List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom

This is a list of offshore wind farms within the national maritime boundaries of the United Kingdom. The name of the wind farm is the name used by the energy company when referring to the farm; it is usually related to the name of the nearest town on shore.[1][2][3]

For onshore wind farms, see list of onshore wind farms in the United Kingdom.
Four offshore wind farms are in the Thames Estuary area: Kentish Flats, Gunfleet Sands, Thanet and London Array. The last was the largest in the world from April 2013 to September 2018.

In October 2023 the nameplate capacity of offshore wind farms in operation was approximately 14GW, with a further 4GW under construction. Contracts to subsidize a further 9GW (one wind farm is only partially contracted) have been awarded by the UK Government.

If all the proposed wind farms are developed, then in the 2030s the United Kingdom would have a nameplate capacity of 73GW.

Operational offshore wind farms

In October 2023, there were offshore wind farms consisting of 2,695 turbines with a combined capacity of 14,703 Megawatts. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No. Model Project
commissioning		 Strike Price Build
cost		 Cap.
fac.		 Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Refs.
Barrow England 53°59′00″N 3°17′00″W 90 30 Vestas V90-3.0MW July 2006 £123m 35.9%[4] 15–20 7 Ørsted [w 1][5]
Beatrice Scotland 58°06′20″N 03°05′35″W 10 2 REpower 5M July 2007 £35m 20% 45 23 SSE, Talisman Energy [w 2][6]
Beatrice extension Scotland 58°06′20″N 03°05′35″W 588 84 Siemens Gamesa 7MW July 2019 140 £2,600m 45 23 SSE Talisman Energy [7][8][9]
Blyth Offshore Demonstrator England 41.5 5 Vestas V164-8MW 2017 50-60 6.5 EDF Renewables [10][11]
Burbo BankEngland 53°29′00″N 3°11′00″W 90 25 Siemens SWP 3.6–107 September 2007 £90m 32–35% 0–6 7 Ørsted [w 3][12]
Burbo Bank ExtensionEngland 53°29′00″N 3°11′00″W 258 32 Vestas V164 8.0 MW April 2017 6–13 Ørsted
DudgeonEngland 53°15′00″N 1°23′00″E 402 67 Siemens SWT-6.0–154 October 2017 £1,500m 48% Equinor, Statkraft [13][14]
East Anglia One England 52°14′04″N 02°29′18″E 714 102 Siemens SWT-7.0-154 2020 119.89 43 [15][16]
European Offshore Wind Deployment CentreScotland 57°13′0″N 1°59′0″W 93 11 Vestas V164-8MW September 2018 32 3 European Offshore Wind Deployment Centre [w 4][17]
Galloper England 353 56 March 2018 27-36 27 RWE [18]
Greater GabbardEngland 51°56′0″N 1°53′0″E 504 140 Siemens SWT-3.6–107 September 2012 £1,500m 42.2%[4] 20–32 23 SSE Renewables [w 5]
Gunfleet Sands 1 & 2England 51°43′0″N 01°12′50″E 172 48 Siemens SWP-3.6–107 April 2010 £300m 36.6% 2–15 7 Ørsted [w 6][19]
Gunfleet Sands 3 – Demonstration ProjectEngland 51°43′0″N 01°12′50″E 12 2 Siemens SWT-6.0 120 April 2013 £51m 31.1% 5–12 8 Ørsted [w 7]
Gwynt y MôrWales 53°27′00″N 03°35′00″W 576 160 Siemens SWT-3.6 107 June 2015 >£2,000m 31.7% 20 17 RWE Npower, Stadtwerke München, GIB, Siemens [w 8]
Hornsea One England 53°53′06″N 01°47′28″E 1218 174 Siemens SWT-7.0-154 2020 140 £ Ørsted, Global Infrastructure Partners [20][21]
Hornsea Two England 53°53′06″N 01°47′28″E 1386 165 Siemens 8MW SG 8.0-167 DD August 2022 [22] 57.50 25-30 120 Ørsted, Global Infrastructure Partners [23][24][25]
Humber GatewayEngland 53°38′38″N 0°17′35″E 219 73 Vestas V112 3.0MW June 2015 £736m 41.1% 15 10 E.ON [w 9]
Hywind ScotlandScotland 57°29′0″N 1°21′0″W 30 5 Siemens SWT-6.0-154 6MW October 2017 NOK2 billion (£152m) 54% 95–120 25 Equinor, Masdar
