal States
Giovanni Bugatti | 1796–1865 |
Antonio Balducci | 1865–1870 |
Poland
Jan Mueller | –1793 |
Stefan Böhm | 1793–1813 or before |
Maciejewski | -1928 |
Jan Maciejewski | -1932 |
Artur Braun | 1932 (no executions, fired the morning after his nomination for shooting around woefully drunk while celebrating his new "job") |
Piotr Śmietański | 1948 or before-1951 |
Portugal
Belchior Nunes Carrasco | 15th Century (from his last name appeared the Portuguese word carrasco meaning hangman) |
Romania
Ionel Boeru | leader of the Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu firing squad December 25, 1989 |
Dorin Cârlan | member of the Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu firing squad December 25, 1989 |
Octavian Gheorghiu | member of the Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu firing squad December 25, 1989 |
Russia (USSR)
Mikhail Rodionovich Matveev | 1918–1923 / 1927–1937 or 1939 |
Vasili Blokhin | 1926–1952 |
Dmitry Vladimirovitch Uspensky | 1929 (or before) - 1931 (or after) |
Piotr Ivanovich Maggo | 1931–1940 |
Ernst Ansovich Mach | 1937- before 1948 |
Saudi Arabia
Abdallah Al-Bishi | |
Ahmed Rezkallah | |
Muhammad Saad al-Beshi[15][16] | |
Saeed Al-Sayaf | |
Singapore
Bert Seymour | -1959 |
Darshan Singh | 1959–2005 (sacked); 2005–2006 (readmitting to retirement) (so Singh did not carry out the execution of Van Tuong Nguyen in 2005)[17][18][19] |
South Africa
Christiaan "Chris" Barnard | 1962–1986 (no relation to heart surgeon Christiaan Barnard) |
Spain
Audiencia de Madrid
Francisco Ruiz Castellano | 1879 (or before) – 1888 (or after) |
Francisco Zamora | 1888 (or after) – 1897 |
Áureo Fernández Carrasco | 1897–1916 |
Casimiro Municio Aldea | 1915–1935 |
Cándido Cartón | 1940–1949 (see also Audiencia de Sevilla 1936–1939) |
Antonio López Sierra | 1949–1975 |
Audiencia de Barcelona
Nicomedes Méndez López | 1866–1912 |
Rogelio Pérez Cicario | 1913–1924 |
Federico Muñoz Contreras | 1924–1935 |
Vicente López Copete | 1953–1974 |
Audiencia de Burgos
Lorenzo Huertas | 1885–1890 |
Gregorio Mayoral Sendino | 1890–1928 |
Audiencia de Sevilla
José Caballero Quintana | active in 1906 |
Cándido Cartón | 1936–1939 (see also Audiencia de Madrid 1940–1949) |
Bartolomé Casanueva Ramírez | 1940–1948 |
Bernardo Sánchez Bascuñana | 1949–1972 |
José Monero Renomo | 1972–1977 |
Audiencia de Valladolid
Florencio Fuentes Estébanez | 1941 (or before) - 1953 |
Audiencia de Zaragoza
Marcos ? | -1840 |
José González Irigoyen | 1840–1896 |
Sweden
Mikael Reissuer (Stockholm) | 1635–1650 (nicknamed Mäster Mikael) |
Gabriel Alexandersson Meijer | end 1600s - beginning 1700s |
Alexander Gabrielsson Meijer (Västmanland, Uppsala) | 1721–1741 (son of Gabriel Alexandersson Meijer) |
Gabriel Meijer d.ä. (Örebro) | 1741–1765 or before (son of Alexander Gabrielsson Meijer) |
Anders Persson Trafware | 1702–1721 (Gävleborg) |
Lars Flink (Östergötland) | active in 1719 |
Brun (Malmö) | active in 1743 |
Carl Hjerpe (Göteborg) | 1765–1784 |
Lars Hjerpe (Göteborg) | 1784–1807 (son of Carl Hjerpe) |
Erik Lyckman (Kopparberg, Gävleborg, Västernorrland) | before 1794–1798 |
Jonas Sandwall (Asarum) | active in 1794 |
Niclas Öberg (Harbäcken, Strömsund) | -1813 |
Hemming Sjögren (Sjöbo) | 1816 or before - 1825 or after (himself executed ?) |
Carl Magnus Lidman (Uppsala, Gävleborg, Västernorrland) | active in 1822 |
Olof Olsson Häll (military and settlement executioner) | 1827–1833 |
Carl Ludvig Nafström (Stockholm) | 1832–1859) |
Styf (Hörsne, Gotland) | -1854 (himself executed for murder March 5, 1845) |
Hans Carlsson (Blekinge, Skåne) | -1838 |
Anders Pettersson (Blekinge, Skåne) | 1838–1868 |
Magnus Jarl | 1840 or before - 1861 or after |
Jacob Gyll (Västerbotten) | active in 1851 |
Johannes Jansson (Göteborg) | 1854 or before - 1857 or after |
Magnus Ferm (Örebro) | active in 1858 |
Johan Fredrik Hjort (Stockholm) | 1859–1882 |
Per Petter Christiansson Steineck (Jönköping/Vadstena) | 1861–1887 |
Albert Gustaf Dahlman (also called Anders Gustaf Dahlman; originally in Stockholm, from 1901 for the entire country) | 1885–1920 |
Switzerland
Aargau
Franz Josef Mengis | carried out Canton (= State) of Aargau's last public execution May 24, 1854, in Lenzburg |
Appenzell Innerrhoden
Ulrich Styvater | 1404- |
Basel
Bernhard Schlegel | -1374 (murdered by theft victim Peter Agsten after the thief hanged got back to live) |
