Phnom Penh International Airport

Phnom Penh International Airport[lower-alpha 1] (IATA: PNH, ICAO: VDPP) is the busiest airport in Cambodia and serves as the country's main international gateway. It is Cambodia's second largest airport by area after the new Siem Reap–Angkor International Airport.[2] It is located in the Pou Senchey District,[3] 10 kilometres (5.4 NM) west of Phnom Penh, the nation's capital.

Phnom Penh International Airport

អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិភ្នំពេញ
Aéroport international de Phnom Penh
Summary
Airport typePublic / Military
OwnerCambodia Airports
OperatorVINCI Airports
ServesPhnom Penh, Cambodia
LocationPou Senchey District
Hub for
Focus city forVietnam Airlines
Elevation AMSL40 ft / 12 m
Coordinates11°32′47″N 104°50′38″E
Websitepnh.cambodia-airports.aero
Maps
PNH is located in Cambodia
PNH
PNH
Location of airport in Cambodia
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05/23 3,000 10,000 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2022)
Passenger movements1,971,000 Increase 789%
Aircraft movements22,323 Increase 220%
www.vinci-airports.com[1]

History

Phnom Penh airport's former name was Pochentong International Airport [lower-alpha 2]. The name of Pochentong International Airport was derived from the leader of the Kuomintang Cambodian branch, Po Chentong (Chinese: 波成東).

On 6 July 1995, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) signed a concession agreement with the French–Malaysian joint venture company Société Concessionaire d'Aéroport (SCA), to operate Phnom Penh (PNH) – Pochentong International Airport. In return for a 20-year concession, SCA—70 per cent owned by Groupe GTM and 30 per cent by Muhibbah Masterron of Malaysia—committed to a $100 million improvement program that includes the construction of a new runway, terminal and cargo buildings, hangars, installation of a Cat III level Instrument Landing System (ILS) and associated approach lighting. The Berger Group was selected by the RGC to provide independent engineering services during the concession, to audit the design and to advise on the practicality and cost of the concession's proposed improvements. The Berger team also supervised the initial works to accommodate widebody aircraft such as 747s, including asphalt concrete runway overlays; installation of new ILS, metrological equipment, runway lighting and generator and power systems; and construction of a new fire station, taxiway and turn-pad extensions. Following the successful completion of the initial works, the Berger team provided design review and independent engineering services for the construction of a new 20,000-square-metre (220,000 sq ft) terminal building to accommodate growing tourist traffic. The $20 million terminal building includes four mobile aerobridges, over 1000 auto parking spaces and VIP and CIP facilities.

In March 2011, Air France began flights to Paris via Bangkok using Airbus A340s.[4][5] The stopover changed to Ho Chi Minh City the following year. The route lasted until March 2013.[6][7]

The airport is expected to be replaced with the Techo International Airport by 2025, located in Kandal province.

Facilities

Overview

The airport is at an elevation of 40 feet (12 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 05/23 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,000 by 50 metres (9,840 ft × 160 ft).[8][9] The airport has two terminal buildings – one for international and one for domestic operations. Recently, it added a new facility for VIP service. The international terminal has four aerobridges built in 2003. Three more aerobridges were added during the passenger terminal expansion in 2016–2017. The airport's design capacity is 5 million people per year.

Expansion

In 2014, Cambodia Airports announced a $100 million project to expand the passenger terminals at Phnom Penh and Siem Reap international airports to accommodate continued strong passenger growth.[10] The project saw the extension of the parking lots and terminals, more check-in and immigration counters, and new baggage handling systems. Additionally, the commercial areas were enlarged to allow for more retail shops, new restaurants and food and beverage outlets, and mezzanine lounges to cater to first class and business travellers. The expansions will allow the airport to double its capacity to handle 5 million passengers a year from 2.5 million passengers.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger
AirlinesDestinations
AirAsia Kuala Lumpur–International
Air China Beijing–Capital[11]
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
Bangkok Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Cambodia Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[12] Beijing–Daxing,[13] Chengdu–Tianfu,[14] Ho Chi Minh City, Macau, Shenzhen,[15] Singapore[16]
Cambodia Angkor Air Delhi (begins 1 February 2024),[17] Guangzhou,[18][19] Haikou, Hangzhou (resumes 30 October 2023),[20] Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Shanghai–Pudong, Siem Reap,[21] Singapore (begins 2 January 2024),[17] Zhengzhou[22]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong[23]
China Airlines Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Kunming, Shanghai–Pudong
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou, Shenzhen (resumes 2 April 2024)[24]
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan
Indonesia AirAsia Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta[25]
Jetstar Asia Singapore
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon
Lanmei Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Changsha, Guangzhou, Kuala Lumpur–International,[26] Nanning[27]
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International[28]
Myanmar Airways International Yangon
Philippine Airlines Manila[29]
Qatar Airways Doha, Ho Chi Minh City (both resume 29 October 2023)[30]
Shenzhen Airlines Shenzhen[31]
Singapore Airlines Singapore[32]
Sky Angkor Airlines Bangkok–Don Mueang,[33] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[34]Macau, Palau, Seoul–Incheon,[35] Shanghai–Pudong,[36]
Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[37]
Thai VietJet Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[38]
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Vientiane
XiamenAir Xiamen[39]

Cargo
AirlinesDestinations
Cathay Cargo Hong Kong, Penang, Singapore[40]
K-Mile Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Qatar Airways Cargo Doha, Hyderabad,Yangon

