Noktundo

Noktundo (Korean: 록둔도; 녹둔도) is a former island in the delta of the Tumen River on the border between Primorsky Krai, Russia and North Korea.[1] The area of the island was 3.2 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi).[2]

Noktundo
Noktundo is located in Primorsky Krai
Noktundo
Noktundo
Noktundo is located in Russia
Noktundo
Noktundo
Geography
LocationTumen River
Noktundo
North Korean name
Chosŏn'gŭl록둔도; 녹둔도
Hancha鹿屯島
Russian name
RussianНоктундо

In the 15th century, Noktundo belonged to the Koreans. The island was fertile to grow crops, and located in a strategic position for advancement into the Korean peninsula. The Jurchens took notice of this. In 1587 there was a battle fought on this island between the local Koreans and the invading barbarian Jurchens from nearby Russia. At first, the Jurchens successfully sacked the island and captured 160 Koreans as prisoners. As they crossed the river back to their camp with the prisoners, the famed Korean general Yi Sun-Shin, chased after the invaders and rescued 50 Koreans and defended the island. With his army, he later infiltrated the nearby Jurchen army camp, and captured their leader alive. [3]

At the time of the shallowing of the northern branch of the Tumen, the course of the river changed from time to time. As a result, the island of Noktundo was sometimes joined with the mainland of Primorsky Krai. Regardless, the island remained under Korean jurisdiction.

The island was under Korean control until 1860 Convention of Peking, when the Russian Empire took over the island. When the Joseon government found this out in the 1880s, this became a matter of protest to the Koreans, who claimed that the Russians had no authority to do so, and protested it to the Qing dynasty.[4] In 1990, Soviet Union and North Korea signed a border treaty which made the border run through the center of the river leaving the territory of the former island on the Russian side. South Korea refused to acknowledge the treaty and demanded that Russia return the territory to Korea.[5]

References
  1. 이옥희 [Yi Ok-hui]; 최한성 [Choe Han-seong]; 안재섭 [An Jae-seop] (2004). 두만강 하구 녹둔도의 위치 비정(批正)에 관한 연구 [Geographical Study on the Location of Nokdun-do in lower Tuman river]. 대한지리학회 2004년 춘계학술대회논문집 [Proceedings of the 2004 Conference of the Korean Geographical Society] (in Korean). Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  2. 우리땅 우리魂 영토분쟁 현장을 가다 10 잊혀진 섬 녹둔도, Donga Ilbo (in Korean), 2004-06-10, retrieved 2010-06-10; of interest even to those who do not read Korean, some maps and photos are given at the bottom of the article.
  3. "조선왕조실록". sillok.history.go.kr. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  4. Головнин, В. И. (2008). Прошлое как оружие [The past as a weapon]. Россия в глобальной политике (in Russian). 6 (35). Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  5. Проблема острова Ноктундо в средствах массовой информации Южной Кореи [The problem of the Noktundo island in the media in South Korea] (in Russian). ru.apircenter.org. Archived from the original on 10 September 2013. Retrieved 2015-06-30.
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