Claus von Offenburg | 1393- or -1393 (?) |
Hans Körber | 1424–1436 |
Hans Seckeler | 1430–1445 |
Hans Krämer | 1445–1448 (nicknamed "Gangkly") |
Hans Heyd | 1448–1449 |
Ulrich von Eger | 1449–1458 |
Ulrich von Honwile | 1458–1467 or -1474 (?) |
Hans Schatz | 1474–1476 |
Jakob Rennisfeld | 1476–1488 |
Jakob Nydegger | 1488–1497 |
Ulrich | 1497–1509 |
Conrad von Horn | 1509–1511 or -1516 (?) |
Hans Schenk | 1516-518 |
Gilg Beck | 1518–1529 |
Jakob | 1529–1537 |
Niklaus Rod | 1537–1541 |
Jörg Volmar | 1541 (himself decapitated for murder still in 1541) |
Niklaus Schnatz | 1545–1546, 1552 (contract executioner from Berne) |
Pauli Fuerer | 1559–1569 or - 1572 (?) |
Georg Käser | 1572–1592 or -1612 (?) |
? Iseli | 1612–1633 |
Thomas Iseli | 1633 |
Conrad von Hagen | 1633–1635 |
Georg ? | 1635–1652 |
Paulus Stunzt | 1652 (contracted executioner from Saint-Gall) |
Jakob Günther | 1652–1692 |
Georg Friedrich Günther | 1692–1714 or -1726 (?) |
Hans Jakob Günther | 1692 |
? von Hagen | 1694–1695 or -1726 (?) |
Sebastian Näher | 1726–1745 |
Friedrich Näher | 1745–1758 or -1766 (?) |
Martin Mengis | 1766–1804 |
Peter Mengis | 1804–1838 |
Jacob Mengis | 1838–1850 (contracted executioner from Aargau since Bâle chose to not have an own executioner after 1838. |
Fribourg
? Deigentesch | ~1716 |
Geneva
François Tabazan | before 1602 - before 1624 |
Glarus
? Vollmer | ~1782 |
see also Schwyz |
Lucerne
Baltzer Mengis | ~1652 (also referred to as Balthasar Mengis) |
Saint-Gall
Vollmar family | 1695- |
Johannes Bettenmann | -1843 |
see also Schwyz |
Schwyz
Christoph Mengis | -1651 |
Christoph II. Mengis | 1651–1681 |
Johannes Mengis | 1681–1695 |
Balthasar Mengis | 1695–1723 |
Bernhard Mengis | 1723- |
? Mengis | -1779 |
Johann Melchior Grossholz | -1815 |
Augustin Grossholz | 1815–1826 |
Joseph Pickel | 1826–1829 |
Oswald Schlumpf | 1829–1830 |
Johann Bettenmann | 1855–1857 (also for Saint-Gall) |
Franz Xaver Schmid | 1830–1855 (also for Zug and Glarus) |
Thurgau
Johann Näher | 1797–1839 |
Uri
Franz Josef Grossholz | active in 1765 |
Nikolaus Grossholz | active in 1833 |
Vinzenz Grossholz | 1861- |
Zug
Franz Grossholz | 1822– |
Arthur X. | August 25, 1939 (official reference to the voluntary executioner of Paul Irniger, the "taxi killer of Baar"; born September 16, 1915, Arthur X. was given entrance at Burghölzli mental institution in Zurich because of paranoid schizophrenia September 12, 1947; September 1952 he was transferred to the Clinica Waldhaus mental institution in Chur where he deceased January 26, 1960)[20] |
see also Schwyz |
Zurich
Cunrat Grossholz | 1473- |
Paulus Volmar | 1587- |
Hans Jakob Volmar | |
Hans Jakob II. Volmar | |
Johann Näher | 1639–1650 (1623–1640 and again after 1650 in Lindau, Germany) |
Hans Jakob III. Volmar | -1697 |
Hans Jakob IV. Volmar | 1697- 1711 |
? Vollmer | 1820s |
Federal Executioner for all Swiss Death Penalty Cantons
Theodor Mengis | 1879–1918 |
Theodor Mengis Junior | 1918–1958 |
Thailand
Chavoret Jaruboon | 1984–2003 |
United Kingdom
Cratwell | to 1538 (London; in 1538 he was himself hanged for robbery)[21][22] |
"Stump-leg" | to 1556 (London; he was himself hanged for theft)[21][23] |
? Bull | before 1587–1601 (London) |
Thomas Derrick | 1601- before 1616 (London) |
Gregory Brandon | before 1616- before 1640 (London) |
Richard Brandon | before 1640–1649 (London) |
George Joyce | 1649 (London) : Lieutenant-colonel Joyce was named as the person who executed King Charles I by William Lilly.[24] |
William Lowen | 1649 (London)[25] |
Edward Dun | 1649–1663 (London)[26] (the subject of Groanes from Newgate, or an Elegy upon Edward Dun. Esq., the Citie's Common Hangman, who died naturally in his bed the 11th of September, 1663. Written by a person of Quality)[27] |
John Crossland | c1660 (Derby) supposed to have been one of three members of the same family convicted and then appointed hangman to hang the other two and then remaining in post.[28] |
Jack Ketch | 1663–1686 (London) |
Paskah Rose | 1686 (Bleackley (1929) graphs his name as Pasha Rose; London) |
John Price | 1714–1715 (London) |
William Marvell | 1715–1717 (London) |
James Aird | 1715–1723 (Scotland) |
? Banks (known as Banks the Bailiff) | 1717- after 1718 (London)[29] |
Richard Arnet | before 1726–1728[29] (London; hanged Jonathan Wild in 1725[30]) |
