Nye County, Nevada

Nye County is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 51,591.[1] Its county seat is Tonopah.[2] At 18,159 square miles (47,030 km2), Nye is Nevada's largest county by area and the third-largest county in the contiguous United States, behind Coconino County of Arizona and San Bernardino County of California.

Nye County
County
Nye County Courthouse in Tonopah
Nye County Courthouse in Tonopah
Flag of Nye County
Flag
Official seal of Nye County
Seal
Map of Nevada highlighting Nye County
Location within the U.S. state of Nevada
Map of the United States highlighting Nevada
Nevada's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°03′N 116°27′W
Country United States
State Nevada
Founded1864 (1864)
Named forJames W. Nye
SeatTonopah
Largest communityPahrump
Area
 • Total18,199 sq mi (47,140 km2)
 • Land18,182 sq mi (47,090 km2)
 • Water17 sq mi (40 km2)  0.1%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total51,591
 • Estimate 
(2021)[1]
53,450
 • Density2.8/sq mi (1.1/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
Congressional district4th
Websitenyecounty.net
2017 Reveille Wild Horse Release by BLM, about 50 miles east of Tonopah and 12 miles south of Warm Springs, Nevada
Gold specimen from the Round Mountain Gold Mine

Nye County comprises the Pahrump micropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Las Vegas-Henderson combined statistical area.

In 2010, Nevada's center of population was in southern Nye County, near Yucca Mountain.[3]

The Nevada Test Site and proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository are in southwestern Nye County, and are the focus of a great deal of controversy. The federal government manages 92% of the county's land. A 1987 attempt to stop the nuclear waste site resulted in the creation of Bullfrog County, Nevada, which was dissolved two years later.

The county has several environmentally sensitive areas, including Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, the White River Valley, several Great Basin sky islands, and part of Death Valley National Park. Visitors to Death Valley often stay at Beatty or Amargosa Valley.

Nye County is one of 10 Nevada counties where prostitution is legal. The county has no incorporated cities. The seat of government in Tonopah is 160 miles (260 km) from Pahrump, where about 86% of the county's population resides.

History

Nye County was established during the American Civil War in 1864 and named after James W. Nye, the first governor of the Nevada Territory and later a U.S. Senator after it was admitted as a state. The first county seat was Ione in 1864, followed by Belmont in 1867, and finally Tonopah in 1905.

The county's first boom came in the early 20th century, when Rhyolite and Tonopah, as well as Goldfield in nearby Esmeralda County, had gold- and silver-mining booms. In 1906, Goldfield had 30,000 residents, Tonopah nearly 10,000, and Rhyolite peaked at about 10,000. These cities were linked by the Tonopah and Tidewater Railroad.[4]

After the boom died, Nye County withered. By 1910, the population had plummeted to about 7,500 before sinking to near 3,000 in the middle of the century.[5] With development at the military test site and increasing employment and resources, the population stabilized. After the 1990s, when Pahrump became a bedroom community for Las Vegas, it had high rates of population growth.

Periodically, discussions have arisen of moving the county seat to Pahrump, or splitting off the southern portion of the county, but neither of these ideas appears to have sufficient support in the county or state government.[6]

From 1987 to 1989, Bullfrog County, Nevada, was split off from Nye County to form a separate political region. Its population was zero; its creation was an attempt to stop a nuclear waste storage facility from being built in the region.[7]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 18,199 square miles (47,140 km2), of which 18,182 square miles (47,090 km2) is land and 17 square miles (44 km2) (0.09%) is water.[8] The highest and most topographically prominent mountain in the county is Mount Jefferson at 11,949 feet (3,642 m).[9]

Nye County is in south-central Nevada. It is Nevada's largest county and the third-largest county in the contiguous United States, after San Bernardino County in California and Coconino County in Arizona. Nye County's land area of 11,560,960 acres (46,785.5 km2) is larger than that of Maryland, Hawaii, Vermont, and New Hampshire, and larger than the combined area of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, and Delaware. Of this vast land area, only 822,711 acres (3,329.39 km2), or just over 7%, is private land; most of it is public land managed by the federal government. Before the Treaty of Ruby Valley, the whole area was controlled by the Western Shoshone people, who say they never ceded territory here. According to the United States Census Bureau the county's Census Tract 9805, with a land area of 4,225.415 square miles (10,943.77 km2), comprising the Nevada Test Site and Nye County's portion of the Nevada Test and Training Range, is the country's largest census tract that has no resident population (as of the 2000 census).