Statistics
Annual passenger traffic at PNH airport. See Wikidata query.
Statistics for Phnom Penh International Airport[41][42]
YearTotal passengersChange from previous yearTotal aircraft movementsChange from previous year
1998 600,0006,000
1999 700,0008,000
2000 800,0009,000
2001 900,00017,000
2002 900,00018,000
2003 900,00016,000
2004 1,200,00018,000
2005 1,081,745Decrease10%17,035Decrease4%
2006 1,322,267Increase22%19,282Increase13%
2007 1,598,424Increase21%20,881Increase9%
2008 1,691,870Increase6%20,383Decrease3%
2009 1,587,986Decrease6%20,352Decrease0.15%
2010 1,673,421Increase6%20,156Decrease1%
2011 1,839,892Increase10%21,365Increase6%
2012 2,077,282Increase13%22,534Increase6%
2013 2,393,680Increase15%26,583Increase18%
2014 2,665,894 Increase12% 27,936 Increase5%
2015 3,079,068 Increase16% 31,409 Increase13%
2016 3,388,553 Increase10% 33,435 Increase7%
2017 4,240,000 Increase25% 41,057 Increase23%
2018 5,423,000 Increase28% 52,217 Increase27%
2019 6,029,000 Increase11% 56,018 Increase8%
2020 1,331,000 Decrease78% 18,346 Decrease67%
2021 250,000 Decrease81% 10,173 Decrease45%
2022 1,971,000 Increase789% 22,323 Increase220%

Ground transportation
Tuk-tuks at Phnom Penh International Airport

There are a few options to transfer to or from Phnom Penh International Airport and the city. Outside the arrival hall, passengers can take a taxi provided by the Airport Taxi Association or book a ride from Grab, a ride-hailing app. In April 2018, trains operated by Royal Railway Cambodia began running express from Phnom Penh International Airport (parking area) to Phnom Penh Railway Station (City Center). Trains run every 30 minutes and the journey takes roughly 30 minutes, fare of one-way is US$2.50.[43] There is also the city bus and an airport express bus.[44]

Accidents and incidents
  • 3 December 1973: A Douglas DC-3 XW-PHV of Air Union was reported to have crashed shortly after take-off.[45]
  • 19 January 1975 A Douglas C-47A XU-HAK, Douglas DC-3 XU-KAL of Khmer Hansa and Douglas C-47A N86AC of South East Asia Air Transport were all destroyed in a rocket attack on the airport.[46][47][48]
  • 22 February 1975: A Douglas C-47A XU-GAJ of Khmer Hansa was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[49]
  • 10 March 1975: A Douglas DC-3 of Samaki Airlines was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[50]
  • 11 March 1975: ADouglas DC-3 of Khmer Hansa was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[51]
  • xx March 1975: A Vickers Viscount XW-TDN of Royal Air Lao crashed at Phnom Penh International Airport. The pilot was not qualified to fly the aircraft. All four people on board were killed.[52] Accident aircraft also reported as XW-TFK with a date of 15 March.[53]
  • 11 April 1975: A Douglas DC-3 (possibly XW-PKT) of Sorya Airlines was hit by shrapnel shortly after take-off. The aircraft was destroyed by fire and two of the three occupants were killed.[54] The same day, Douglas C-47B XW-TFB of Air Cambodge was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[55]
  • 3 September 1997: Vietnam Airlines Flight 815, operated by a Tupolev Tu-134 crashed on approach to Pochentong Airport, killing 65 of the 66 passengers on board. The aircraft was entirely destroyed. The aircraft was flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Phnom Penh.[56] The Tupolev was approaching the Phnom Penh airport runway in heavy rain from 2,000 meters; at this point the control tower ordered the pilot to attempt an approach from the west due to a wind pick-up. The crew then lost communication with the tower, and three minutes later the aircraft collided at low level with trees, damaging the left wing. The aircraft then slid 200 yards into a dry rice paddy before exploding. Pilot error was later identified as the cause of the crash; the pilot continued his landing descent from an altitude of 2,000 meters to 30 meters even though the runway was not in sight, and ignored pleas from his first officer and flight engineer to turn back. When the aircraft hit the trees, the pilot finally realized the runway was not in sight and tried to abort the approach; the flight engineer pushed for full power, but the aircraft lost control and veered left; the right engine then stalled, making it impossible to gain lift.[57]

Future
Main article: Techo Takhmao International Airport

In January 2018, the Cambodian government approved a proposal to build a new airport to serve Phnom Penh that will cost an estimated US$1.5 billion.[58] The new international airport will replace the existing Phnom Penh International Airport, with initial plans having the facilities being constructed on partially reclaimed land adjacent to Boueng Cheung Loung, a large lake in Kandal Province about 30 kilometres south of Phnom Penh.[59][60][61][62][63]

Cambodia Airport Investment, a joint venture 90 percent owned by Overseas Cambodia Investment Corporation (OCIC), one of the country's largest real estate developers, and 10 percent by the government's State Secretariat of Civil Aviation, plans to invest the $1.5 billion to construct the new airport. The OCIC will invest US$280 million, while unspecified "foreign banks" will provide US$1.1 billion in funding. The OCIC will own 90 per cent of the shares in the completed airport, with the rest going to the SSCA While the construction plans are still in the early stages of development, the 4F class airport will be capable of handling large long-haul aircraft and will reportedly cover an area of around 2,600 hectares, which would make it one of the largest airports in the world.

See also

Notes
  1. Khmer: អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិភ្នំពេញ, French: Aéroport international de Phnom Penh
  2. Khmer: អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិពោធិ៍ចិនតុង, French: Aéroport international de Pochentong

References
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Bibliography

Media related to Phnom Penh International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

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