John Hooper | 1728–1735[31] (London; known as "the laughing hangman"[31]) |
John Thrift | 1735–1752 (convicted of murder in 1750, but pardoned and continued in office). (London);[32][33] executed Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat on 9 April 1747, the last man to be beheaded in England.[34] Thrift controversially was buried at St Paul's.[35] |
William Stout, of Hexham | 1746 York; hanged Francis Buchanan, two hours before a reprieve arrived.[36] |
Robert Clarke, a Butcher | 1749 Sussex; executed some smugglers and later hanged himself after being tricked out of money.[37] |
William Elliot | c1752 (London) executed at Tyburn on 10 June 1767 for housebreaking, he had been hangman earlier after John Thrift, Elliott was transported for felony, after the expiry of his term he returned continued as a common robber.[38] |
Thomas Turlis | 1752–1771 (London); hanged Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers with a silken rope, the last nobleman to be hanged in England[39]) |
Edward Hamlon | 1756 (Dublin); arrested, identified as topman (or hangman) and sentenced to transportation for attempted robbery.[40][41] |
1760 (Oxford) in April, 1760 the hangman enlisted into the army. It was reported that he had carried out many hangings.[42] | |
Joseph Cartwright | 1767 (Worcester) in April, 1767 this prisoner was under sentence of transportation when he hanged Samuel Turner, for housebreaking.[43] |
Andrew Boyle | c1768 (Edinburgh) a prisoner hangman, escaped wearing his wife's clothes, he was captured and escaped again from Arbroath. He was recaptured and found in possession of a watch, banknotes and other stolen items. He had previously been convicted of theft and then enlisted as a soldier.[44][45] |
Edward Dennis | 1771–1786 (London); the last hangman at Tyburn and the first at Newgate;[46] died 21 November 1786 at his home in the Old Bailey[47]) The hangman was arrested in 1780, and sent to the New Prison, Clerkenwell for involvement in crimes.[48] He was convicted for his part in the riots.[49] |
Henry Thornton, | 1773 (Sligo): Thornton the High Sheriff, had to step forward to carry out this when the official hangman was not at his post at the right moment, when Samuel Slack finished his speech to those assembled.[50] |
William Mcghie | c1775 (Glasgow) : when arrested for theft in 1775, he was described as 'late hangman in Glasgow'.[51] He was sentenced to be whipped through the city for repeated acts of theft, and banished for life.[52] |
? Allen | 1777 (Lincoln) : capitally convicted, then reprieved, he later hanged for Highway Robbery Thomas Hamm, a former accomplice of his.[53] |
Edward Barlow | 1781–1812 (Lancashire) |
A female | 1782 (Dublin) : an unidentied woman hanged two men for murder on 13th, November at Kilmainham, near Dublin. The men were also quartered. The sheriff received abuse for making a hangman of a woman.[54] |
Keenan | c1784 (Ireland) : described as "late hangman of the New Prison and is now an approver at Kilmainham, was four times capitally convicted, and will again, by a defect on our laws, be turned loose to commit more depredations on the public"[55] |
Thomas Woodham | c1785 (Gloucester). Aged 69 executed for highway robbery in Ilchester in August 1785, described as a former Gloucester hangman[56] |
William Brunskill | career lasted from 1786 to 1814 (London)[57] (started as assistant to Edward Dennis;[46] executed Catherine Murphy in 1789, the last woman to be burned at the stake in England) |
William Blackhall | c1787 (Oxford) reported as "on a former occasion, officiated as hangman, committed to our Castle, charged upon oath with stealing, out of a house".[58] |
John Howes | 1792 (Norfolk) : reported as "the hangman for Norfolk, committed to the house of correction at Wymondham, for want of sureties in a case of bastardy."[59] In a similar article in the Norfolk Chronicle of 4 February 1792, he is described as "the finisher of the law for this county" ('finisher of the law' being a euphemism for hangman). |
Thomas Davies | c1794 (Shropshire) : reported as "hangman for city and county of Shropshire, the Principalty of North Wales, Montgomeryshire etc died 1794.[60] |
Samuel Burrows | 1802–1834 (Cheshire) |
William Taylor | −1810 |
