Yei Zhuang language

Yei Zhuang is a Northern Tai language complex spoken in Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan, China. Its speakers are also known as the Sha (沙族), a subgroup of the Zhuang.

Yei Zhuang
Buyue[1]
Pronunciation[pu˨jai˩˧]
Native toChina
RegionWenshan Prefecture, Yunnan; western Guangxi
EthnicitySha
Native speakers
1 million (2007)[2]
Dialects
  • Po-ai
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
zgn – Guibian Zhuang
zqe – Qiubei Zhuang
Glottologguib1244  Guibian
qiub1238  Qiubei

Distribution

In Yunnan, Yei Zhuang dialects are spoken in Funing and Guangnan counties (also in Guangxi to the east and north), as well as Qiubei (probably also in Qujing Municipality to the north). The largest concentrations of Yei Zhuang speakers are found in Qiubei (80% of total Zhuang population) and Funing (50% of total Zhuang population) counties (Johnson 2011a:43).

Po-ai, a Tai language of Funing County described by Fang-kuei Li in the mid-1900s, was determined by Johnson (2011b) to be a Yei Zhuang dialect.

Names

Below are various names (both autonyms and exonyms) for speakers of Yei Zhuang (Johnson 2011a:43).

  • pu Nong (濮侬)
  • pu35 ʔjai34, pu33 juei34, pu22 jai13; bu ji (Qiubei)
  • bu Yai (布雅衣)
  • bu Yei (布依, 布瑞, 布越)
  • Shazu (沙族) or Sharen (沙人)
  • Baisha (白沙)
  • Nongqianbeng (侬迁绷)
  • Zhongjia (仲家)

Many of these are names of Bouyei as well.

Characteristics

There are no palatalized consonants in Qiubei Zhuang. /pj/ in standard Zhuang is /p/, as in /pja1/ "fish", pjak7 "vegetable" is /pa/1, /pak/7.[3] /mj/ is m or n，for example mjaːk3 "slippery", mjaːi2 "saliva" as /ma6/, /naːi2/. /kj/ is merged into k or t，for example kjaːŋ1 "middle", kja4(orphan) is /kaːŋ3/, /tsa4/. The consonant k before i, e is changed to ts, for instance ki3 "several", kiːŋ2 (triangular cooker), ke5 "old" as /tʃi1/, /tʃiːŋ2/, /tʃes/.

References
  1. The Chinese name. An approximation, as Yei and Yai are not possible in Mandarin.
  2. Guibian Zhuang at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    Qiubei Zhuang at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  3. See Proto-Tai_language#Tones for an explanation of the tone codes.
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