Las Vegas, in Clark County, is 100 miles (160 km) southeast of Yucca Mountain. Many Pahrump residents commute 60 miles (97 km) each way to Las Vegas via Nevada State Route 160, which for much of its length is a four-lane divided highway.

Major highways

Nye County has a long stretch of U.S. Route 95, the main road connecting Las Vegas with the state capital, Carson City. Beatty and Tonopah both rely heavily on through traffic to sustain their economies. As of 2006, an average of 2,000 cars daily traveled U.S. 95 near Tonopah.[10]

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18701,087—
18801,87572.5%
18901,290−31.2%
19001,140−11.6%
19107,513559.0%
19206,504−13.4%
19303,989−38.7%
19403,606−9.6%
19503,101−14.0%
19604,37441.1%
19705,59928.0%
19809,04861.6%
199017,78196.5%
200032,48582.7%
201043,94635.3%
202051,59117.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13]
1990-2000[14] 2010-2020[1]

2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 32,485 people, 13,309 households, and 9,063 families in the county. The population density was 2 people per square mile (0.77 people/km2). There were 15,934 housing units at an average density of 1 units per square mile (0.39/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 90.0% White, 1.18% Black or African American, 1.96% Native American, 0.78% Asian, 0.32% Pacific Islander, 2.98% from other races, and 3.15% from two or more races. 8.35%.[15] were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

In 2006 there were 42,693 people living in Nye County, representing a growth of 31.3% since 2000. This was slightly faster growth rate than recorded during the same period for Clark County, where Las Vegas is located.

Even as the Pahrump area grew thanks to its proximity to Las Vegas, the racial makeup of Nye County was very different from that of Clark County. Non-Hispanic whites now constitute 82.7% of the county population. African-Americans were now 1.7% of the population, which meant actual increase of the number of African Americans residing in the county was over 50%. Native Americans were only 1.8% of the population now. Asians were a full one percent of the population. Pacific Islanders were 0.5% of the population and Latinos made up 11.0% of the population.[16]

Of the 13,309 households 16.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.30% were married couples living together, 7.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.90% were non-families. 25.70% of households were one person and 10.30% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.90.

The age distribution was 3.70% under the age of 18, 5.40% from 18 to 24, 24.00% from 25 to 44, 58.50% from 45 to 64, and 18.40% 65 or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 105.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.70 males.

The county's median household income was $36,024, and the median family income was $41,642. Males had a median income of $37,276 versus $22,394 for females. The county's per capita income was $17,962. About 7.30% of families and 10.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.10% of those under age 18 and 8.30% of those age 65 or over.

Like many rural counties of the western United States, Nye County experiences a relatively high suicide rate.[17] According to the Centers for Disease Control, the annual suicide rate in Nye County averaged 28.7561 per 100,000 people during 1989–1998, the most recent period for which data is available. This was the third-highest rate among Nevada counties, behind White Pine (34.3058) and Lyon County (30.8917), but ahead of the overall rate of 22.96 for Nevada, which leads the nation.

2010 census

At the 2010 census, there were 43,946 people, 18,032 households, and 11,929 families in the county.[18] The population density was 2.4 inhabitants per square mile (0.93 inhabitants/km2). There were 22,350 housing units at an average density of 1.2 units per square mile (0.46 units/km2).[19] The racial makeup of the county was 85.9% white, 2.0% black or African American, 1.6% American Indian, 1.3% Asian, 0.5% Pacific islander, 5.2% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 13.6% of the population.[18] In terms of ancestry, 18.6% were German, 15.8% were English, 14.7% were Irish, 10.3% were American, and 6.1% were Italian.[20]

Of the 18,032 households, 25.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.8% were non-families, and 26.8% of households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.90. The median age was 48.4 years.[18]

The median household income was $41,181 and the median family income was $50,218. Males had a median income of $51,574 versus $32,152 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,687. About 14.2% of families and 18.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.8% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.[21]

Education

The Nye County School District serves all of Nye County and Esmeralda County. The Districts Headquarters is in the county seat of Tonopah. The superintendent of the NCSD is Dr. Warren Shillingburg.

