Salesópolis

Salesópolis is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo.[3] The population is 17,252 (2020 est.) in an area of 424.997 km².[4] Salesópolis sits at an elevation of 850 metres (2,790 ft). It is noted for being the source of the Tietê River.[5]

Salesópolis
Municipality
Municipality of Salesópolis
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Salesópolis
Salesópolis
Coordinates: 23°50′46″S 46°37′47″W
Country	Brazil
Region	Southeast
State	São Paulo
Government
• Mayor	Vanderlon Oliveira Gomes (PL)
Area
• Total	424.997 km2 (164.092 sq mi)
Elevation	850 m (2,790 ft)
Population  (2020)[1]
• Total	17,252
• Density	41/km2 (110/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC−3 (BRT)
HDI (2010)	0.732 – high[2]
Website	www.salesopolis.sp.gov.br

Salesópolis was founded in the 19th century as São José do Paraitinga, and later became the parish of Santana de Mogi das Cruzes in 1838. The parish was elevated to municipality status on March 24, 1857, but renamed Salesópolis in 1905 after a visit of the president of Brazil, Campos Sales (1841-1913).[5]

The Tietê River flows in the northern part of the municipality, and much of the southern part of the municipality is mountainous, heavily forested, and inaccessible. The Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica) of Salesópolis were largely destroyed in the late 19th and early 20th century, but 96 ha of the municipality are now protected as part of the Boracéia Biological Station, a unit of the Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo established in 1954. Salesópolis is home to the Buchenavia rabelloana, a species of plant in the Combretaceae family. The species is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[6][7]