Nanuchka-class corvette

The Nanuchka class, Soviet designation Project 1234 Ovod, are series of corvettes (small missile ships in Soviet classification) built for the Soviet Navy and export customers between 1969 and 1991.

Nanuchka I class corvette Vikhr in 1988
Class overview
Operators
Succeeded byBuyan class
Completed47
Cancelled1
Active9-11
Lost5
Retired30+
General characteristics
TypeGuided missile corvette
Displacement560 long tons (569 t) standard, 660 long tons (671 t) full load
Length59.3 m (194.6 ft)
Beam12.6 m (41.3 ft)
Draught2.7 m[1]
Propulsion3 shaft Diesels, 30,000 hp (22,371 kW)
Speed32 knots (59 km/h)
Range2,500 nautical miles (4,630 km) at 12 kn (22 km/h); 900 nmi (1,667 km) at 30 kn (56 km/h)
Complement60
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Radar:
    • Band Stand fire control
    • Bass Tilt
    • Peel Pair surface search
    • Pop group
Armament
  • 6 × P-120 (SS-N-9 'Siren') (2x3) or 4 x P-15 (SS-N-2 'Styx') (export ships) anti-ship missiles
  • 16 × Kh-35 (SS-N-25 'Switchblade') anti-ship cruise missiles (Nanuchka III)
  • 20 × 4K33 (SA-N-4 'Gecko') surface-to-air missiles
  • Twin 57mm AK-257 gun (Nanuchka I)
  • 1 × 76mm AK-176 gun (Nanuchka III)
  • 1 × 30mm AK-630 gun (Nanuchka III)

Variants
Nanuchka III class corvette Smerch after refit in 2019

These ships were designed around the P-120 Malakhit ("Siren") anti ship missile. Export versions used the P-15 Termit ("Styx") missile. In 2019 the missiles on Smerch were replaced with sixteen Uran/SS-N-25 'Switchblade'. Unlike smaller missile boats, both carry SA-N-4 ("Gecko") SAMs for self-defence. The original Nanuchka I carried a twin 57mm AK-257 main gun, replaced by a 76mm AK-176 in the Nanuchka III and an updated AK-176MA was added to Smerch during the refit. The Nanuchka III also has a rotary 30mm AK-630 point-defence gun to bolster its protection against missile attack. Currently Project 12341 ships are receiving BAGIRA Fire Control System turning them into multirole vessels.[2]

Operational history

Reportedly the Mirazh, a Nanuchka III corvette, sank a Georgian vessel during an attempted attack on Russian ships off Abkhazia on 10 August 2008.

Operators

 Russian Navy

  • Nanuchka I (Project 1234) - 17 boats - retired in the 1990s, except Musson which was sunk in error by an SSM during an exercise in 1987 (39 fatalities).[3]
  • Nanuchka III (Project 12341) - 16 boats - 6-8 in service with the Russian Navy as of 2022 (4 Baltic, 1-3 Pacific, 1 Northern).
  • Nanuchka IV (Project 12347) - 1 boat Nakat - retired in 2012. Trial vessel for P-800 Oniks ASHM.

 Algerian National Navy

  • Nanuchka II (Project 1234E) - 3 ships delivered in 1980-81, still in service.

 Indian Navy

  • Nanuchka II (Project 1234E) - 3 ships known as the Durg class, last ship decommissioned in 2004.

 Libyan Navy

  • Nanuchka II (Project 1234E) - 4 ships delivered in 1982-85. Al Zaquit was sunk and Ain Al Gazala was damaged (later scrapped) by US forces on March 25, 1986. Ain Zaara was in repairs in Misrata and was destroyed in a NATO airstrike on May 19, 2011. The last ship, Tariq Ibn Ziyad was destroyed during a fight between Libyan government army and radical Islamist forces in Benghazi harbour November 3, 2014.[4]

Libya Libyan People's Army

  • Nanuchka II (Project 1234E) - 1 ship Tariq Ibn Ziyad was captured in 2011 from the Libyan Navy. The ship was returned to Libyan Navy after the civil war. Subsequently destroyed in 2014.