Jonathan Cole | 1802 (Suffolk) : county hangman charged with stealing oats. He was sentenced to transportation.[61][62] |
William "John" Curry | 1802–1835 (Yorkshire) |
John Read | 1803 (Hampshire) : the county hangman placed in the stocks and to serve 6 months.[63] |
Edward Barlow | 1806 (Lancashire) : it was reported that Old Ned the hangman was committed to Lancaster Castle for stealing a horse.[64] Edward Barlow for many years hangman, sentenced to be hanged for horse-stealing.[65] |
Josie Tait | c1807 (Dumfries) : named in a poem published in 1807.[66] |
Patrick Halpen | c1794–1809 (Newgate) Died whilst in the office of Finisher of the Law he had occupied for thirteen years, his widow is thought may succeeded him in his role as hangman.[67] |
Donald Ross | 1812–1834 (Inverness) appointed on a salary of £12 plus numerous perks. It was reported he was attached by a mob of mischievous boys and lads, and died on the spot. He was not replaced.[68] |
James Botting | 1813/17–1819 (London) |
John Langley | 1814–1817 (London)[69] |
James Botting | 1817–1820 |
John Milne (executioner) | -1818 (Aberdeen) |
Thomas Cheshire | 1820–1829 (London; known as "Old Cheese";[70] assistant from 1808 to 1820 and from 1820 to 1840)[71] |
James Foxen | 1820–1829 (London; name also given as Foxten) |
Samuel Haywood | 1820–1848 (Leicestershire & the Midlands) |
"Bungey's" Ralph Fleming | c1826 (Durham) Reported in the paper as being sought for theft of a cloak, the common hangman sentenced to 2 months in prison.[72][73] He was sentenced to transportation for seven years for theft of a cotton gown in September, 1829. It was said he had previously committed innumerable thefts.[74] |
William Lee | −1827 |
George Mitchell | 1828–1845 (Southwest) |
William Calcraft | 1829–1874 |
James Coates | 1835–1839 (Yorkshire) Coates was under sentence of seven years transportation but took on the role of hangman remaining in confinement at York Castle. He was one of three prisoners that escaped from the castle in 1839.[75] |
John Scott | 1835–1847 (last executioner of Edinburgh)[76] James Eddy was found guilty of his homicide, whilst drink he had assaulted Scott, who was said to be in frail health.[77] |
John Wilkinson | 1839–1840 (Yorkshire; no execution carried out) |
Nathaniel Howard | 1840–1853 (Yorkshire)[78] |
George Smith | 1843–1872 |
Thomas Askern | 1856–1877 (initially Yorkshire) |
Robert Anderson Evans | 1873–1883 |
William Marwood | 1872–1883 |
George Meker, or George Incher | 1875–1881 (Staffordshire) |
Bartholomew Binns | 1883–1884 |
James Berry | 1884–1891 (Home Office List) |
James Billington | 1884–1901 (Home Office List) |
Thomas Henry Scott | 1892–1895 (Home Office List) |
William Warbrick | 1893–1910 (Home Office List) |
Thomas Billington | 1897–1901 (Home Office List) |
Henry Pierrepoint | 1900–1910 (Home Office List) |
John Ellis | 1901–1923 (Home Office List) |
William Billington | 1902–1905 (Home Office List) |
John Billington | 1902–1905 (Home Office List) |
William Willis | 1906–1926 (Home Office List; assistant to John Ellis from 1906;[79] assisted him in the execution of Hawley Harvey Crippen[80]) |
Thomas Pierrepoint | 1906–1946 (Home Office List) |
Robert Baxter | 1915–1935 (Home Office List) |
Thomas Phillips | 1918–1941 (Home Office List) |
Robert Wilson | 1920–1936 (Home Office List) |
Alfred Allen | 1928–1937 (Home Office List) |
Stanley Cross | 1932–1941 (Home Office List) |
Albert Pierrepoint | 1932–1956 (Home Office List) |
Henry Kirk, or Harry Kirk | 1941–1950 (Home Office List) |
Stephen Wade | 1941–1955 (Home Office List) |
Henry Bernard Allen | 1941–1964 (Home Office List) |
Herbert Allen | 1949–early 1950s (assistant) not to be confused with Henry Bernard Allen above; both men were known socially as "Harry Allen" |
Syd Dernley | 1949–1954 (assistant) |
Robert Leslie Stewart | 1950–1964 (Home Office List) |
Royston Lawrence Rickard | 1953–1964 (assistant) |
Harry Frank Robinson | 1958–1964 (assistant) |
Samuel Barrass Plant | 1961–1964 (assistant) |
John Underhill | 1963–1964 (assistant) |
United States
John C. Woods (1911–1950). Hangman for the Third Army in WWII. He was one of the hangmen who executed Nazi war criminals.
Joseph Malta (1918–1999) was the hangman who, with John C. Woods, executed the top 10 leaders of the Third Reich in Nuremberg on October 16, 1946, for crimes against humanity.