Kentish FlatsEngland 51°27′36″N 01°05′24″E 140 30 30x Vestas V90-3.0MW
15× Vestas V112-3.3MW		 October 2005 £121.5m 31.3%, 42.9%[4] 3–5 10 Vattenfall [w 10][26]
LincsEngland 53°11′0″N 0°29′0″E 270 75 Siemens SWT-3.6–120 September 2013 £1,000m 42% 10–15 8 Centrica, Siemens, Ørsted [w 11][27]
London ArrayEngland 51°38′38″N 1°33′13″E 630 175 Siemens SWT-3.6 April 2013 £1,800m 41.1%[4] 0–25 20 Ørsted, E.ON UK Renewables, Masdar [w 12]
Lynn and Inner DowsingEngland 53°07′39″N 0°26′10″E 194 54 Siemens SWP-3.6–107 March 2009 £300m 34.9% 6–11 5 Centrica 50%
TCW 50%		 [w 13][28]
MethilScotland 56°09′46″N 03°00′32″W 7 1 Samsung 7 MW October 2013 5 0.05 Samsung, 2-B Energy [w 14]
Moray East Scotland 58.1°N 2.8°W / 58.1; -2.8 950 100 Vestas v164-9.5 MW April 2022 [29] 57.50 25-30 120 Ørsted, Global Infrastructure Partners [15][30][31][25]
North HoyleWales 53°26′00″N 3°24′00″W 60 30 Vestas V80-2MW December 2003 £80m 31.5% 5–12 7 Greencoat UKW [w 15][32]
OrmondeEngland 54°06′00″N 3°24′00″W 150 30 REpower 5MW August 2012 £552m 39.5%[4] 17–22 9.5 Vattenfall [w 16][33]
Race BankEngland 53°16′30″N 0°50′30″E 580 91 Siemens SWT-6.0–154 February 2018 Ørsted [34]
Rampion England 50°40′00″N 0°16′00″W 400 116 Vestas V112-3.45MW April 2018 £1,300m 13 E.ON [35][36]
Rhyl FlatsWales 53°22′00″N 3°39′00″W 90 25 Siemens SWP 3.6–107 December 2009 £198m 32.9%[4] 4–15 8 Npower (UK) (RWE) [w 17][37]
Robin RiggScotland 54°45′00″N 3°43′00″W 180 60 Vestas V90-3.0MW April 2010 £396m 35.1%[4] 0–12 11 E.ON [w 18][38]
Scroby SandsEngland 52°38′0″N 1°47′0″E 60 30 Vestas V80-2MW March 2004 £75.5m 30.7%[4] 0–8 2.5 E.ON [w 19][39]
Seagreen Phase 1 Scotland 56°35.094′N 01°45.537′W 1400 100 Vestas V164-10.0 MW October 2023 41.61 £3 billion Up to 59 SSE Renewables, TotalEnergies [40][41][42][43][44]
Sheringham ShoalEngland 53°07′0″N 1°08′0″E 317 88 Siemens SWT-3.6–107 September 2012 £1,100m 40.7%[4] 12–24 17 Equinor 50%
Statkraft 50%		 [w 20]
TeessideEngland 54°38′50″N 1°05′40″W 62 27 Siemens SWT-2.3 August 2013 £200m 34.8% 7–15 1.5 EDF-EN [45]
ThanetEngland 51°26′0″N 1°38′0″E 300 100 Vestas V90-3.0MW September 2010 £900m 32.8% 20–25 11 Vattenfall [w 21][46]
Triton Knoll England 53°30′00″N 0°48′0″E 857 90 Vestas v164-9.5 MW March 2022[47] 74.75 33 RWE [15][48][25]
WalneyEngland 54°03′00″N 3°31′00″W 367 102 Siemens SWP 3.6–107 February 2010 £630m 40.5%, 43.8%[4] 19–30 14 Ørsted, SSE, OPW [w 22][49]
Walney ExtensionEngland 54°5′17″N 3°44′17″W 659 87 47x Siemens SWT-7.0-154, 40× MHI Vestas V164-8.25 MW September 2018 150.00 Ørsted [50][51][52]
Westermost RoughEngland 53°48′18″N 0°8′56″E 210 35 Siemens SWT-6.0–154 May 2015 £370m 42.9%[4] 15 10 Ørsted, Marubeni, GIB [w 23][53]
West of Duddon SandsEngland 53°59′00″N 3°28′00″W 389 108 Siemens SWP 3.6–120 October 2014 £1,600m 44.2%[4] 17–24 15 Ørsted, Scottish Power [w 24][54]
  • "Cap." is the rated nameplate capacity of the wind farm
  • "No." is the number of wind turbines
  • "Model" is the model of wind turbine
  • "Cost" is the total capital cost of the project up to commissioning.
  • "Cap. Fac." is the average capacity factor, i.e. the average power generated by the windfarm, as a percentage of its nameplate capacity.
  • "km to shore" is the average distance of the windfarm to shore, or (where available) the distance from the in-farm transformer/substation to the shore
  • "Depth range (m)" is the range of minimum to maximum depths of water that the windfarm is sited in
  • "Refs" cite the source references for the information. The [w ...] footnotes link to each windfarm's own home page

