Paysandú

Paysandú (Spanish pronunciation: [pajsanˈdu]) is an Uruguayan city and the capital of Paysandú Department in western Uruguay.

For other uses, see Paysandú (disambiguation).
Paysandú
Capital city
Basílica as seen from 18 de Julio street
Basílica as seen from 18 de Julio street
Paysandú is located in Uruguay
Paysandú
Paysandú
Location in Uruguay
Coordinates: 32°19′17″S 58°4′32″W
Country Uruguay
Department Paysandú
Founded1756
Elevation
34 m (112 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total76,412[1]
Time zoneUTC −3
Postal code
60000
Dial plan+598 472 (+5 digits)
ClimateCfa

History

It was founded in October 1756 and had acquired the status of "Villa" (town) before the independence of Uruguay. On 8 June 1863, its status was elevated to "Ciudad" (city) by the Act of Ley Nº 780.[2]

General Leandro Gomez led Uruguayan forces to save the town from an invasion by Brazilian forces in 1864–1865. A battle took place on 2 December 1864.[3]

Population

In 2011 Paysandú had a population of 76,412.[1] It is the fourth largest city in Uruguay, after Montevideo, Salto and Ciudad de la Costa.

YearPopulation
190820,953
196351,645
197562,199
198568,466
199674,568
200473,292
201176,412

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay[2]

Paysandú is more cosmopolitan than most Uruguayan cities, with many settlers from Italy, Switzerland, Poland, Germany, Russia, Ukraine, Belgium and various African nations.

Geography

The city is located on the banks of the Uruguay River, which forms the border with Argentina. It lies 378 kilometres (235 mi) northwest of Montevideo via Route 1 and Route 3, on the junction of the latter with Route 90. As of the census of 2011 it was the fourth-most populated city of the country.

A small distance north of the city is the General Artigas Bridge that links Uruguay with the Entre Ríos Province of Argentina, south of the city Colón.[4]

Climate

Paysandú has a humid subtropical climate, described by the Köppen climate classification as Cfa. Summers are warm to hot and winters are cool, with the occurrence of frosts and fog. The precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year, although winters are slightly drier, with an average of 1,181 mm (46.5 in), and the annual average temperature is around 19 °C (66 °F). On 20 January 1943, Paysandú recorded a temperature of 44.0 °C (111.2 °F), which is the joint highest (along with Florida) temperature to have ever been recorded in Uruguay.[5][6] The lowest temperature to have ever been recorded in Paysandú is −7.4 °C (18.7 °F) in June.

Climate data for Paysandú, Uruguay (1991–2020, extremes 1937–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 44.0
(111.2)		 42.4
(108.3)		 39.4
(102.9)		 36.0
(96.8)		 33.0
(91.4)		 29.8
(85.6)		 30.6
(87.1)		 33.8
(92.8)		 36.4
(97.5)		 38.0
(100.4)		 41.5
(106.7)		 42.0
(107.6)		 44.0
(111.2)
Average high °C (°F) 31.7
(89.1)		 30.1
(86.2)		 28.5
(83.3)		 24.6
(76.3)		 20.4
(68.7)		 17.6
(63.7)		 17.0
(62.6)		 19.6
(67.3)		 21.2
(70.2)		 24.1
(75.4)		 27.7
(81.9)		 30.2
(86.4)		 24.4
(75.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.1
(77.2)		 23.9
(75.0)		 22.4
(72.3)		 18.9
(66.0)		 15.4
(59.7)		 12.6
(54.7)		 12.0
(53.6)		 13.9
(57.0)		 15.4
(59.7)		 18.4
(65.1)		 21.3
(70.3)		 23.7
(74.7)		 18.6
(65.5)
Average low °C (°F) 18.5
(65.3)		 17.8
(64.0)		 16.3
(61.3)		 13.3
(55.9)		 10.4
(50.7)		 7.7
(45.9)		 7.0
(44.6)		 8.2
(46.8)		 9.7
(49.5)		 12.6
(54.7)		 14.8
(58.6)		 17.1
(62.8)		 12.8
(55.0)
Record low °C (°F) 7.8
(46.0)		 3.2
(37.8)		 3.2
(37.8)		 0.0
(32.0)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 −7.4
(18.7)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 0.0
(32.0)		 2.3
(36.1)		 4.8
(40.6)		 −7.4
(18.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 141.0
(5.55)		 136.1
(5.36)		 111.5
(4.39)		 154.4
(6.08)		 108.7
(4.28)		 72.4
(2.85)		 55.2
(2.17)		 74.6
(2.94)		 78.9
(3.11)		 121.3
(4.78)		 105.2
(4.14)		 132.4
(5.21)		 1,291.7
(50.85)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 7 7 6 7 6 5 5 5 6 8 6 7 75
Average relative humidity (%) 62 67 70 75 77 78 74 72 71 70 67 63 71
Mean monthly sunshine hours 285.2 226.0 232.5 198.0 186.0 153.0 173.6 192.2 201.0 229.4 255.0 279.0 2,610.9
Mean daily sunshine hours 9.2 8.0 7.5 6.6 6.0 5.1 5.6 6.2 6.7 7.4 8.5 9.0 7.2
Source 1: Instituto Uruguayo de Metereología[7][8]
Source 2: NOAA (precipitation 1991–2020),[9] Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (humidity and sun 1980–2009)[10]