Alabama
Clarence Burford, warden at Kilby Prison from 1952 to 1965, was involved in several executions.[81] | |
Murray Daniels, assistant warden at Kilby Prison in the 1950s, involved in eleven executions.[82] | |
J.D. White, warden at Holman Correctional Facility from 1980 to 1983, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences. Executed Alabama's first post-Furman inmate, John Louis Evans on April 22, 1983.[83] | |
Willie Johnson, warden at Holman Correctional Facility from 1983 to 1988, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences[84] | |
Charlie Jones, warden at Holman Correctional Facility from 1988 to 2002, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences[85] | |
Grantt Culliver, warden at Holman Correctional Facility from 2002 to 2009, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences[86] | |
Gary Hetzel, warden at Holman Correctional Facility since 2012, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences |
Arkansas
Maledon, George |
During the first part of the 20th century, operators of the electric chair were known as "State electricians".
Colorado
John J. "Jack" Eeles – corrections officer who served as hangman at Colorado State Penitentiary until he was murdered in a prison riot on October 3, 1929.[87] |
Wayne K. Patterson – warden at Colorado State Penitentiary who pulled the lever to start execution of Luis Jose Monge on June 2, 1967. This was the last execution in the United States prior to the 1972 US Supreme Court case Furman vs. Georgia, which temporarily invalidated the death penalty procedures nationwide. Patterson was opposed to capital punishment.[88] |
Indiana
Jack P. Duckworth | 1981 – Warden of Indiana State Prison at Michigan City who was required by law to throw the switch at the electrocution of Steven Timothy Judy[89] |
Louisiana
Louis Congo | c. 1725–1737 or after (an emancipated slave appointed public executioner of Louisiana (New France)) |
Grady H. Jarratt | 1941 (last name also given as Jarrett) |
Edward "Ephie" Foster | active in 1946 (substitute executioner) |
"Sam Jones" | 1983–1991 (Sam Jones is a pseudonym used by that executioner) |
Massachusetts
Edwin B. Currier | circa 1910 – Chief Engineer at Massachusetts General Hospital who operated electric chair control panel during executions at Charlestown Prison.[90] |
Mississippi
Jimmy Thompson – 1940–1950[91] |
Thomas Berry Bruce – 1957–1987.[92] He executed between 14 and 16 people,[93] including Jimmy Lee Gray,[94] during his career. |
Donald Hocutt – 1987–1995[95] |
Missouri
Alan R. Doerhoff | (apparently involved in executions also in Indiana, Arizona and at least one Federal) |
Erie County
County Sheriff (later President of the United States) Grover Cleveland | September 6, 1872 and February 14, 1873[96] |
New York State Electrician
Edwin Davis | 1890–1914 |
John Hulbert | 1913–1926 |
Robert Elliott | 1926–1939 |
Joseph Francel | 1939–1953 |
Dow Hover | 1953–1963 |
Before Statehood
- Sheriff John Ludlow on November 15, 1792 (today's Hamilton County)
Adams County
- Sheriff John Ellison, Jr. on December 10, 1808
Cuyahoga County
- Sheriff Samuel S. Baldwin and Deputy Sheriff & Coroner Levi Johnson on June 26, 1812
- Sheriff Miller S. Spangler on June 1, 1855
- Sheriff Felix Nicola on February 9 and 10, 1866 and August 10, 1866
- Sheriff John Frazee on February 4 or 13, 1869 and April 25, 1872
- Sheriff Pardon B. Smith on April 29, 1874
- Sheriff A. P. Winslow on June 22, 1876
- Sheriff John Wilcox on February 13, 1879
Fairfield County
- Sheriff Daniel Kishler and Coroner John Heck on October 14, 1836
Franklin County
- Sheriff William Domigan and Coroner A. W. Reader on February 9, 1844 (a double execution, including the first reported execution of a woman in Ohio's history)
- Sheriff Silas W. Park and Coroner Elias Gaver on December 17, 1858
Gallia County
- Sheriff Samuel Holcomb on September 9, 1817
Ross County
- Sheriff Jeremiah McLene and Coroner Benjamin Urmston on August 3, 1804
Portage County
- Sheriff Asa Burroughs on November 30, 1816
State Executioners with the Gallows
- Warden Isaac Peetry between 1885 and 1886, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden E.G. Coffin between 1886 and 1890, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden B.F. Dyer between 1890 and 1892, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden C.C. James between 1892 and 1896, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden E.G. Coffin between 1896 and 1897, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
State Executioners with the Electric Chair
- Warden E.G. Coffin between 1897 and 1900, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden W.N. Darby between 1900 and 1903, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden E. A. Hershey between 1903 and 1904, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden O.B. Gould between 1904 and 1909, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden T.H.B. Jones between 1909 and 1913, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden D.E. Thomas between 1913 and 1935, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden J.C. Woodard between 1935 and 1939, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden F.D. Henderson between 1939 and 1948, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden R.W. Alvis between 1948 and 1959, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden B.C. Sacks between 1959 and 1961, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
- Warden E.L. Maxwell between 1961 and 1963, required by state law to be the executioner of death sentences
Oklahoma
- S.C. Treadwell and Mack Treadwell between 1909 and 1919
- Rich Owens between 1918 and 1947[97]
- Mike Mayfield, corrections officer between 1962 and 1966[98]
Pennsylvania
- Zoe Himes in 1911 (a secretary of Clarion County, PA, Court House, she reportedly executed Vincent Voycheck on June 1, 1911)
- Frank Wilson electrical industry superintendent from Pittsburgh area who served as executioner between 1939 and 1953 at Rockview Prison.[99]
South Carolina
Tench Boozer (1911–1918)[100]
Texas
- Joe Byrd – Captain of the guard at the Walls Unit who served as executioner between 1936 and 1964.[82] The nearby prison cemetery, where unclaimed remains of executed inmates are buried by the state, is named in his honor.