Map of the UK offshore wind farms
Offshore wind farm locations in UK waters
🌍

Wind farms under construction

Offshore wind farms currently under construction (offshore), with a combined capacity in October 2023 of 3,967 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No. Model Project commissioning Strike Price Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Refs.
Neart Na Gaoithe Scotland 56°16′4″N 2°19′15″W 450 54 Siemens 8MW SG 8.0-167 DD 2024 114.39 20 EDF R / ESB [55][16]
Sofia Offshore Wind Farm England 55.0°N 1.93°E / 55.0; 1.93 1400 100 Siemens 14MW SG 14-222 DD 2026 39.65 195 RWE [56][57][58][59][60]
Doggerbank A England 54.77°N 1.917°E / 54.77; 1.917 1235 95 GE-Haliade X 13MW 2023 39.65 SSE Renewables, Equinor [56][61][62][63][64]
Moray West Scotland 58.1°N 3.1°W / 58.1; -3.1 882 60 2025 37.35

(294MW contracted under CFD)

 Ocean Wind [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]

Pre-construction wind farms

Wind farms that have started onshore construction and have been awarded contracts under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019)/Round 4 (2022). Total capacity of 6,677 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No Model Project
commissioning		 Strike price Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Refs.
Doggerbank B England 1235 95 GE-Haliade X 13MW 2Q2024 41.61 SSE Renewables, Equinor [56][62][63][64]
Doggerbank C England 1218 87 GE-Haliade X 14MW 2Q2025 41.61 SSE Renewables, Equinor [56][73][63][64]
East Anglia Three England 1372 95 Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD 2026 37.35 Iberdrola [74][75][76][77]
Hornsea Three Hornsea Three 2852 2027 37.35 121 Ørsted [78][79][80]

Proposed wind farms - Contracts for Difference Round 3

This wind farm was proposed under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019),[56] with a capacity of 12 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No Model Project
commissioning		 Strike price Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Refs.
Forthwind Scotland 12 2023/24 39.650 Forthwind Limited [56]

Proposed wind farms - Contracts for Difference Round 4

Wind farms proposed under the Round 4 (2022) CFD auction,[81] with a combined capacity of 2,508 MW . Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No Model Project
commissioning		 Strike price Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Notes Refs.
TwinHub Floating Offshore Wind Project England 32 87.30 Wave Hub Limited
Inch Cape Phase 1 Scotland 15 kilometres off the Angus coast, East Scotland 1080 72 Vestas V236-15.0 MW 37.35 Inch Cape Offshore Limited [82]
Norfolk Boreas, Phase 1 England 53°00′00″N 2°56′00″E 1396 2027 37.35 72 Vattenfall Development of the project has been halted by the owner. [83][84][85]

Proposed wind farms - early planning

Wind farms that are in an exploratory phase and have not yet secured a Contract for Difference at auction.

