Ng (Arabic letter)

Ng or Naf (ݣ‎ or ڭ‎) is an additional letter of the Arabic script, derived from kāf (ك ک‎) with the addition of three dots above the letter. The letter was used in Ottoman Turkish to represent a velar /ŋ/ and is still used for /ŋ/ when writing Turkic languages.

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)		 ݣ‎ ـݣ‎ ـݣـ‎ ݣـ‎
Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)		 ڭ‎ ـڭ‎ ـڭـ‎ ڭـ‎
"ݣ" redirects here. For the other letter this could refer to, see Gaf § Kaf with three dots.
Ng
ڭ‎ ݣ‎
Usage
Writing systemArabic script
TypeAbjad
Language of originOttoman Turkish
Phonetic usage[ŋ]
Unicode codepointU+0763, U+06AD
History
Development
D46
  • Khof
    • 𐤊
      • 𐡊
          • كـ ك‎
            • ڭ‎ ݣ‎
Sisters
Other
Writing directionRight-to-left
Arabic alphabet
Arabic script

Usage

In Ottoman Turkish, it represented the velar /ŋ/. An example is the word däŋiz (دݣز, 'sea'). The letter is used or has been used to write /ŋ/ in:

It is also used in Moroccan Arabic for /ɡ/.

The Xiao'erjing script variant ݣ‎ is used to spell /ŋ/ in Sinitic languages such as Mandarin (especially the Lanyin, Zhongyuan and Northeastern dialects) and the Dungan language.

Other characters used to represent /ŋ/

Southeast Asian nga
Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)		 ڠ‎ ـڠ‎ ـڠـ‎ ڠـ‎

This letter, derived from ghayn (غ‎), is used to represent /ŋ/ in:

Wolof ŋoon
Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)		 ݝ‎ ـݝ‎ ـݝـ‎ ݝـ‎

This letter is also derived from ghayn. Called ŋoon, it is used in the Wolofal alphabet to represent /ŋ/ in the Wolof language.[2][3] Two variants of kāf were also used: ڭ‎ as in Turkic, and ݤ‎‎ below.

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)		 ݤ‎ ـݤ‎ ـݤـ‎ ݤـ‎

Tamil ṅa
Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)		 ࢳ‎ ـࢳ‎ ـࢳـ‎ ࢳـ‎

This letter is also derived from ghayn, with three dots inside the descender, to represent /ŋ/ in the Arwi script used for Tamil.

See also


References
  1. Daftar Kata Bahasa Melayu Rumi-Sebutan-Jawi, Dewan Bahasa Pustaka, 5th printing, 2006.
  2. Priest, Lorna A; Hosken, Martin; SIL International (12 August 2010). "Proposal to add Arabic script characters for African and Asian languages" (PDF). pp. 13–18, 34–37.
  3. Currah, Galien (26 August 2015) ORTHOGRAPHE WOLOFAL. Link (Archive)
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