- W. James "Jim" Estelle – Director of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) between 1972 and 1983. Was designated executioner under policy developed by the TDCJ in 1976.[101] Was the individual pushing the drugs into the IV lines at the December 1982 execution of Charlie Brooks, the first inmate in the United States to be executed by lethal injection.
Virginia
Jerry Givens | 1982–1999 – Givens, a corrections officer at Virginia State Penitentiary and later Greensville Correctional Center, served as official executioner for all executions carried out in the state during this time period. |
Jefferson County
Sheriff James W. Campbell and Deputy Sheriff John Avis | (hanged John Brown December 2, 1859) |
Zimbabwe and former Rhodesia
Jack Catchpole | predecessor to "Ted" "Lofty" Milton; former Rhodesia's chief executioner until 1963 |
Edward "Lofty" Milton | 1954 - after 1968; former Rhodesia's chief executioner after 1963 |
Sources
- Books
- Anderson, Patrick R.: "Expert witnesses: Criminologists in the Courtroom".|Albany: State University of New York, 1987
- Armand, Frédéric: Les Bourreaux en France: Du Moyen-Âge à l'Abolition de la Peine de Mort. Paris (75): Éditions Perrin, 2012
- Delarue, Jacques: Le Métier de Bourreau: Du Moyen Âge à Aujourd'hui. Paris (75): Fayard, 1979
- Evans, Richard J.: Rituals of Retribution: Capital Punishment in Germany, 1600–1987. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996; London: Penguin Books, 1997
- Goulart, José Alípio: Da Palmatória ao Patíbulo: Castigos de Escravos no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Editora Conquista, 1971
- Koch, Tankred: Die Geschichte der Henker: Scharfrichterschicksale aus acht Jahrhunderten. Heidelberg: Kriminalistikverlag, 1988; Herrsching: Manfred-Pawlak-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1991
- Lachance, André: Le Bourreau au Canada sous le Régime Français. Québec, QC: Société historique de Québec, 1966
- Martschukat, Jürgen: Inszeniertes Töten: Eine Geschichte der Todesstrafe vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert. Köln: Böhlau, 2000; Hamburg: 2006
- Nowosadtko, Jutta: Scharfrichter und Abdecker: Der Alltag zweier "unehrlicher Berufe" in der Frühen Neuzeit. Paderborn: 1994
- Ribeiro, João Luiz: No Meio das Galinhas as Baratas Não Têm Razão: A Lei de 10 de Junho de 1835 – Os Escravos e a Pena de Morte no Império do Brasil 1822–1889. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Renovar, 2005.
- Rossa, Kurt: Todesstrafen: Von den Anfängen bis heute. Bergisch-Gladbach: Bastei-Lübbe-Verlag, 1979
- Streib, Victor L.: The Fairer Death: Executing Women in Ohio. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2006
- Welsh-Huggins, Andrew: No Winners Here Tonight: Race, Politics, and Geography in One of the Country's Busiest Death Penalty States. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2009
- Magazine sources
- Newspaper Sources
References
- Did not carry out any execution; officially nominated that day, he refused the "job" and persisted in his refusal, changing his mind not even when tortured to make him reconsider. The next day, April 28, 1825, two anonymous convicts of whose names have not appeared records so far, if there are any surviving somewhere, refused the "job" either and so persisted when being shown the gallows and in front of them announced they'd be hanged there later; they preferred their own hangings
- "Chinese executioner says job not "complicated"". Reuters. November 14, 2011.
- "Szilágyi Sándor: A Magyar Nemzet Története".
- Vajna Károly: Hazai régi büntetések, II. kötet, Lőrincz János „Univers” Könyvnyomdája, Budapest, 1907, http://mek.oszk.hu/12700/12701/pdf/12701_02-2.pdf Gábor Ármin Barna: Hóhérlakok Budán és Pesten II., 2019, in: Patibulum blog, https://patibulum.blog.hu/2019/08/21/hoherlakok_budan_es_pesten_ii Tóth Rebeka: A halálbüntetés kronológiája Magyarországon, 2019, in: arsbona.hu, https://arsboni.hu/a-halalbuntetes-kronologiaja-magyarorszagon/
- "Schuller szolgálatának vége egybeesik az 1848–1849-es forradalom és szabadságharc bukásával. Nem tudjuk, önként vagy utasításra vonult-e nyugalomba harmincegy év után, de 1849-től új, szintén brünni származású hóhér, Both Ferenc váltotta fel őt. Mintha az elnyomó osztrák hatalom még a büntetés-végrehajtókban sem bízott volna a forradalmi időkből. Tény, hogy míg a budai oldalon Schuller korábbi segédje, a győri születésű Kornberger Mihály kizárólag köztörvényes bűncselekményért elítélteken hajtotta végre a halálbüntetést, addig Both a forradalmi cselekedeteikért halálra ítélt politikai foglyok kivégzését is vállalta. Az állami terror idején Schuller József alakja egy letűnt, reményteli korszak emlékét idézte, amikor még a hóhér vörös megkülönböztető öltözetének szabása is magyaros volt a kivégzéseken…" https://fovarosikeptar.hu/tanulj-velunk-tortenelmet-2021-9-10-evfolyam/a-forradalom-es-a-szabadsagharc/
- "Tanulmányok Pest megye múltjából - Pest Megye Múltjából 11. (Budapest, 2006) | Könyvtár | Hungaricana".