Total capacities: England: 15,823 MW - Wales: 700 MW - Scotland: 30,326 MW

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No Model/

capacity

 Technology Project
commissioning		 Option Price Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Notes Refs.
East Anglia One North England 800 Fixed 2026 69 Iberdrola [74]
East Anglia Two England 900 Fixed 2026 Iberdrola [74]
Rampion 2 Extension England 50°40′00″N 0°16′00″W 1200 90 Fixed 2030 E.ON Pre-examination stage with planning inspectorate - Oct 2023[86] [87]
Norfolk Vanguard England 52°52′00″N 2°45′00″E 1800 Fixed 47 Vattenfall [88]
Dogger Bank D England 1320 Fixed SSE Renewables, Equinor Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 [89][90]
Dogger Bank South England 3000 Fixed £248m RWE Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 [91][90][92]
Berwick Bank Scotland Outer Firth of Forth 4100 Fixed 2030 SSE Renewables [93]
Seagreen Phase 1A England 500 Fixed SSE Renewables, TotalEnergies [94]
Outer Dowsing England Off the Lincolnshire Coast, East of the Humber Estuary 1500 Fixed 2030 £125m 54 Corio Generation, TotalEnergies Aug 2022 - scoping report sent to the Planning Inspectorate.

Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023

 [95][96][97][90][92]
Mona England Off the Northern Welsh Coast, North East of Anglesey 1500 Fixed £231m 35 30 EnBW, BP Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 [95][98][90][92]
Morecambe England Off the Lancashire Coast, West of Blackpool and South West of Morecambe Bay 480 20 - 40 Fixed 2028 £45m 30 Offshore Wind Limited Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 [95][99][100][90][92]
Morgan England Off the coast of Barrow-In-Furness, West of Morecambe Bay 1500 Fixed £231m 35 30 EnBW, BP Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 [95][98][90][92]
Morven Scotland "Map Reference 1" 2907 Fixed £85,900,000 65-75 60 BP Alternative Energy Investments Nov 2022 - two floating LiDARs to be deployed [101][98][102]
Ossian Scotland "Map Reference 2" 2610 Up to 270 Floating £85,900,000 SSE Renewables Potential to grow to 3.6GW. Nov 2022 - completed a geophysical and benthic survey [101][103][104]
Bellrock Scotland "Map Reference 3" 1200 Floating £28,000,000 Falck Renewables Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. [101][105][106]
CampionWind Scotland "Map Reference 4" Off the East coast of Scotland 2000 Floating £86,000,000 Averaging 77 100 ScottishPower,Shell [101][107]
Muir Mhòr Scotland "Map Reference 5" 798 Floating £20,000,000 67 Vattenfall Jun '23 Geophysical and environmental surveys started [101][108][109]
Bowdun Scotland "Map Reference 6" - E3 leasing zone off Bowdun Head 1008 50 to 60 18-25MW each Fixed Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 £18,700,000 44 DEME Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Deas Ear [101][110][111]
Ayre Scotland "Map Reference 7" NE2 leasing zone, off East Mainland of Orkney 1008 Floating Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 £20,000,000 33 DEME Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Ear-Thuath [101][102][111]
Broadshore Scotland "Map Reference 8" 900 Floating £25,600,000 Falck Renewables Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. [101][112][106]
Caledonia Scotland "Map Reference 9" - adjacent to Moray East and Moray West OWFs. 2000 Fixed 2030 £42,900,000 Ocean Winds (joint venture between ENGIE & EDP Renewables) May 2023 - LiDAR devices to be deployed. Geophysical surveys partially complete. [101][113]
Stromar Scotland "Map Reference 10" 1000 Floating £13,400,000 Falck Renewables [101][114]
MarramWind Scotland "Map Reference 11" - North East coast of Scotland 3000 Floating £68,400,000 Averaging 100 75 ScottishPower, Shell [101][115]
Buchan Scotland "Map Reference 12" 960 Floating £33,000,000 BayWa A floating LiDAR Buoy has been deployed - Nov 2022 [101][116][117][118]
West of Orkney Scotland "Map Reference 13" 2000 Fixed £65,700,000 Offshore Wind Power Oct 2022 - completed offshore and nearshore surveys [101][119]
Havbredey Scotland Northwest of Lewis 1500 Floating 2036 £3,900,000 35 Northland Power [101][120][121]
"N3 Project" Scotland "Map Reference 15" 495 15 Mixed 2030 £10,300,000 106-125 Magnora [101][122]
Spiorad na Mara Scotland "Map Reference 16" - West coast of Lewis 840 Fixed 2031 £16,100,000 5 Northland Power This project will be prioritized over the Havbredey project. [101][120][121]
MachairWind Scotland "Map Reference 17" 2000 Fixed £75,400,000 Scottish Power [101][123]
North Falls England Adjacent to Greater Gabbard wind farm 504 up to 72 Fixed SSE Renewables, RWE [124]
Sheringham Shoal and Dudgeon Extensions England Adjacent to existing Sheringham, Shoal and Dudgeon Wind Farms 719 up to 56 Fixed Equinor [125]
Awel y Môr Wales Adjacent to Gwynt y Môr wind farm estimated 500 up to 50 Fixed RWE [126]
Five Estuaries England Adjacent to Galloper Wind Farm TBD TBD Fixed RWE [127]
Pentland Scotland Off the coast of Dounreay, Caithness 7 Floating 2026 Highland Wind Limited Offshore consent approved by Highland Council - Oct 2022 [128][129][130]
Llŷr 1 Wales Off the coast of Pembrokeshire 100 Floating 2027 60-70 40 Floventis Energy Benthic and geophysical surveys completed [131]
Llŷr 2 Wales Off the coast of Pembrokeshire 100 Floating 2027 60-70 40 Floventis Energy Benthic and geophysical surveys completed [131]
Whitecross England Off the Devon/Cornwall coast 100 up to 8 Floating 2027 50 Offshore Wind Ltd [132][133]