Ships

Project 1234 (Nanuchka I)
Name Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Status Notes
Burya Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 13 January 1967 18 October 1968 30 September 1970 Decommissioned in 1991
Briz Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 5 November 1967 10 October 1969 31 December 1970 Decommissioned in 1992
Vikhr Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 21 August 1967 22 July 1970 30 September 1971 Decommissioned in 1994
Volna Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 27 September 1968 20 July 1971 31 December 1971 Decommissioned in 1993
Grad Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 29 November 1967 30 April 1972 30 September 1972 Decommissioned in 1993
Groza Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 9 January 1969 26 July 1972 26 December 1972 Decommissioned in 1991
Grom Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 1 October 1969 29 October 1972 28 December 1972 Decommissioned in 1995
Zarnica Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 27 July 1970 28 April 1973 18 September 1973 Decommissioned in 2005
Molniya Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 30 September 1971 27 August 1973 28 December 1973 Decommissioned in 2001
Shkval Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 17 May 1972 28 December 1973 16 Juny 1974 Decommissioned in 1994
Zaria Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 18 October 1972 18 May 1974 28 September 1974 Decommissioned in 1994
Myetyel Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 19 February 1973 10 August 1974 8 December 1974 Decommissioned in 1998
Shtorm Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 28 October 1973 30 March 1975 15 June 1975 Decommissioned in 1998
Raduga Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 6 January 1974 20 June 1975 1 December 1975 Decommissioned in 1994
Tsiklon Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 22 September 1973 24 May 1977 31 December 1977 Decommissioned in 1995
Tayfun Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 10 May 1974 14 August 1979 30 December 1979 Decommissioned in 1995
Musson Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 14 July 1975 1 July 1981 30 December 1981 Sunk on 16 April 1987[3]

Project 1234E (Nanuchka II)
Name Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Status Notes
Vijay Durg
(ex-Uragan)		 Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 31 May 1974 16 April 1976 30 September 1976 Scrapped in 2002 Transferred to Indian Navy in 1977.
Sindhu Durg
(ex-Priboy)		 Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 22 January 1975 2 October 1976 18 February 1977 Scrapped in 2004 Transferred to Indian Navy in 1977.
Hos Durg
(ex-Priliv)		 Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 23 June 1975 14 April 1977 20 September 1977 Scrapped in 1999 Transferred to Indian Navy in 1978.
Ras Hamidou
(ex-MRK-21)		 Vympel Shipyard 10 March 1978 31 December 1979 4 July 1980 Active Transferred to Algerian Navy in 1980.
Salah Reis
(ex-MRK-23)		 Vympel Shipyard 17 August 1978 31 July 1980 9 February 1981 Active Transferred to Algerian Navy in 1981.
Reis Ali
(ex-MRK-22)		 Vympel Shipyard 4 April 1980 13 August 1981 30 November 1981 Active Transferred to Algerian Navy in 1981.
Tariq Ibn Ziyad
(ex-MRK-9)		 Vympel Shipyard 21 April 1979 10 January 1981 26 May 1981 Active Transferred to Libyan Navy in 1982.
Ain Al Gazala
(ex-MRK-24)		 Vympel Shipyard 20 February 1981 26 March 1982 31 May 1982 Damaged 25 March 1986, decommissioned[5] Transferred to Libyan Navy in 1983.
Ain Zaara
(ex-MRK-25)		 Vympel Shipyard 27 May 1981 21 July 1982 31 May 1983 Destroyed 20 May 2011[5] Transferred to Libyan Navy in 1984.
Ain Zaquit
(ex-MRK-15)		 Vympel Shipyard 25 March 1983 31 March 1984 10 September 1984 Sunk on 25 March 1986 Transferred to Libyan Navy in 1985.