- View to a kill: Indian hangman prepares for his first execution The Guardian 18.09.2014
- "Marwood the Executioner – Ireland's Own".
- "How Ireland's only female executioner got the job". www.irishexaminer.com. April 18, 2019.
- "Maxime Hauchard". United Nations Security Council. United Nations. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
- Sage, Adam (20 November 2014). "Second French killer identified from video". The Times. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
- Meo, Nick (March 6, 2011). "'Huda the executioner' – Libya's devil in female form". The Daily Telegraph. London.
- "Old Penang: Suzuki, the "Hippy" Executioner: October 2013". Anilnetto.com. 2013-10-06. Retrieved 2014-09-02.
- murmurs (2011-12-29). "murmurs: December 2011". Kharleezzubin.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2014-08-14.
- "Saudi executioner tells all". BBC News. June 5, 2003.
- "MEMRI TV". MEMRI. Archived from the original on December 15, 2006.
- "Singapore executioner 'sacked'". BBC News Online. 28 November 2005.
- Levett, Connie; Butcher, Steve (30 November 2005). "Hangman ignites outrage". Melbourne: Reuters.
- Darshan didn't do it, The Age, 3 December 2005
- "Arthur X: Des Henkers Fall". Der Schweizerische Beobachter Online. 17 September 1999.
- Donald Rumbelow (1982). The Triple Tree: Newgate, Tyburn, and Old Bailey. Harrap. p. 176. ISBN 0245538771.
- Richard Grafton (1809). Grafton's chronicle, or history of England: to which is added his table of the bailiffs, sheriffs and mayors of the city of London from the year 1189, to 1558, inclusive : in two volumes. Vol. 2. Johnson. p. 463.
- Andrew Barrett; Christopher Harrison, eds. (1999). Crime and punishment in England: a sourcebook. Routledge. p. 54. ISBN 1857288718.
- "A discovery of the person who beheaded King Charles I". The Scots Magazine. 1 January 1776. p. 16.
- Frederic George Stephens; Mary Dorothy George, eds. (1870). Catalogue of prints and drawings in the British Museum: Division I. Political and personal satires. Vol. 1. Trustees of the British Museum. p. 421.
- Bleakley (1929) p. 4
- William Thomas Lowndes (1834). The bibliographer's manual of English literature containing an account of rare, curious, and useful books, published in or relating to Great Britain and Ireland, from the invention of printing: with bibliographical and critical notices, collations of the rarer articles, and the prices at which they have been sold in the present century. W. Pickering. p. 628.
- "John Crossland". Chester Chronicle. 10 May 1793. p. 4.
- Bleakley (1929) p. 39
- Gerald Howson (1985). Thief-Taker General: Jonathan Wild and the emergence of crime and corruption as a way of life in eighteenth-century England. Transaction Publishers. pp. 132, 276. ISBN 0887380328.
- Bleakley (1929) p. 55
- John Brown (1820). Memoirs of George the Third, late king of Great Britain: including characters and anecdotes of the British court. H. Fisher. p. 129.
- Pat Rogers (1980). Hacks and dunces: Pope, Swift and Grub Street. University paperbacks. Vol. 704. Taylor & Francis. p. 92. ISBN 0416742408.
- Lloyd Bradley; Thomas Eaton (2005). Book of Secrets. Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 138. ISBN 0740755617.
- "On Monday". Manchester Mercury - Tuesday 19 May 1752. p. 3.
- "Country News". Derby Mercury. 31 October 1746. p. 2.
- "Country News". Derby Mercury. 3 February 1749. p. 3.
- "On Thursday last". Stamford Mercury - Thursday 18 June 1767. p. 3.
- Timothy Vance Kaufman-Osborn (2002). From noose to needle: capital punishment and the late liberal state. Law, meaning, and violence. University of Michigan Press. p. 77. ISBN 0472088904.
- "Dublin". Pue's Occurrences. 6 April 1756. p. 1.
- "Dublin". Pue's Occurrences. 27 April 1756. p. 2.
- "Oxford". Oxford Journal. 26 April 1760. p. 2.
- "Worcester, April 30". Oxford Journal. 2 May 1767. p. 3.
- "Extract of a letter from Stirling". Caledonian Mercury. 9 April 1768. p. 2.
- "Extract of a letter from Sterling". Oxford Journal. 16 April 1768.
- Jeremy Beadle; Ian Harrison (2008). Firsts, Lasts & Onlys: Crime. Anova Books. p. 39. ISBN 978-1905798049.
- John Laurence (1971). A history of capital punishment: with special reference to capital punishment in Great Britain. Kennikat Press. p. 104. ISBN 0804611149.
- "9". The Ipswich Journal. 24 June 1780. p. 1.
- "Trials of the Rioters". Chester Courant - Tuesday 11 July 1780. p. 1.