Decommissioned offshore wind farms

In October 2022, there was one offshore wind farm that had been decommissioned, consisting of 2 turbines with a combined capacity of 4MW.

Name Country Location Cap.
(MW)		 No. Model Project
decommissioning		 Strike Price Build
cost		 Cap.
fac.		 Depth
range (m)		 km to
shore		 Owner Refs.
Blyth Offshore England 55°08′09″N 01°29′25″W 4 2 Vestas V66-2MW 2019 March £4m 6–11 1.6 E.ON [134]

See also

Notes
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  2. Interactive Map of Renewable and Alternative Energy Projects in the UK
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  7. Beatrice extension Retrieved: 27 October 2010.
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Wind farms
  1. Barrow Offshore Wind Farm
  2. "Beatrice". Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
  3. Burbo Bank
  4. "EOWDC website". Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-09-09.
  5. "SSE wind farm Project Website". Archived from the original on 2015-01-12. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
  6. Gunfleet Sands
  7. Gunfleet Sands demonstration project Archived 2015-02-03 at the Wayback Machine
  8. Gwynt y Môr
  9. Humber Gateway
  10. Kentish Flats
  11. Lincs Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
  12. London Array
  13. Lynn and Inner Dowsing Archived 2015-02-12 at the Wayback Machine
  14. Energy Park Fife (Methil)
  15. North Hoyle
  16. Ormonde, Irish Sea
  17. Rhyl Flats
  18. Robin Rigg
  19. Scroby Sands
  20. Statkraft – Sheringham Shoal
  21. Thanet
  22. Walney Offshore Windfarm
  23. Westermost Rough Archived 2015-02-27 at the Wayback Machine
  24. West of Duddon Sands
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