Orthocarpus
Orthocarpus, or owl's-clover,[1] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae (broomrapes). They are native to North America. A number of species formerly included in Orthocarpus have been transferred to the genus Castilleja, which includes the plants commonly known as Indian paintbrush. Plants of the genus are generally less than 30 centimetres (1 ft) in height.[2]
| Orthocarpus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Orthocarpus tenuifolius | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Orobanchaceae |
| Genus: | Orthocarpus Nutt. |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
Like their close relatives in genus Castilleja, Orthocarpus are root hemiparasites, capable of photosynthesis but extracting water and mineral nutrients through attachment to the roots of host plants.
Some animal species such as the Edith's checkerspot butterfly use these plants as hosts during ovipositing.[3]
Species
As of March 2022, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[4]
- Orthocarpus barbatus J.S.Cotton
- Orthocarpus bracteosus Benth.
- Orthocarpus cuspidatus Greene
- Orthocarpus holmgreniorum (T.I. Chuang & Heckard) L. M. Shultz & F. J. Smith
- Orthocarpus imbricatus Torr. ex S.Watson
- Orthocarpus luteus Nutt.
- Orthocarpus pachystachyus A.Gray
- Orthocarpus purpureoalbus A.Gray ex S.Watson
- Orthocarpus tenuifolius (Pursh) Benth.
- Orthocarpus tolmiei Hook. & Arn.
References
- USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Orthocarpus". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
- Taylor, Ronald J. (1994) [1992]. Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary (rev. ed.). Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. p. 60. ISBN 0-87842-280-3. OCLC 25708726.
- Murphy; Launer, Ehrlich (1983). "The Role of Adult Feeding in Egg Production and Population Dynamics of the Checkerspot Butterfly Euphydryas editha". Oecologia. 56 (2): 257–263. doi:10.1007/bf00379699. PMID 28310203.
- "Orthocarpus Nutt." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
- "Genus: Orthocarpus Nutt". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area. Retrieved 2008-03-01.