- "Ireland". Leeds Intelligencer. 5 October 1773. p. 2.
- "Yesterday". Caledonian Mercury. 13 September 1775. p. 3.
- "Edinburgh". Caledonian Mercury - Wednesday 28 February 1776. p. 2.
- "On Friday". Derby Mercury. 25 July 1777. p. 4.
- "on the 13th". Oxford Journal. 23 November 1782. p. 1.
- "Keenan". Saunders's News-Letter. 18 June 1784. p. 1.
- "Ilchester". Hereford Journal. 18 August 1785. p. 5.
- Bleakley (1929) p. 135
- "Oxford". Reading Mercury. 5 March 1787. p. 3.
- "John Howes". Stamford Mercury. 10 February 1792. p. 3.
- "Death". Chester Chronicle - Friday 11 July 1794. p. 3.
- "Thursday". The Ipswich Journal. 6 February 1802. p. 3.
- "Sunday". The Ipswich Journal. 18 December 1802. p. 2.
- "Winchester". Hampshire Telegraph - Monday 26 December 1803. p. 3.
- "Old Ned". Manchester Mercury. 7 January 1806. p. 4.
- "At the Lancaster Assizes". Sun (London). 25 March 1806. p. 4.
- "The Dumfries Hangman". The Scots Magazine - Wednesday 01 July 1807. p. 46.
- "Died". Saunders's News-Letter. 18 February 1809. p. 2.
- "A sinecure abolished". Durham Chronicle - Friday 17 January 1834. p. 4.
- Bleakley (1929) p. 151
- Notes and Queries. 2nd ser. Vol. XI. 20 April 1861. p. 315.
{{cite news}}
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(help) - Bleakley (1929) pp. 192–202
- Westmorland Gazette. 18 September 1826. p. 3.
{{cite news}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - "Ralph Fleming". Durham Chronicle. 13 May 1826. p. 4.
- "Ralph Fleming". Durham Chronicle. 17 January 1829. p. 3.
- "Escape of three prisoners". Durham Chronicle - Saturday 07 December 1839. p. 3.
- Chambers's encyclopaedia: a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. Vol. 4. W. & R. Chambers. 1862. p. 190.
- "At the High Court". Durham Chronicle. 19 November 1847. p. 6.
- "Execution of Patrick Reid for the murders at Mirfield". Durham Chronicle. 14 January 1848. p. 6.
- Kenneth Fields (1998). Lancashire magic & mystery: secrets of the Red Rose County. Sigma. p. 115. ISBN 1850586063.
- David James Smith (2010). Supper with the Crippens. Hachette UK. ISBN 978-1409134138.
- Russell Tate (December 3, 1967). "Kilby electric chair – will anyone else ride lightning?". Tuscaloosa News. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
- "Applications for executioner posts run high". Wilmington Morning Star. May 11, 1976. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- United Press International (May 21, 1986). "Warden Transfers to Fulfill Promise". Florence Times-Daily. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
- "Mother Relieved After Execution". Tuscaloosa News. Associated Press. May 21, 1986. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
- Stan Bailey (August 4, 2002). "Retired executioner has no regrets". The Birmingham News. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- Tom Gordon (March 14, 2010). "After 20 executions, Grantt Culliver has a serene outlook". The Birmingham News. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- Michael Radelet. "History- Capital Punishment in Colorado, 1859–1972". Office of the Colorado State Public Defender. Archived from the original on August 24, 2011. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
- Terje Langeland (July 18, 2002). "The Executioner's Song – Job is Not All That It's Cracked Up to Be". Colorado Springs Independent. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
- "Judy Is Getting Something He Wants". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. March 8, 1981. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "WILL ACCEPT $100 LESS FOR EXECUTIONS". The Boston Globe. November 9, 1914. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "MISSISSIPPI: Death on Wheels". Time. January 18, 1943. Archived from the original on December 14, 2008. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "Mississippi's executioner leaves job after 30 years". The Advocate. May 15, 1987. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- Executions is the U.S. 1608–2002: The ESPY File Executions by State. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
- "CBC News: Reports from abroad: Neil Macdonald". Cbc.ca. November 7, 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- "Former state executioner dies". Associated Press – WAFF. March 5, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "When Grover Cleveland Acted As Hangman" (PDF). The New York Times. July 7, 1912.
- Gene Curtis (July 10, 2007). "Only in Oklahoma: Executing criminals just another job". Tulsa World. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "Executioner plugs electric chair". Lawrence Journal-World. Associated Press. May 16, 1977. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "EXECUTIONER RESIGNS POST". Gettysburg Times. May 23, 1953. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
- "South Carolina Develops A New Method of Execution … Again". Charleston City Paper. July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
- Communications, Emmis (October 1976). Bad News on Death Row. Retrieved July 15, 2010.
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ignored (help)
Sources
- Bleakley, Horace (1929). The Hangmen of England: How They Hanged and Whom They Hanged, The Life Story of "Jack Ketch" through two Centuries. London: Chapman and Hall.
External links
- British Hangmen 1800 to 1964 by Richard Clark.
- The English Hangmen from 1850 to 1964 by Richard Clark.
- Histoires de Bourreaux
- Liste des Bourreaux de France by Jean-Louis Garret.