Project 12341 (Nanuchka III)
Name Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Status Notes
Burun Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 1975 1977 30 December 1977 Decommissioned in 2002
Vyetyer Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 27 February 1976 21 April 1978 30 September 1978 Decommissioned in 1995
Shtil'
(ex-Komsomolets Mordovii), (ex-Zyb')		 Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 28 June 1976 23 October 1978 31 December 1978 Decommissioned in 2020[6]
Aysberg Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 11 November 1976 20 April 1979 30 September 1979 Decommissioned in 2022[6]
Tucha Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 4 May 1977 29 April 1980 31 July 1980 Decommissioned in 2005
Uragan Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 1 August 1980 27 May 1983 30 September 1983 Decommissioned in 2002
Priboy Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 25 November 1978 20 April 1984 30 November 1984 Decommissioned in 2001
Priliv Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 29 April 1982 26 April 1985 31 October 1985 Decommissioned in 2002
Mirazh Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 30 August 1983 19 August 1986 30 December 1986 Decommissioned in 2020[6]
Meteor Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 13 November 1984 16 September 1987 31 December 1987 Decommissioned in 2005
Rassvyet Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 20 September 1986 22 August 1988 28 December 1988 Active
Zyb’ Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 26 August 1986 28 February 1989 26 September 1989 Active
Geyzer Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 21 December 1987 28 August 1989 27 December 1989 Active
Passat Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 27 May 1988 13 June 1990 6 December 1990 Active
Perekat Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 20 September 1988 Not completed
Livien’ Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 29 September 1988 8 May 1991 25 October 1991 Active
Smerch Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 16 November 1981 30 November 1984 30 December 1984 Active
Iney
(ex-Livien)		 Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 6 July 1983 5 October 1986 25 December 1987 Scheduled to decommission in 2021; status unclear;[7] still reported active as of early 2022[8]
Moroz Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 17 February 1985 29 September 1989 30 December 1989 Decommissioned in 2021[9]
Razliv Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok 1 November 1986 24 August 1991 31 December 1991 Scheduled to decommission in 2021; status unclear[10]

Project 12347 (Nanuchka IV)
Name Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Status Notes
Nakat Almaz Shipyard, St. Petersburg 4 November 1982 16 April 1987 30 September 1987 Decommissioned in 2012

See also

References
  1. Couhat, Jean (1981). Combat Fleets of the World 1982/1983: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Armament. Paris: Editions Maritimes et d'Outre-Mer. p. 2. ISBN 0-87021-125-0. LCCN 78-50192.
  2. "Russian Navy Nanuchka-class Corvettes Receive New BAGIRA MR-123-02/3 Fire Control System". Navyrecognition.com. 17 October 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  3. "Pacific Fleet Pays Honors to Corvette Musson Wrecked 25 Years Ago". Rusnavy.com. 17 April 2012. Archived from the original on 15 May 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  4. "The End of the Libyan MRK". 6 November 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  5. "Конец ливийского МРК" [The end of the Libyan MRK]. Bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 6 November 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  6. "Small Missile Ships - Project 1234". RussianShips.info.
  7. "Small Missile Ships - Project 1234".
  8. "JMSDF Lists Russian Warships in Nearby Waters – SeaWaves Magazine". Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  9. "Small Missile Ships - Project 1234".
  10. "Small Missile Ships - Project 1234".

Other sources


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nanuchka class corvette.
  • Export Nanuchka II-class corvette moored in Leningrad (i.e., Saint Petersburg). Photo was taken in July 1983
    Export Nanuchka II-class corvette moored in Leningrad (i.e., Saint Petersburg). Photo was taken in July 1983
  • Libyan Nanuchka II burns after being hit 25 March 1986
    Libyan Nanuchka II burns after being hit 25 March 1986
  • A port beam view of a Soviet Nanuchka I.
    A port beam view of a Soviet Nanuchka I.
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