Nonouti

Nonouti is an atoll and district of Kiribati. The atoll is located in the Southern Gilbert Islands, 38 km north of Tabiteuea, and 250 km south of Tarawa. The atoll is the third largest in the Gilbert Islands and is the island where the Roman Catholic religion was first established in Kiribati, in 1888.

Main articles: Kiribati and Gilbert Islands
Nonouti
Map of Nonouti
Nonouti is located in Kiribati
Nonouti
Nonouti
Nonouti is located in Micronesia
Nonouti
Nonouti
Nonouti is located in Oceania
Nonouti
Nonouti
Nonouti is located in Pacific Ocean
Nonouti
Nonouti
Geography
LocationPacific Ocean
Coordinates0°37′S 174°22′E
ArchipelagoGilbert Islands
Area21.02 km2 (8.12 sq mi)
Highest elevation3 m (10 ft)
Administration
Capital cityMatang
Demographics
Population2,792 (2020 Census)
Pop. density135/km2 (350/sq mi)
Ethnic groupsI-Kiribati 99.7%

Geography
Nonouti Atoll

The eastern side of the atoll is the primary permanent landmass. There is an islet on the northwest side of the atoll called Noumatong, which is uninhabited and is reserved as a bird sanctuary. The eastern area of the atoll consists of tiny islets and islands which form a continuous line.[1]

Villages

Taboiaki is the largest village of Nonouti with a population of 675 people (2020 Census). Matang village is the administrative centre and as such has better infrastructure and facilities; it is also the second largest village on Nonouti with 537 people, about a fifth of the total population. Benuaroa (a combined name for the islets of Mataboou and Tebuange) village held the least number of residents, with only 84 people or three percent of the total.

The government station on the island is located in the village of Matang. The island clerk is the highest ranking government official on the island. The former president, Ieremia Tabai, is from Nonouti.

Nonuti hosts seven primary schools and one Junior Secondary School, and is home to George Eastman High School, run privately by the Kiribati Protestant Church.[1]

The land areas of Nonouti islets and the village populations are as follows:

Nonouti: Population and Land Area
Census Area Population 2010[2] Land area by islet[2] Density (people per hectare)
Abamakoro104185 hectares (457 acres)0.6
Benuaroa84108 hectares (267 acres)0.8
Teuabu269150 hectares (371 acres)1.9
Temanoku286562 hectares (1,389 acres)0.9
Rotuma405
Autukia112
Matang537811 hectares (2,004 acres)1.5
Taboiaki692
Temotu194138 hectares (341 acres)1.4
Nonouti total26831,988 hectares (4,912 acres)1.3

History

The island was surveyed by the US Exploring Expedition in 1841.[3]

In the late 19th century, Nonouti was briefly conquered by the king of Abemama, Tembinok'. The latter was driven out of Nonouti by a British warship.[4]

The first Catholic missionaries were Tahiti-based Frenchmen, who arrived on the island of Nonouti, Gilbert Islands in the early 1880s and began translating texts and compiling dictionaries.[5] The first priests in the Gilbert Islands, members of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart, left France in 1888 and arrived on Nonouti on 10 May 1888.[5] They arrived to find quite a large number of Gilbertese who were already exposed to the Gospel.[5] Many of the Gilbertese natives had been taken by blackbirders in the 1870s to work on plantations on other islands in the Pacific, where they were met by Protestant missionaries.[5] Two of these laborers, Betero and Tiroi, returned to Nonouti and instructed the local people about Christianity.[5] They built churches, where people assembled each Sunday to sing hymns and recite prayers.[5] At the time of the arrival of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart, Betero and Tiroi had already baptized 560 people and were instructing an additional 600.[5]

Close to where the first Catholic missionaries arrived in 1888, just behind the apse of the Catholic Church in Taboiaki village, are the six graves of important foreign missionaries and people to the Catholic Church. Opposite this Catholic Church is the biggest maneaba in Kiribati known as the Aake Maneaba.

Nonouti Post Office opened around 1923.[6]

Education

Currently there is one Christian senior high, George Eastman High School.[7]

References
  1. "11. Nonouti" (PDF). Office of Te Beretitent - Republic of Kiribati Island Report Series. 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  2. "Kiribati Census Report 2010 Volume 1" (PDF). National Statistics Office, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Government of Kiribati. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-30.
  3. Stanton, William (1975). The Great United States Exploring Expedition. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 245. ISBN 0520025571.
  4. Stevenson, Robert Louis (1987) [1896]. In the South Seas, Part V, Chapter 1. Chatto & Windus; republished by The Hogarth Press.
  5. "History of the Diocese of Tarawa and Nauru - MSC Pacific Union". pacificunion.mscmission.org. Archived from the original on 2016-08-16. Retrieved 2016-06-30.
  6. Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". Premier Postal Auctions. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  7. "TABITEUEA NORTH 2008 Socio-Economic Profile" Part 2 of 4. Strengthening Decentralized Governance in Kiribati Project , Ministry of Internal and Social Affairs (Kiribati). p. 48 (PDF p. 13/15). Part 1 is here.
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