Economy

The main industries in the city are Norteña brewery, Azucarlito (sugar), Paylana (which is a producer of world-class woolen fabrics), and Paycuero (leather). Paysandú is also the centre of plantation forest industry in Uruguay, with many companies involved in the planting and harvesting of Eucalyptus plantations.[11]

A welcome sign in the old port of Paysandú

Transportation

The city is served by Tydeo Larre Borges International Airport.

Recreation

Paysandú has some fine recreational beaches on the Uruguay River which have lifeguards during the summer. It is also home to many sporting clubs, including a rowing club, yacht club, and numerous others for football, rugby, hockey, tennis and polo.

Education

Previously the area had a German school, Deutsche Schule Paysandú.[12]

Also the city has a Center of the University of the Republic (Centro Universitario de Paysandú).[13]

Places of worship

Notable people

Politicians

Football players

Musicians

Other

Twinned cities

See also

References
  1. "Censos 2011 Cuadros Paysandú". Instituto Nacional de Estadística Uruguay. 2012. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  2. "Statistics of urban localities (1908–2004)" (PDF). INE. 2012. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
  3. Marley, David (February 2008). Wars of the Americas: a chronology of armed conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the present. ABC-CLIO. p. 855. ISBN 978-1-59884-100-8. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  4. Leitner, Gerry (January 2001). Argentina Travel Companion. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 936. ISBN 978-0-9587498-1-7. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  5. "Clima del Uruguay" (in Spanish). Red Académica Uruguaya. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
  6. "Boletín meteorológico" [Meteorologic records of Uruguay] (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional de Meteorología. Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
  7. "Estadísticas climatológicas" (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional de Meteorología. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  8. "RECORDS METEOROLOGICOS EN EL URUGUAY" (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional de Meteorología. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  9. "Paysandu Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
  10. Castaño, José; Giménez, Agustín; Ceroni, Mauricio; Furest, José; Aunchayna, Rossina. "Caracterización Agroclimática del Uruguay 1980–2009" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  11. Bouton, Lawrence (1998). The private sector and development: five case studies. World Bank Publications. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-8213-4199-5. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  12. "Deutscher Bundestag 4. Wahlperiode Drucksache IV/3672" (Archive). Bundestag (West Germany). 23 June 1965. Retrieved on 12 March 2016. p. 29/51.
  13. "Breve historia institucional" (in Spanish). CENUR Litoral Norte Paysandú. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  14. "Sign of twining agreement between Wilaya of Smara and city of Paysandú". Sahara Press Service. 2011-10-24. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
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