Communities
Road from Carrara, Nevada, towards the marble quarry in the background

Unincorporated towns

Unincorporated communities

Ghost towns

Politics
United States presidential election results for Nye County, Nevada[23][24]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No. %No. %No. %
2020 17,528 69.07% 7,288 28.72% 562 2.21%
2016 13,324 68.00% 5,094 26.00% 1,177 6.01%
2012 10,566 60.30% 6,320 36.07% 636 3.63%
2008 9,537 54.53% 7,226 41.31% 728 4.16%
2004 8,487 58.49% 5,616 38.70% 407 2.80%
2000 6,904 56.68% 4,525 37.15% 752 6.17%
1996 3,979 43.20% 3,300 35.83% 1,932 20.97%
1992 2,743 34.19% 2,561 31.92% 2,718 33.88%
1988 3,619 64.59% 1,748 31.20% 236 4.21%
1984 3,573 71.62% 1,269 25.44% 147 2.95%
1980 2,387 64.17% 973 26.16% 360 9.68%
1976 1,027 42.53% 1,261 52.22% 127 5.26%
1972 1,287 61.61% 802 38.39% 0 0.00%
1968 843 40.70% 728 35.15% 500 24.14%
1964 822 39.18% 1,276 60.82% 0 0.00%
1960 763 43.45% 993 56.55% 0 0.00%
1956 946 55.81% 749 44.19% 0 0.00%
1952 1,037 64.65% 567 35.35% 0 0.00%
1948 722 51.94% 595 42.81% 73 5.25%
1944 723 43.40% 943 56.60% 0 0.00%
1940 729 37.67% 1,206 62.33% 0 0.00%
1936 464 23.69% 1,495 76.31% 0 0.00%
1932 506 28.08% 1,296 71.92% 0 0.00%
1928 958 46.04% 1,123 53.96% 0 0.00%
1924 884 39.69% 454 20.39% 889 39.92%
1920 1,576 54.36% 1,007 34.74% 316 10.90%
1916 1,019 32.15% 1,601 50.50% 550 17.35%
1912 345 14.62% 869 36.84% 1,145 48.54%
1908 1,124 40.53% 1,219 43.96% 430 15.51%
1904 511 50.74% 389 38.63% 107 10.63%

Nye County was one of the primary broadcast locations of American veteran radio broadcaster Art Bell, who was famous for creating and hosting Coast to Coast AM, Art Bell's Dark Matter and "Midnight in the Desert", the last of which is still broadcast on the Dark Matter Digital Network by a replacement host, Dave Schrader, chosen by Bell. He lived in the county until his death on April 13, 2018.[25][26]

See also

References
  1. "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Nye County, Nevada". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 1, 2022.
  2. "County Explorer". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. "Download the Centers of Population by State: 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 3, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  4. "Ghost Towns and History of the American West". Ghosttowns.com. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
  5. "Nye County, NV Population by Decades". Archived from the original on July 13, 2009.
  6. Mark Waite (January 9, 2001). "View Newspapers: Resident proposes new county formation". The Vie. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011.
  7. Morell, Casey. "Bullfrog County, Population 0", KNPR. August 28, 2018. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  8. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  9. "Mount Jefferson, Nevada". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  10. Nevada Department of Transportation AADT report Archived January 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  11. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  12. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  13. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  14. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  15. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  16. "Nye County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". Quickfacts.census.gov. Archived from the original on February 5, 2016. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
  17. "Rural Suicide: Soaring rates puzzling", Las Vegas Review-Journal
  18. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
  19. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
  20. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
  21. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
  22. "Carrara - Nevada Ghost Town". Ghosttowns.com. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
  23. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
  24. Progressive candidate Theodore Roosevelt, received 427 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 718 votes.
  25. "Live from Pahrump: Art Bell, master of the paranormal, makes radio return Monday". Las Vegas Sun. September 13, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
  26. "R.I.P. Art Bell, king of late-night conspiracy radio". The A.V. Club. April 14, 2018.

38.05°N 116.45°W / 38.05; -116.45

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